scholarly journals Comparative analysis of psychopathological consequences of maladaptation and post-traumatic syndrome in participants of military actions with eyes injury and partial loss of vision

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2 (99)) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Rostislav Abdryahymov ◽  
Marianna Markova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Additional Stress ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Psychological Measures ◽  
Loss Of Vision ◽  
Psychological Behavior ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Ptsd Scale ◽  
Post Stress

Comparative analysis of psychopathological consequences of maladaptation and post-traumatic syndrome in participants of military actions with eyes injury and partial loss of vision The aim of this work was a comparative study of the phenomenology of psychopathological response manifestations as psychological disadaptation or post-traumatic syndrome in participants of military actions with eyes injury and partial loss of vision, in order to further determine the targets for medical and psychological measures for their rehabilitation. During 2014—2018 years 191 participants of military actions (PMA) aged 20—53 years were examined. As a comparison group, the study included 59 men with partial loss of vision (PLV) due to household injuries. All respondents were screened for a mental condition using a clinical diagnostic scale CAPS (Clinical-administered PTSD Scale), a questionnaire for determining the level of neuroticism and psychopathisation, consulted by a psychiatrist and a psychodiagnostic study was carried out. The study showed that in PMA with manifestations of psychological disadaptation, the analysis of the signs of the factor “Phenomenology of Signs of Psychological Disadaptation” showed the presence of its diff use manifestations. They mainly reflect the variants of its development and in content demonstrate the lack of individual skills of adequate psychological behavior on change the external environment. The analysis of factor components “Phenomenology of Psychopathological Response to Eyes Injuries on the Background of Psychological Disadaptation” in PMA with PLV showed a decrease in the manifestations and relevance of symptoms of disadaptation against the background of injury, in addition to emotional and behavioral shifts. The level of somatic manifestations of psychopathological response indicates the beginning of the formation of neurotic disorders on the basis of symptoms of disadaptation and available eyes injuries. The analysis of factor “Phenomenology of Manifestations of Post-traumatic Syndrome” in PMA has shown that its manifestations become the basis for the formation of selective neurotic syndromes. The content of these are the factors that have caused the emergence of constant stress in the form of post-stress pathological response. In PMA with PLV on the background of the manifestations of post-traumatic syndrome, the factor “Phenomenology of Psychopathological Response to Eyes Injury on the Background of Manifestations of Post-traumatic Syndrome” indicates the processes of formation of neurotic symptomatology on the background of eyes injury. The basis is individual manifestations of post-traumatic syndrome, which is intensifi ed under the infl uence of additional stress as a result of eyes injury. The obtained results will be taken into account when creating specialized highly-target approaches to medical and psychological rehabilitation for this contingent. Key words: post-traumatic syndrome, psychological disadaptation, clinical symptomato logy, stress, eyes injury, military actions.

scholarly journals Rationale, content, efficacy of psycho-correction of post-traumatic syndrome in combatants with partial vision loss due to combat trauma

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
R. Abdryahymov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Eye Injury ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Loss Of Vision ◽  
Post Traumatic

