METHOD OF VECTOR PRIVATE CONTROL OF ASYNCHRONOUS ELECTRIC DRIVE

Author(s):  
С.В. Аникин ◽  
В.Л. Бурковский ◽  
А.К. Муконин ◽  
Д.А. Тонн ◽  
В.А. Трубецкой

Анализируется проблематика векторного частотного управления асинхронным электроприводом, широко применяемым в качестве исполнительного элемента в рамках современных средств построения обрабатывающих комплексов, разрабатываемых в машиностроительной отрасли. Предлагается вариант частотно-регулируемого асинхронного электропривода, управляемыми величинами которого являются полярные координаты вектора тока в обмотке статора. В данном варианте применяется закон управления, согласно которому угол между векторами тока в обмотке статора и потокосцеплением обмотки ротора не меняется. Управление скоростью вращения электропривода и электромагнитным моментом реализуется заданием модуля тока обмотки статора. При этом формирование угла поворота вектора тока обмотки статора, зависящего от модуля величины потокосцепления роторной обмотки и значения скольжения асинхронного двигателя, дает возможность сохранять постоянным угол между векторами тока обмотки статора и потокосцеплением обмотки ротора, что, в свою очередь, реализует направленное формирование переходных процессов в асинхронном двигателе. Рассматриваемый вариант частотно-регулируемого асинхронного электропривода может найти применение в производственных механизмах, в которых быстродействие не является определяющим критерием функционирования привода, а важно плавное регулирование электромагнитного момента и возможность его ограничения во всех режимах работы. Данный способ управления характеризуется тем, что электромагнитный момент определяется исключительно модулем тока обмотки статора, а контур регулирования скольжения используется для реализации закона поддерживания постоянства угла между током обмотки статора и потокосцеплением обмотки ротора The article analyzes the problems of vector frequency control of asynchronous electric drive, widely used as an executive element in the framework of modern means of constructing processing complexes developed in the machine-building industry. Here we propose a variant of a frequency-controlled asynchronous electric drive, in which the polar coordinates of the current vector in the stator winding are the controlled quantities. In this variant, the control law is applied, according to which the angle between the current vectors in the stator winding and the flow coupling of the rotor winding does not change. The control of the speed of rotation of the electric drive and the electromagnetic torque is realized by setting the current module of the stator winding. At the same time, the formation of the angle of rotation of the current vector of the stator winding, depending on the modulus of the magnitude of the flow coupling of the rotor coil and the sliding value of the asynchronous motor, makes it possible to keep the angle between the current vectors of the stator winding and the flow coupling of the rotor winding constant, which in turn implements the directional formation of transients in the asynchronous motor. The considered variant of a frequency-controlled asynchronous electric drive can be used in production mechanisms in which speed is not a determining criterion for the operation of the drive, but smooth regulation of the electromagnetic torque and the possibility of its limitation in all operating modes is important. This control method is characterized by the fact that the electromagnetic moment is determined exclusively by the current module of the stator winding, and the slip control circuit is used to implement the law of maintaining the constancy of the angle between the current of the stator winding by the flow coupling of the rotor winding

2020 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 01021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Meshcheryakov ◽  
Dmitry Sibirtsev ◽  
Ekaterina Mikhailova

At the end of the last century asynchronous motors with a phase rotor were most widely used among adjustable-speed AC drives. They were used for conveyors, transporters, cranes. That was due to the relative simplicity to adjust the motor speed by acting on the rotor chain. The introduction of a frequency control method in such drives is now complicated by the fact that most frequency converters are designed to be used in drives with a cage asynchronous motor. Shorting of a phase winding leads to highly increased losses during acceleration and motor speed control. If the stator winding of a wound-rotor asynchronous motor is connected to a frequency converter and the rotor winding is connected to a DC link of this converter, the motor will have properties of a synchronous one. The electric drive is able to work in a wide range, while motor characteristics are absolutely rigid. The implementation of such control method is presented in this article. The control system operation has been tested with simulation in the Matlab Simulink software pack. The obtained results are defined as follows.


