VI International Scientific and Technical Conference "Radio Engineering, Electronics and Communication"

VI International Scientific and Technical Conference "Radio Engineering, Electronics and Communication"

ANNUAL NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL CONFERENCE OF THE PROFESSOR'S TEACHING STAFF, GRADUATES AND STUDENTS OF THE MYTISHCHINSKY BRANCH OF MSTU named after N.E. BAUMAN ON THE RESULTS OF RESEARCH WORKS FOR 2020

В сборник включены тезисы докладов, представленных на Ежегодной национальной научно-технической конференции профессорско-преподавательского состава, аспирантов и студентов Мытищинского филиала МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана по итогам научно-исследовательских работ за 2020 г. Тезисы сгруппированы по тематическим направлениям работы конференции. Тексты публикуются в авторской редакции.

Preface

Overview of the 18th International Scientific and Technical Conference Rapid Solidification Materials and Coatings A A Lozovan1 and D K Kostrin2 1Department of Materials and Materials Technology, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) “MAI”, 121552, Orshanskaya, 3, Moscow, Russia 2Department of Electronic Instruments and Devices, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197376, Professora Popova, 5, Saint Petersburg, Russia E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. In this preface the main results of the 18th International Scientific and Technical Conference Rapid Solidification Materials and Coatings that was held on 19–20 October 2021 in Moscow, Russia are discussed. From 19 to 20 October 2021, the 18th International Scientific and Technical Conference Rapid Solidification Materials and Coatings (RSMC–2021) was held at the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University). Despite the difficulties associated with the coronavirus pandemic, more than 100 specialists from leading universities, the Russian Academy of Sciences and Russian enterprises, as well as scientists from Ukraine and Belarus, took part in the Conference. For the successful holding of the Conference in a pandemic, all the necessary measures were taken to ensure the implementation of sanitary rules and standards for the protection of Conference participants. At the Conference the results, which were obtained in the last year after the previous Conference, of the theoretical and experimental studies on the physics of condensed matter, low-temperature plasma physics, electronic and ion-plasma surface modification, physical methods of film deposition and other studies obtained over the last year after the previous Conference. The main objects of these studies were superficiality and superficial phenomena. Therefore, to the development and improvement of methods of surface modification and coatings deposition, as well as methods of their research and development of modern surface treatment equipment was paid the greatest attention at the Conference. During the Conference more than 70 reports were presented, which were heard in the following, traditional Conference sections (figure 1): • section 1 – Rapid solidification materials; • section 2 – Methods of coating application and research; • section 3 – Laser, electron-beam and ion-plasma methods of surface modification; • section 4 – Composite materials and permanent joints; • section 5 – Works of young scientists. The Conference was opened by Alexander Vladimirovich Bespalov, Co-Chairman of the Director of the Department of Materials Science and Materials Technology of the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), who emphasized the importance of developing research in the field of physical and physicochemical methods of obtaining and processing new materials and coatings for the aerospace industry. He also noted the achievements of the Institute’s scientists in the field of laser coating and fast solidification materials. List of Organizing Committee, Program Committee, Photos are available in this pdf.

Automated Approaches Determine Solids Content in Drilling and Completions Fluids

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 201368, “Automated Solids-Content Determination in Drilling and Completions Fluids,” by Sercan Gul, SPE, Ali Karimi Vajargah, and Eric van Oort, SPE, The University of Texas at Austin, et al., prepared for the 2020 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, originally scheduled to be held in Denver, 5–7 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Monitoring of low- and high-gravity-solids (LGS and HGS) content and maintaining these at ideal levels is essential for optimal drilling fluid performance, efficient hole cleaning and equivalent-circulating-density management, and prevention of failures of surface and downhole equipment during drilling. LGS and HGS monitoring in the field is currently accomplished using the API retort-kit measurement, which has certain drawbacks and is difficult to automate. In the complete paper, two new approaches are investigated to automate the LGS and HGS content measurements of drilling fluids, which potentially can replace the retort test. Introduction The conventional way to characterize LGS and HGS in the field is by using a retort-kit measurement specified in API Recommended Practices 13B-1 and 13B-2. The longevity of these tests is testament to the effectiveness of the API standards and the tests themselves in providing useful and practical field guidance. Despite their evident success, however, various downsides exist in current solids-content-testing methods. Retort-kit measurements present the following issues: - Difficulty in obtaining accurate and repeatable test results - Safety issues associated with laboratory testing at elevated temperatures (over 930°F) - Interpretive bias issues associated with test results, including the potential for deliberate manipulation of these results - Difficulty in automating the retort test for improved efficiency and safety The authors’ opinion is that automating antiquated API test protocols is not a useful practice. They write that a clean-slate approach would be better, in which a determination is made whether solids-content information can be provided in a novel and meaningful way using methods that deviate from standard API recommended practices. In the complete paper, the authors investigate a machine-learning (ML) and data-analytics method for this purpose in combination with a novel inline X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurement method.