With informed consent, 100 combatants were surveyed. Of these, 54 participants with eye injury and partial loss of vision due to participation in hostilities with clinical manifestations of post-traumatic syndrome; comparison group - 46 combatants with clinical manifestations of post-traumatic syndrome. All respondents were screened for a mental condition using the clinical diagnostic scale CAPS (Clinical-administered PTSD Scale), a neurotic and psychopathic level determination questionnaire (HNP), Diagnostics of Hayma’s Coping Strategies, Psychological Protection of Plutchik-Kellermann-Conte, WHO WHOQOL-100 quality of life questionnaire, Rosenzweig's test of frustration reactions (adult version) modified by P.V. Tarabry. Upon completion of the survey, psychocorrectional measures were conducted with participants of the main group for 60 days. Methods of psychoeducation, cognitive-behavioral, personality-oriented, rational, suggestive psychotherapy, psychological self-regulation were used. The results of psychocorrection were assessed according to the dynamics of the significance of clinical manifestations and these methods. The application of a system of psychocorrectional measures to participants with an eye injury and partial loss of vision with clinical manifestations of post-traumatic syndrome allows to achieve neutralization or significant improvement in their mental state. This is confirmed by changes in the indicator indicators of the relevance of manifestations of somatic injury with clinical symptoms of post-traumatic syndrome, coping strategies and the structure of psychological protection, frustration response and level of assessment of quality of life. The changes achieved in the process of psychocorrection were significantly significant compared with the participants who are characterized by manifestations of post-traumatic syndrome without an eye injury. Changes achieved using psychocorrection did not reach for some indicators of the normative levels. This indicates the presence of manifestations associated with the consequences of somatic trauma and for their correction, the restructuring of life experience in the face of changes in personal capabilities is necessary.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of frosting response in participants of martial actions with clinical manifestations of post-traumatic syndrome and partial loss of vision

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Eye Injury ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Loss Of Vision ◽  
Eye Trauma ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Individual

In the study of frustration reactions and stress tolerance in combatants with eye trauma and partial loss of vision against the background of clinical manifestations of posttraumatic syndrome (54 people), significant differences were found between those who took part in combat actions from clinical manifestations of post-traumatic syndrome without injury (46 people) and a group of patients having a domestic injury of the organs of vision with partial loss of it (59 people). Combatants demonstrated an extrapunitive response direction and a necessary recalcitrant type of reaction. In second place is their ego-defensive type of reaction. The presence of depressive, asthenic and aggressive response options. In the group with no injury, extrapunitive direction was observed more often. In the domestic character of damage, these indicators were significantly lower and approached the standard level. Participants in hostilities experienced varying levels of stress tolerance, depending on the methodology, and low levels in the case of domestic trauma. Comparison of the presence and relevance of frustrating and stressful factors showed their greater frequency and significance among combatants with and without injury. Thus, participants in combat operations with an eye injury with partial loss of vision and without it and the clinical manifestations of the post-traumatic syndrome are unidirectional and more pronounced with eye injury changes. With a domestic injury, they are much lower. This indicates the significant role of clinical manifestations of posttraumatic syndrome in the occurrence of mental disorders. This suggests the possibility of including in the action methods of psychological protection of the individual and adaptation to the presence of stress-frustration.

scholarly journals Psycho-correction of post-stress psychologic maladaptation in combatants with vision injuries: rationale, content, effectiveness

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
R. A. Abdriahimov
Keyword(s):  
Vision Loss ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Combat Trauma ◽  
Eye Injuries ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Loss Of Vision ◽  
Eye Trauma ◽  
Corrective Measures ◽  
The Face ◽  
Post Stress

Background. Frequency eye injuries occupy a significant place in the structure of modern combat trauma. In a situation of partial loss of vision due to injury in battle, there is an effect on the mental sphere of several powerful stressful factors that affect the formation of specific manifestations of post-stress psychological maladaptation. Objective – to develop and determine the effectiveness of a short-term program of psycho-corrective measures in the system of medical and psychological support of combatants with eye trauma and partial vision loss in conjunction with post-stress psychological maladaptation (PPM). Materials and methods. With informed consent, 91 combatants were surveyed. Of these, 49 were with eye trauma and partial vision loss with PPD; 42 – PPM phenomena. We used such research methods as clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic, psychometric and statistical. Results. The study found that the application of the developed program of psycho-corrective measures to participants with eye trauma and partial loss of vision against the background of PPM phenomena can achieve a significant improvement in their mental status. This is confirmed by changes in the indicator indicators of the relevance of manifestations of maladaptation, coping strategies and the structure of psychological protection, frustration response and the level of quality of life. Conclusions. The changes achieved in the process of psychocorrection in participants with eye trauma and partial loss of vision against the background of PPM phenomena were significantly significant compared with the participants, who are characterized by manifestations of PPM without an eye injury. Changes achieved by the use of psychocorrection did not reach for some indicators of the normative levels. This indicates the presence of manifestations associated with the consequences of somatic trauma and for their correction, the restructuring of life experience in the face of changes in personal capabilities is necessary.