Author(s):  
I. V. Shestakov ◽  
N. R. Safin

The paper introduces the results of mathematical simulation of the operating modes of an asynchronous motor when powered by a sinusoidal voltage source and a width-modulated voltage pulse source. The study shows the possibilities of increasing the energy efficiency of an asynchronous electric drive. Findings of research show the feasibility of studying the switching of the motor power source from a pulse width-modulated voltage to a sinusoidal voltage source in the nominal operating mode in order to increase the energy efficiency of the electric drive


Author(s):  
Evgeny Eshchin ◽  

Variants of constructing control systems with a lagging argument for the positioning problem of an asyn-chronous electric motor (IM) and the problem of energy-saving AM control are considered. Variants of control of an asynchronous electric drive with IM on the basis of predicting its state are considered. The analytical de-sign of the predictor (ADP) is an asynchronous motor control algorithm based on the mathematical theory of optimal control (L.S. Pontryagin's maximum principle). The control algorithm (ADP) ensures the achievement of the minimum value of the target functional, which (functional), in contrast to the structure of the classical pre-dictive control system (Model Predictive Control - MPC), is clearly not part of the ADP. Calculations of the movements of an electric drive with an IM in the control modes of its state, taking into account delays along the channels for assessing its state and control, as well as using predictors, are given. The effectiveness of the in-troduction of predictors to improve the stability and quality of control of an electric drive with an IM has been established.


Author(s):  
V. N. Meshcheryakov ◽  
D. S. Sibirtsev ◽  
S. Valtchev ◽  
E. I. Gracheva

THE PURPOSE. In controlled AC drives used on continuous-action mechanisms, which include conveyors, conveyors, cranes, the most widespread are asynchronous motors with a phase rotor, controlled mainly along the rotor circuit using various regulators with low energy efficiency. To improve the energy efficiency of an electric drive based on ADFR, it is proposed to develop a control system that combines the principles of frequency control of the motor along the stator circuit and powering the rotor circuit with constant voltage, which allows the electric drive to be considered synchronized. METHODS. The presence of a DC link in the frequency converter makes it possible in principle to connect the rotor winding in series to this link. However, in order to ensure the frequency principle of regulating the output characteristics of the electric drive, it will be necessary to regulate the rectified current at the input of the inverter and, accordingly, in the rotor windings, which will require a significant change in the standard control system of the frequency converter. The use of an additional adjustable switch in the DC link is proposed. RESULTS. The study of the proposed non-standard control system for a frequency asynchronous synchronized electric drive was carried out by the method of simulation modeling in the Matlab Simulink software package. CONCLUSION. A control system for a frequency asynchronous synchronized electric drive has been developed and investigated on a computer model. A correction system is proposed that allows maintaining a constant value of the load angle in the starting mode. The scalar system of relay frequency control of the electric drive is supplemented with vector correction of the variables, which makes it possible to continuously provide the necessary mutual orientation of the stator current vectors and the rotor flux linkage.


Author(s):  
V. N. Meshcheryakov ◽  
D. S. Sibirtsev ◽  
S. Valtchev ◽  
E. I. Gracheva

