scholarly journals Peculiarities of inflammatory process and markers of inflammation in patients with bronchial asthma and COPD

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
G B Fedoseev ◽  
V I Trofimov ◽  
V G Timchik ◽  
K V Negrutsa ◽  
E V Gorovneva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Predicted Values

The investigation concerned the diagnostic value of following inflammation markers in patients with mild or moderate bronchial asthma (BA), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis and pneumonia: expired air nitric oxide (Feno) and serum levels of α 1-antitripsin and neutrophilic elastase. 93 patients were included: 6 with mild BA, 11 - with moderate BA, 17 - with mild BA and chronic bronchitis, 25 - with moderate BA and COPD, 25 - with COPD, 9 - with pneumonia. The control group consisted of 21 healthy donors. We revealed that Feno, α 1-antitripsin and neutrophilic elasthase indicate the presence of the inflammation: Feno elevation mostly related to allelrgic one, α 1-antitripsin and neutrophilic elasthase - to infection-dependent inflammation. Treatmentinduced remission of the disease leads to the decrease of α 1-antitripsin and neutrophilic elasthase, but levels are not reaching the normal values. This confirms the presence of airways inflammation during clinical remission of the disease. Elevated levels of α 1-antitripsin and neutrophilic elasthase are associated with the decreased forced expiratory volume during the first second (FEV 1 - % to the predicted values).

scholarly journals Relationship of Serum Levels of IL-17, IL-18, TNF-α, and Lung Function Parameters in Patients with COPD, Asthma-COPD Overlap, and Bronchial Asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nailya Kubysheva ◽  
Marina Boldina ◽  
Tatyana Eliseeva ◽  
Svetlana Soodaeva ◽  
Igor Klimanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Potential Marker

Determination of markers of systemic inflammation is one of the important directions in the study of pathogenesis and improvement of diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma-COPD overlap (ACO), and bronchial asthma (BA). The aim of our work was a comparative study of the features of changes in serum levels of IL-17, IL-18, and TNF-α in patients with COPD, ACO, and BA with various severity of the disease, as well as evaluation of the relationship between the level of these cytokines and lung ventilation function. A total of 147 patients with COPD (n=58), ACO (n=57), and BA (n=32) during a stable period have been examined in this study. The control group included 21 healthy nonsmokers with similar sex-age indicators. Serum levels of IL-17, IL-18, and TNF-α were determined by ELISA. The concentrations of these cytokines in the circulation in the studied patients with COPD, ACO, and BA were higher than those in healthy nonsmokers (p≤0.001). IL-17 and IL-18 levels in the blood serum were comparable in all examined patients. The mean TNF-α concentrations in the circulation in COPD and ACO were significantly higher than those in BA (p<0.001). In patients with COPD, the levels of IL-17 and TNF-α increased progressively against the background of a decrease in numerous spirometric indicators, which allows us to consider these cytokines as systemic biomarkers of disease severity. In BA, the inverse correlations between the level of IL-17 and FEV1/FVC (%) and FEV1 have been found. In patients with ACO, the increase in IL-18 levels was associated with a decrease in FEV1 and TNF-α with FEV1/FVC (%). These findings indicate that IL-17, IL-18, and TNF-α can participate in the mechanisms of systemic inflammation and the genesis of disorders of airway obstruction in COPD, AСO, and BA. An increase in the levels of IL-17 and TNF-α may be associated with impaired bronchial patency in COPD and BA. The established associations of the IL-18 concentration in the blood serum and FEV1 only in patients with ACO allow using the level of IL-18 as a potential marker of the degree of impaired airway obstruction in this disease.

CLINICAL PROFILE OF ASTHMA IN MALE SMOKERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
Pankaj Singh ◽  
Ashish Tyagi ◽  
Nalin Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Past History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Functional Abnormality ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Reversible Airway Obstruction ◽  
History Of

Introduction: st Asthma is traditionally dened as a functional abnormality with reversibility in forced expiratory volume in 1 second of more than 15% as opposed to irreversible or xed airway limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).This study aims to the assess the clinical symptoms, physical ndings and laboratory results in smoker patients reporting with symptoms suggestive of bronchial asthma . Material and method: This study was conducted in department of Respiratory Medicine of National institute of Medical sciences and research, Jaipur on 50 outdoor male smokers presented with respiratory complaints during period of September 2020 to May 2021. Result: 100 patients enrolled in this study. And 50 patients were diagnosed as bronchial asthma on the basis of steroid trial. Mean age of patients in our study is 48.00+10.41. Shortness of breath (48%) was the commonest complaint followed by cough(24%), expectoration (20%) and last was chest pain (8%). There were more current smokers (48%) followed by ex smokers (32%0 and least were reformed (20%).The most common symptoms in past history of patient was seasonal variation (96%) followed by eye itching (32%), chest tightness (60%), sneezing (56%), dust allergy(32%), non respiratory allergy and wheeze (24%) and last was positive family history of asthma or allergy. Past history showed different variation in which any one symptoms was present in 100% of patients, followed by 2 symptoms (95%), 3 symptoms (84%) and 4 symptoms (52%). Conclusion: This study concludes that presence of any two of the above described past symptoms or variables suggestive of asthma in past are diagnostic of asthma in smoker patients even in the presence of irreversible or partially reversible airway obstruction