scholarly journals Posttraumatic Growth through Quran and Sunna: Islamic Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Anjum Masoodi ◽  
Prof. Shahina Maqbool
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
The People ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Post Traumatic

There has been a worrying trend in Kashmir i.e. the growth of posttraumatic stress disorder, a mental condition which is affecting people for more than two decades. The continuous political uncertainty, insecurity from armed forces; natural calamities are the contributory factors.  And it is found that Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is on the rise in Kashmir Valley after the worst ever floods hit the state few months back. Psychiatrists in Srinagar opine that there has been a remarkable increase in the number of patients who were suffering from “early symptoms” of PTSD.  Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is a condition that develops after an individual expose through a terrifying ordeal that involves physical harm or the threat of a physical harm. The condition develops amongst the people who may have gone through some physical harm or might have witnessed their loved ones or the people around them being harmed. The trauma affects people in three ways: negative, neutral and positive. Under the positive category, the affected person somehow gets encouraged and takes up challenges. Their condition does not make any difference to them. Highly stressful events or major life traumas (such as serious illness, road traffic accident, death of a relative or loved one, unemployment, divorce, etc.) can lead to a variety of  behavioral, psychological and emotional negative outcomes to the disruptive and aversive conditions (Taku, Cann, Tedeschi, & Calhoun, 2009). The positive side of the trauma is that it also leads to growth. This phenomenon has been recognized as a distinct construct – posttraumatic growth (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996), implying ‘‘positive psychological change experienced as a result of the struggle with highly challenging life circumstances’’ (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 2004, p. 1). Positive change has been noted in the literature by various authors and referred to in diverse terms – among others, benefit-finding (Affleck & Tennen, 1996), stress-related growth (Park, Cohen, & Murch, 1996), adversarial growth (Linley & Joseph, 2004), flourishing (Ryff & Singer, 1998), and thriving (O’Leary & Ickovics, 1995).  The main objective of the paper is to discuss the role of Islam with special reference to Qur’an and Sunna in posttraumatic Growth among violence victims in Kashmir valley India. Islamic practices such as prayer and listening Qur’an plays important role in coping with traumatic disorders. Islamic values and beliefs can be beneficial in overcoming traumatic life events and seeking posttraumatic Growth. The Holy Qur’an teaches us “The truly righteous — are those who endure with fortitude misfortune, hardship and peril. That is, who are patient in poverty and affliction, and in time of war” (2:178).

scholarly journals Features of psychosocial functioning of combatants and their wives from different classes marital relationship satisfaction

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Marital Relations ◽  
Psychic Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Post Stress

One hundred combatants’ families were surveyed in order to identify the features of psychosocial functioning of the demobilized combatants and their wives and to compare them with the satisfaction of the respondents’ marital relations, to determine the possible sources of maintaining the balances family interaction and objectives for further psycho-corrective work. It was found that despite that all the examined men had previous psychotraumatic experience, and most of them had psychic disorders of post-traumatic content, caused by the post-stress response, the married couples who were satisfied with their family relationship (28%) showed the success of psychosocial functioning by all the investigated criteria (problems with social functioning, social and psychological adaptation, quality of life) as compared to those married couples who were dissatisfied with marital relationships (72%). The obtained data will become the basis for the development of a complex of means of psycho correction and psychological support for the combatants’ families.

scholarly journals Hardiness and Resilience Versus Personality Work in Visually Impaired

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Olga Kvasova ◽  
Olga Savina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Trauma Research ◽  
Loss Of Vision ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Family Breakdown