THE PURPOSE. In controlled AC drives used on continuous-action mechanisms, which include conveyors, conveyors, cranes, the most widespread are asynchronous motors with a phase rotor, controlled mainly along the rotor circuit using various regulators with low energy efficiency. To improve the energy efficiency of an electric drive based on ADFR, it is proposed to develop a control system that combines the principles of frequency control of the motor along the stator circuit and powering the rotor circuit with constant voltage, which allows the electric drive to be considered synchronized. METHODS. The presence of a DC link in the frequency converter makes it possible in principle to connect the rotor winding in series to this link. However, in order to ensure the frequency principle of regulating the output characteristics of the electric drive, it will be necessary to regulate the rectified current at the input of the inverter and, accordingly, in the rotor windings, which will require a significant change in the standard control system of the frequency converter. The use of an additional adjustable switch in the DC link is proposed. RESULTS. The study of the proposed non-standard control system for a frequency asynchronous synchronized electric drive was carried out by the method of simulation modeling in the Matlab Simulink software package. CONCLUSION. A control system for a frequency asynchronous synchronized electric drive has been developed and investigated on a computer model. A correction system is proposed that allows maintaining a constant value of the load angle in the starting mode. The scalar system of relay frequency control of the electric drive is supplemented with vector correction of the variables, which makes it possible to continuously provide the necessary mutual orientation of the stator current vectors and the rotor flux linkage.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (45) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  

Currently, there are quite a large number of various scientific papers on the creation of a controlled asynchronous motor and optimization of its modes, and the availability of acceptable results for practical implementation, but there is still no single generally accepted approach to solving the problem. In this regard, the issue of synthesis of scalar control systems that provide the minimum value of a particular energy efficiency criterion is relevant. In this paper, we consider the obtained mathematical model of an asynchronous motor (AD), which differs from the known ones in that the parameters of the substitution circuit are expressed in terms of the stator and rotor conductivities. The energy characteristics of the AD in the sliding function are obtained, which make it possible to determine the dependences of the active and reactive components of the AD current and the possibility of their redistribution within the nominal value of the AD phase current. The principle of optimal frequency-current control of AD is formulated, which differs from the known ones in that, as an energy efficiency indicator, the value of the maximum energy efficiency of AD is used, expressed as the ratio of the active resistance of the rotor circuit to the total conductivity of the AD phase. Keywords: ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR, ASYNCHRONOUS ELECTRIC DRIVE, EFFICIENCY, POWER FACTOR, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, CIRCUIT CONDUCTIVITY, REPLACEMENT CIRCUIT, SLIP


2020 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 01054
Author(s):  
Victor N. Meshcheryakov ◽  
Dmitry S. Sibirtsev ◽  
Elena Gracheva

Considering the problem of energy saving at industrial enterprises, attention should be paid to the fact that about 70 ... 80% of all electric motors are asynchronous, and most of them are installed in unregulated drives. Most of these electric drives are equipped with asynchronous electric motors with a squirrel-cage rotor (AM SC). Energy saving problem in such cases can be solved by using a frequency converter (FC), however, all FC models are intended for AM SCs, while until the mid-90s the most common variable AC drives were electric drives equipped by an asynchronous motor with a phase rotor (AD PR) as they provided easy speed regulation through the rotor circuit. Such drives are usually used in hoisting and transport machines (conveyors, cranes, etc.). Direct transfer of the abovementioned drives to frequency-controlled mode is quite complicated due to the fact that standard inverters are designed to work with AM SCs having no phase rotor winding, and whose short-circuiting leads to additional electromagnetic losses in comparison with AM SC. An upcoming engineering trend is the development and research of synchronized AM control systems.


10.12737/4036 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Аксенов ◽  
I. Aksenov ◽  
Пиляев ◽  
S. Pilyaev ◽  
Афоничев ◽  
...  

The system control test bench, fuel equipment of diesel engines. The use of asynchronous motor together with the Converter of frequency allows to create an effective budget system of adjustable electric drive for maintenance of necessary speed asynchronous electric drive depending on pressure. The proposed management system provides the fuel supply pressure-stable, leading to a significant decrease in hydraulic loads of fuel and diesel equipment. The use of frequency Converter reduces the dynamic load on the engine and optimize operating currents, which creates conditions to reduce energy consumption and increase the service life of machinery.


Author(s):  
Igor' Polyuschenkov

The materials on the development of asynchronous electric drive with scalar control are given. The technical solutions associated with the design of software and hardware parts of the microprocessor control system are described. When developed, tools of model-based programming technique are used.


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