scholarly journals Prevalence of COPD among women and relation with cooking fuel choice in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 928-933
Author(s):  
A. Sana ◽  
N. Meda ◽  
B. Kafando ◽  
G. Badoum ◽  
C. Bouland
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Urgent Action

BACKGROUND: According to the WHO, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will become the third leading cause of death by 2030. In sub-Saharan Africa, the burden of the disease is unknown. We assessed the prevalence and the factors associated with COPD and chronic bronchitis among women in charge of household cooking.METHODS: A cross-sectional population survey was conducted. We randomly selected women aged ≥18 years in charge of cooking in their household. COPD was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec/forced vital capacity) ratio of <0.70; chronic bronchitis was defined as cough with sputum of at least 3 months in the year for at least 2 consecutive years.RESULTS: Of the 1705 women interviewed, 835 were selected to perform spirometry and 564 provided an acceptable test result. The prevalence of COPD was 1.1% and that of chronic bronchitis was 1.2%. COPD prevalence was higher among women using biomass, women aged >40 years, those had been cooking or had been exposed to toxic gases for more than 30 years. After adjustment, only biomass fuel use and exposure to toxic products were found to be associated with COPD.CONCLUSION: Urgent action is need to accelerate the transition to the other sources of energy.

scholarly journals The diagnostic value of homocysteine for the occurrence and acute progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Wei ◽  
Tian Tian ◽  
Yugeng Liu ◽  
Chunsheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Gold Grade

Abstract Background This study aimed to evaluate whether the Homocysteine (Hcy) level was elevated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and its correlation with the occurrence and acute progression of COPD. Methods From November 2014 to November 2015, COPD patients were enrolled from Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, and the the biological and clinical data were collected. These patients were tested in the non-acute exacerbation period and the acute exacerbation period, so they were defined as AECOPD group and Non-AECOPD group. Besides, 50 healthy subjects were recruited and defined as control group. Total plasma Hcy levels (antibodies-online, USA) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum Hcy level and ventilatory function. Using ROC curve, the diagnostic value of Hcy for the occurrence and acute progression of COPD was explored. Results In this study, we found that Hcy levels in the Non-AECOPD group or the AECOPD group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, compared with the Non-AECOPD group, the Hcy level in the AECOPD group was significantly higher (P < 0.001). In addition, according to the classification of GOLD grade, there was significant difference in the Hcy level among different GOLD grade groups (P < 0.001). The correlation analysis showed that in the AECOPD group and the Non-AECOPD group, Hcy levels presented a negative correlation with FEV1(r < 0). Meanwhile, FEV1% was also negatively correlated with Hcy level (r < 0). ROC curve analysis showed that when the cutoff value was set to 10.8 μg/ml, the specificity, sensitivity and AUC were the best, which were 0.980, 0.800, and 0.945, respectively. Besides, our results showed that when the cutoff value was set to 14.0 μg / ml, the specificity, sensitivity and AUC were the best, which were 0.846, 0.680, and 0.802, respectively. In addition, compared with the prediction of acute progression of COPD, when Hcy level predicted the occurrence of COPD, its specificity (0.980 vs. 0.846, P < 0.001) and sensitivity (0.800 vs. 0.680, P < 0.001) were significantly higher. Conclusion Hcy level is positively correlated with the severity of COPD patients, which has predictive value for the occurrence of COPD and acute progression.

Twins studies as a model for studies on the interaction between smoking and genetic factors in the development of chronic bronchitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 814-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Svartengren ◽  
Gunnar Engström ◽  
Martin Anderson ◽  
Jenny Hallberg ◽  
Goutham Edula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Diffusion Capacity ◽  
Swedish Twin Registry