Preface

Welcome to the Proceedings of the2021 Fourth International Conference for Agricultural and Sustainability Sciences (ICASS2021). (ICASS2021), which was held during 4-5 October 2021, Babil, Iraq. There are many practices usually used by people working in sustainable agriculture and sustainable food systems. Farmers may use techniques to improve soil health, reduce water usage, and lower contamination levels on the field. Customers concerned with sustainability can look for foods that are produced by environmentally friendly techniques. researchers in sustainable agriculture usually combine biology, economics, engineering, chemistry, community improvement, Though, sustainable agriculture is more than a bunch of practices. The International Conference on ICASS2021 will be a paramount and valuable event for scientists, researchers. Hosted by College of Agriculture/University of Al-Qasim Green, The aim was intended to provide a technical conference and research studies on food, agriculture, environment, pollution, and how these techniques are effective on community development0 The Conference of AL-Qasim green university aimed to attract researchers, academicians, scientists, students together to share and present the latest research findings, and applications related to multiple regards of agriculture engineering, organic agriculture, agribusiness, animal nutrition, animal production, veterinary sciences, food science and technology, Environment, Soil Pollution food safety, and sovereignty, IT for Agriculture, renewable energy and other researches.

Sustainable Recovery: Signs of Recovery?

The 2021 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition (ATCE) was held in September as a hybrid (in-person and virtual) event in Dubai with more than 6,000 participants, with the health and safety of the participants being our highest priority. While the number of attendees is lower than in previous years, there was a general feeling that we may finally be getting out of the pandemic situation, after 18 months of a complete trans-formation of the way we work, communicate, and move. Thanks to the Conference Chair Ali Al Jarwan, CEO of Dragon Oil; Program Committee Chair Fareed Abdulla AlHashmi, COO of Dragon Oil; and the ATCE Executive and Program committees for organizing an excellent event under the theme of “The New Oil and Gas Journey: Agility, Innovation, and Value Creation.” The conference included 80 technical sessions, six plenary and panel sessions, and eight special sessions, spanning digitalization, electrification, sustainability, and emerging themes. Our appreciation goes to the sponsors, the exhibitors, the presenters, the volunteers, and the SPE staff. Dubai and the UAE, 1 week before the 2020 World Expo, were great hosts. Congratulations to the winners of the SPE (and AIME) International, Regional, and Student awards (https://jpt.spe.org/spe-honors-2021-international-award-recipients-during-annual-meeting). Many of them were able to travel to Dubai to receive their recognition. The Startup Village Awards, organized in collaboration with Rice University, was also well attended, and the winners were recognized (https://jpt.spe.org/2021-atce-startup-village-competition-winners-announced). The dynamism of the city of Dubai and the country of UAE and their capacity to project themselves in the future with a unique 50-year strategical timeframe that spans the period 2021–2071 never cease to amaze me. The world, including developing economies, has expanded significantly the COVID-19 vaccination campaign, reaching more than 6 billion doses administered, and nearly half of the world has received at least one dose of vaccination as of early October. The “green list” of countries deemed safe for travel is expanding after a summer that has seen a major impact of the COVID-19 Delta variant. Oil and gas demand is recovering for sectors such as transport and industry, even though the airlines may not see pre-pandemic levels of activity before 2025. Massive amounts of public funding injected to fuel the world’s economic recovery have been announced in Europe, the US, and Asia, adding up to trillions of dollars. However, economic recovery from the pandemic will take time, as there is a major backlog in global manufacturing activities impacting consumer markets and creating inflationary pressures.

What Is Really Happening When Parent and Child Wells Interact?

When trying to understand the well-to-well events known as frac hits and fracture-driven interactions (FDIs), the first idea to embrace is this: they are not all the same. “And the key physical mechanisms are not the same,” said Mark McClure, who added that, “Until you’ve really dialed in on what those are, you’re really in the dark.” McClure is the cofounder and CEO of ResFrac Corp. In March, the modeling firm began a multiclient study to diagnose the relationships between parent and child wells—or what many consider to be the ultimate subsurface challenge facing the shale sector. Participating operators are Marathon Oil, Hess Corp., Pioneer Resources, Arc Resources, Birchcliff Energy, SM Energy, and Ovintiv Inc. These independent E&Ps represent a cross section of some of the most active plays in North America: the Midland and Delaware basins and the Bakken and Montney shales. But what makes the study unique, McClure said, is that it involves 10 rich data sets from well pads that were subjected to a number of cross-validating diagnostics: tracers, pressure/interference monitoring, geochemistry, and fiber optics. ResFrac has been using that data to calibrate its coupled reservoir-fracture models to see what knobs clients might want to turn in the future to improve well economics. The study is also trying to unearth some firm answers about what is really happening during offset stimulations, why it is happening, and what can be done to mitigate negative outcomes. ResFrac and its clients expect to wrap up this part of the study by the year’s end and to submit an abstract for an SPE technical conference in 2022. As the study nears an end, McClure offered some of his key observations that he noted are supported by previous research found within industry literature. So, What’s the Worst That Can Happen? A growing chorus of subsurface experts consider unwanted chemical reactions in the fracture network as one of the major damage mechanisms resulting from FDIs. McClure is not only among them, he said chemical effects represent the “worst” that can happen when parents and children interact. “This is where you see wells get hit, they lose 80% of their production, and it doesn’t come back,” he explained. Some in the industry have taken to calling the byproduct of these chemical reactions “shmoo” or “gunk.” For answers as to why this is happening, McClure points to two technical papers in particular.