Personality, trauma, research last 20 years showed that people in crisis are not only injured, suffering, but able to resist, withstand also solves life problems: not only adapt, but take courage to overcome difficulties, to love, to work, to construct, to let personality grow? Theoretically described in activity-meaning approach, focusing on positive aspects of extreme situation and meaning personality work with a traumatic experience (M. Magomed-Eminov, 1990, 2009) so that demonstrate resilience, coping, overcoming and hardiness. The study was aimed at identifying resistance in extreme situations by the comparative analysis of discourses of people with normal vision and impaired people with its various etiologies (blind from birth and have lost their vision due to injury). We tested manifestation of resistance in people with visual impairment (congenital or acquired as a result of injury), and sighted by a "Test of hardiness" (S. Maddi) and developed life situation interview. The sample (90 people) of three groups: 1) with intact vision, 2) loss of vision due to trauma, 3) with congenital visual impairment. The overall level of viability, control and risk taking). The third group demonstrated the highest score of hardiness. Comparative analysis showed statistically significant differences in these parameters between people with congenital impairment and two other groups, differences between people who lost vision due to trauma, and sighted are not significant. Qualitative analysis of crises experience showed that in traumatic loss the fact of blindness becomes one of the central problems in life experience and possibility of positive transformation and integration is less probable because loss of vision “completely changed their lives, former life meaning”. People with congenital visual impairment, showing similarities with sighted in allocation of types of loss and crisis situations (loss of a loved one, family breakdown, etc. ), but in description of effects and what they do with experience - more active and positive view on situation, future perspective and own efforts to overcome difficulties, to care of others, fulfill personality work which actually makes it possible to transform the hardiness into resilience, positive outcome of the disaster.

Coping with the Stress of Immigration among New Immigrants to Israel from Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Who Were Exposed to Chernobyl: The Effect of Age

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Cwikel ◽  
U. Rozovski
Keyword(s):  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Commonwealth Of Independent States ◽  
Psychological Measures ◽  
Older Immigrants ◽  
Plant Site ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Effect Of Age

This study examined the differential effect of age on coping and psychological measures among immigrants from Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) to Israel. Some of these immigrants originated in the Republics adjacent to the Chernobyl Power Plant, site of the 1986 accident. The sample consisted of 708 immigrants who were interviewed between the years 1993–1995 with an average age of 47.5 ( sd 11.8). This sample was reinterviewed approximately a year and three months later ( n = 520). The sample included two exposure groups—high exposed and low exposed based on the estimated levels of ground cesium contamination from the IAEA maps and a comparison group matched by age, gender, and year of immigration. Those over the age of sixty-five were disadvantaged, compared to those aged fifty to sixty-four, and younger, when it came to the tasks of immigrant absorption; learning the language, working and acquiring an income, and establishing alternative social networks which could offer support in times of illness. The psychological variables showed that over time, somatization, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms related to Chernobyl improved, however at a much slower pace for older immigrants (aged 55 and over) compared to younger ones.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Pathobiochemical Changes in Major Depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 729-736
Author(s):  
Konstantin N. Stupin ◽  
Mikhail Y. Zenko ◽  
Elena A. Rybnikova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
The Body ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Significant Similarity ◽  
Neuroendocrine Mechanisms ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Comparative analysis of available literature data on the pathogenetic neuroendocrine mechanisms of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is provided in this review to identify their common features and differences. We discuss the multidirectional modifications of the activity of cortical and subcortical structures of the brain, levels of neurotransmitters and their receptors, and functions of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in depression and PTSD. The analysis shows that these disorders are examples of opposite failures in the system of adaptive stress response of the body to stressful psychotraumatic events. On this basis, it is concluded that the currently widespread use of similar approaches to treat these disorders is not justified, despite the significant similarity of their anxiety-depressive symptoms; development of differential therapeutic strategies is required.

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