Smoking is the main risk factor for COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) but genetic factors are of importance, since only a subset of smokers develops the disease. Sex differences have been suggested both in disease prevalence and response to environmental exposures. Furthermore, it has been shown that acquisition of ‘addiction’ to smoking is partly genetically mediated. Disease cases and smoking habits were identified in 44919 twins aged >40 years from the Swedish Twin Registry. Disease was defined as self-reported chronic bronchitis or emphysema, or recurrent cough with phlegm. The results showed that chronic bronchitis seems to be more prevalent among females, and that the heritability estimate for chronic bronchitis was a moderate 40% and only 14% of the genetic influences were shared by smoking. In addition, 392 twins have been invited to a clinical investigation to evaluate: (i) to what extent genetic factors contribute to individual differences (variation) in FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s), vital capacity and DLCO (diffusion capacity), taking sex into consideration, and (ii) whether smoking behaviour and respiratory symptoms influence these estimates.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT PROVISION AND INSTRUMENTAL METHODS FOR EXAMINING PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC BRONCHITIS AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, WHO ARE EMPLOYED IN ENGINEERING INDUSTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
L.G. Selikhova ◽  
H.O. Kolomiyets ◽  
О.A. Borzikh ◽  
A.B. Lavrenko ◽  
Ya.M. Avramenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Malonic Dialdehyde ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Occupational Environment

Introduction. In the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of the bronchopulmonary system, free radical oxidation is known as one of the leading chains, which is able to damage the pulmonary structures. Activation and deepening of lipid peroxidation  processes, which play an important role in the progression of pathology, promote toxic effects of metabolites onto the myocardium, bronchial wall and aggravate ischemic changes. Chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are quite prevalent among employees at the machine-building industry due to occupational environment. Materials and methods. The study included 66 machine-building industry employees with chronic bronchitis: 34 of them working at places harmful to their health make up the main group of patients, and 32 patients, who are not exposed to any occupational harm, make up the control group). Among 66 surveyed women, 34 and 32 men and 64 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease I and II classes. 33 of the employees working at the places with unfavourable conditions make up the main group of patients, and 31 patients are not being exposed to occupational harm (control group). 66 subjects involved into the study include 33 women and 31 men. All the subjects were compared with the group of comparison made up of 31 healthy individuals. The average age of the subjects was 48.0 ± 2.5 years, the average length of their employment was 15.8 ± 3.2 years. The study was carried out at the Municipal Clinical Hospital №1 in Poltava. Results. The main pathogenetic feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease demonstrated by the patients is the more pronounced intensity of the inflammatory process in the bronchopulmonary apparatus that is manifested by more marked changes in different organs and systems. Harmful occupational factors have been found out to produce adverse effect on the cardiovascular system: the patients with chronic bronchitis are found out to have atrial fibrillation (15.8%), and the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have premature heartbeats (30.3%) and signs of overload of the right heart chambers (42.4%). The effect of harmful factors onto the patients with chronic bronchitis led to more serious disorders in the state of lipid metabolism and lipid peroxidation that was manifested by the significant increase in the blood serum content of β-lipoproteins, malonic dialdehyde and ceruloplasmin by 6.3% ± 0.41%, 12,66 ± 0.83% and 12,0% respectively, compared to the patients who worked in healthier occupational environment. The patients with chronic bronchitis working at various places did not differ in catalase activity, but differed in the content of ceruloplasmin (the employees working in harmful conditions its content was higher by 12.0%). In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the effect of harmful occupational factors contributed to the activation of lipid peroxidation in the form of a significant increase in serum β-lipoprotein content by 6.45 ± 0.63%, as well as increase in the level of spontaneous erythrocyte haemolysis by 20.35 ± 1.8% and malonic dialdehyde by 10.11 ± 0.47 % compared to the employees working in the healthy occupational environment. Disturbance of antioxidant supply in these patients were manifested by reduced catalase activity by 20.74 ± 1.39% and increased content of ceruloplasmin, by 14, 32 ± 0.84% ​​compared with those working in the safe environment. In general, both in chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the effect of occupational harmful factors has contributed to the additional activation of lipid peroxidation and the reduction of the body antioxidant provision, more pronounced in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conclusions. Thus, the influence of occupational harmful factors leads to a more severe clinical course of chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease accompanied by more pronounced disorders of free-radical lipid oxidation, which adversely affect the cardiovascular system.