Preface

The conference “Optical Methods of Flow Investigation” (OMFI) has been regularly held since 1989 at intervals of 2 years. The All-Union Seminar was held in 1989, I and II All-Union Conferences (founder – Institute of Thermal Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences) was held in 1991 and 1993. Since 1995, conferences have been held at the Moscow Power Engineering Institute (MPEI) under the auspices of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, the co-founders were MPEI and the Institute of Thermophysics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Since 2019 Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences has also become a co-organizer of the conference. This issue of the Journal is devoted to research and studies presented at the XVI International Scientific and Technical Conference “Optical Methods of Flow Investigation” (OMFI-2021). The conference was held in Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Moscow, Russia, on 28 June – 02 July 2021. The National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute” is one of the leading technical universities in Russia having about 15,000 students from more than 60 countries. MPEI is one of the largest technical universities in Russia. It provides the specialist’s training and scientific research in the field of energy, electrical engineering, radio electronics, computer engineering. The conference brought together experts from different organizations to initiate discussions on topics that are of interest to the conference attendees. The conference papers presented in the following areas: laser anemometry, flow visualization, development of quantum-optical devices, computer methods of signal and image processing, laser and optical interferometry, application of optical methods, acousto-optics and optoacoustic, optical methods in biomedicine and ecology, also included papers of the Youth workshop «Modern Methods of Flow Investigation – 2021». List of Organizing and program committees of the conference are available in this pdf.

Cellulose Nanocrystal Switchable Gel Improves CO2 Sweep Efficiency

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 201609, “Cellulose Nanocrystal Switchable Gel for Improving CO2 Sweep Efficiency in Enhanced Oil Recovery and Gas Storage,” by Ali Telmadarreie, University of Calgary and Cnergreen; Christopher Johnsen, University of Calgary; and Steven Bryant, University of Calgary and Cnergreen, prepared for the 2020 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, originally scheduled to be held in Denver, 5–7 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed. The entanglement of biopolymers is a well-known phenomenon that, when controlled, can result in a smart fluid with strong gelation properties. The authors write that, when a suitable salt is incorporated into the cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), the fluids undergo gelation upon contact with bulk-phase carbon dioxide (CO2) but remain a flowing liquid otherwise. In this study, this composition-selective trigger was applied to improve sweep efficiency in CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and sequestration. Introduction Hydrogels are hydrophilic structures that swell when hydrated and have various applications in industry. Hydrogels are of interest in EOR because of their ability to respond to stimuli such as pH, temperature, light, and ionic strength. CNCs are nanoparticles derived from cellulose, one of the more sustainable natural resources available. CNC hydrogels could have specific applications as a solution to media het-erogeneity and poor gas-sweep efficiency. The hydrogels can be tuned to set over time, allowing the intentional placement of gels into already-swept areas of a reservoir. CNC hydrogels are unique in that they can be formed when contacted with CO2 and broken by the application of nitrogen (N2) gas. The pH of the solution will be increased as the nitrogen partitions across the gel, reversing the CO2 reaction. This gives the gel-forming solution the added benefit of being transmittable throughout a reservoir. Material and Procedure Spray-dried CNCs with an average length of 100–200 nm and a width of 15 nm were used. Imidazole was used as the salt mixed with water and CNC suspension to create a pH-triggered gel system. CO2 gas and N2 gas were used as received. Mineral oil with a viscosity of approximately 20 cp was used at the oil phase. Solution preparation, and the process for gel strength in bulk testing, are provided in the complete paper. All tests were performed at a pressure of 400 psi and an ambient temperature of 21°C. Two sets of flow experiments were performed. The first included flow in a single sandpack saturated with water to investigate the in-situ gelation and reversibility of the gel. The second set used a dual-sandpack system. The shorter sandpack with higher permeability was saturated with water to create a path of less resistance compared with the longer sandpack with lower permeability saturated with viscous oil. Further details of these experiments are provided in the complete paper.