scholarly journals The characteristics of the frequent exacerbator with chronic bronchitis phenotype and non-exacerbator phenotype in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis and system review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Wu ◽  
Hong-ri Xu ◽  
Ying-xue Zhang ◽  
Yi-xuan Li ◽  
Hui-yong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Abstract Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics between the frequent exacerbator with chronic bronchitis (FE-CB) phenotype and the non-exacerbator (NE) phenotype among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: We searched CNKI, Wan fang, Chongqing VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases for relevant studies published as of April 30, 2019. All studies that investigated COPD patients with the FE-CB and NE phenotypes and which qualified the inclusion criteria were included. Cross-Sectional/Prevalence Study Quality recommendations were used to measure methodological quality. RevMan5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results: Ten case-control studies (n=8848) were included. Compared with the NE phenotype, patients with the FE-CB phenotype showed significantly lower forced vital capacity percent predicted (FVC%pred) [mean difference (MD) -6.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) -7.73–-5.65, P<0.001, I2=5%], forced expiratory volume in one second percent predicted (FEV1%pred) (MD -8.50, 95% CI -11.36–-5.65, P<0.001, I2=91%), and forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) (MD -3.76, 95% CI -4.58–-2.95,P<0.001, I2=0%); in contrast, the quantity of cigarettes smoked (pack-years) (MD 3.09, 95% CI 1.60–4.58, P<0.001, I2=41%), COPD assessment test (CAT) score (MD 5.61, 95% CI 4.62–6.60, P<0.001, I2=80%), modified Medical British Research Council (mMRC) score (MD 0.72, 95% CI 0.63–0.82, P<0.001, I2=57%), exacerbations in previous year (2.65, 95% CI 2.32–2.97, P<0.001, I2=91%), body mass index (BMI), obstruction, dyspnea, exacerbations (BODEx) (MD 1.78, 95% CI 1.28–2.28, P<0.001, I2=91%), I2=34%), and Charlson comorbidity index (MD 0.47, 95% CI 0.37–0.58, P<0.001, I2=0] were significantly higher in patients with FE-CB phenotype. No significant between-group difference was observed with respect to BMI (MD-0.14, 95% CI -0.70–0.42, P=0.62, I2=75%). Conclusion: COPD patients with the FE-CB phenotype had poorer pulmonary function and higher CAT score, the quantity of cigarettes smoked (pack-years), frequency of acute exacerbations, and mMRC scores than those with the NE phenotype.

scholarly journals Pedometers to enhance physical activity in COPD: a randomised controlled trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mendoza ◽  
Paula Horta ◽  
José Espinoza ◽  
Miguel Aguilera ◽  
Nicolás Balmaceda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Physical inactivity is a cardinal feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Pedometers, which have been used in healthy populations, might also increase physical activity in patients with COPD.COPD patients taking part in a 3-month individualised programme to promote an increase in their daily physical activity were randomised to either a standard programme of physical activity encouragement alone, or a pedometer-based programme. Assessments were performed by investigators blinded to treatment allocation. Change in average 1-week daily step count, 6-min walking distance (6MWD), modified Medical Research Council scale, St George’s respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) and COPD assessment test (CAT) were compared between groups.102 patients were recruited, of whom 97 completed the programme (pedometer group: n=50; control group: n=47); 60.8% were male with a mean±sd age of 68.7±8.5 years, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) 66.1±19.4% and FEV1/forced vital capacity 55.2±9.5%. Both groups had comparable characteristics at baseline. The pedometer group had significantly greater improvements in: physical activity 3080±3254 steps·day−1versus 138.3±1950 steps·day−1 (p<0.001); SGRQ −8.8±12.2 versus −3.8±10.9 (p=0.01); CAT score −3.5±5.5 versus −0.6±6.6 (p=0.001); and 6MWD 12.4±34.6 versus −0.7±24.4 m (p=0.02) than patients receiving activity encouragement only.A simple physical activity enhancement programme using pedometers can effectively improve physical activity level and quality of life in COPD patients.

scholarly journals Pulmonary impairment after tuberculosis in a South African population

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gibwa Cole ◽  
Duncan Miller ◽  
Tasneem Ebrahim ◽  
Tannith Dreyden ◽  
Rory Simpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
South African ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Predicted Values

Background: In South Africa, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a problem of epidemic proportions. Despite evidence demonstrating persistent lung impairment after PTB cure, few population-based South African studies have investigated this finding. Pulmonary rehabilitation post-cure is not routinely received.Objectives: To determine the effects of PTB on lung function in adults with current or past PTB. To determine any association between PTB and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: This study was observational and cross-sectional in design. Participants (n = 55) were included if they were HIV positive on treatment, had current PTB and were on treatment, and/or had previous PTB and completed treatment or if they were healthy adult subjects with no history of PTB. A sample of convenience was used with participants coming from a similar socio-economic background and undergoing spirometry testing. Multiple regression analyses were conducted on each lung function variable.Results: Compared to normal percentage-predicted values, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1 ), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1 :FVC were significantly reduced in those with current PTB by 23.39%, 15.99% and 6.4%, respectively. Both FEV1 and FVC were significantly reduced in those with past PTB by 11.76% and 10.79%, respectively. There was no association between PTB and COPD – those with previous PTB having a reduced FEV1 :FVC (4.88% less than the norm), which was just short of significance (p = 0.059).Conclusions: Lung function is reduced both during and after treatment for PTB and these deficits may persist. This has implications regarding the need for pulmonary rehabilitation even after medical cure.Keywords: Lung function, pulmonary, tuberculosis

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