Heterosis in relation to genetic divergence in short duration maize (Zea mays L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Bal Krishna ◽  
Birender Singh ◽  
Shyam Sundar Mandal ◽  
Rashmi Kumari ◽  
Tushar Ranjan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Linear Regressions

Thirteen lines and three testers were used to produce 39 single cross maize hybrids by line Ítester mating design. The genetic divergence among thirteen lines and three tester of maize were estimated by using Mahalanobis D2 statistic for twelve characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. Cluster I comprised 12 parental genotypes (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5; L6, L7, L8, L9, L11; L12, L13), while Cluster II (T3), III (T1), IV (L10) and V (T2) were mono-genotypic, suggesting more variability in genetic makeup of the genotypes included in these clusters. The correlation coefficients and linear regressions were used to know the effects of parental genetic distance in determining heterosis and per se performance of the hybrids. Parental genetic distance exhibited significant negative association and significant linear regression along with very low coefficient of determination with better parent heterosis (BPH) and non-significant with per se performance of the hybrids. The present investigation, therefore, the parental genetic distance has significant role in determining heterosis and hybrid performance in kharif maize.

scholarly journals The role of genotypes on phosphorus, zinc, manganese and iron status and their relations in leaves of maize on hydromorphic soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 535-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kovačević ◽  
I. Brkić ◽  
D. Šimić ◽  
G. Bukvić ◽  
M. Rastija
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Hydromorphic Soil ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
High Repeatability ◽  
Nutritional Imbalance

Hydromorphy is a major soil fertility constraint in Europe and North America causing specific nutritional imbalance in soils and crops. The objectives of this study were to examine the differences among maize hybrids in phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) status in leaves, and to investigate the interrelationship among these micronutrients as well as the interrelationship between Zn and P on hydromorphic soil in Eastern Croatia. Twenty maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids were grown under field conditions of Eastern Croatia in a period of two years. Considerable differences in mean ear-leaf Zn, Mn and Fe contents at silking stage were found ranging from 16.3 to 30.0 mg/kg for Zn, from 28.5 to 62.2 mg/kg for Mn and from 137 to 222 mg/kg for Fe content. Mean ratios among nutrients were at acceptable levels: 146 (P:Zn), 7.6 (Fe:Zn) and 3.72 (Fe:Mn). Differences among the hybrids ranged from 95.1 to 210.4 (P:Zn), from 5.3 to 10.4 (Fe:Zn) and from 2.4 to 5.79 (Fe:Mn). Maize hybrids which have higher P:Zn is less acceptable for growing on soils which are either rich in P or moderate in available Zn. Highly significant correlation coefficients between years for mineral content (0.696 for Zn, 0.586 for Mn and 0.525 for Fe) indicated high repeatability estimates within genotypes across the seasons and importance of heredity for nutritional status.

EFFECTS OF POPULATION DENSITY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INBRED AND SINGLE CROSS YIELD PERFORMANCE OF CORN

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. MAJOR ◽  
R. B. HUNTER ◽  
L. W. KANNENBERG ◽  
J. W. TANNER
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
The Relationship

Grain yields over a wide range of plant populations were determined for 13 inbred lines of corn (Zea mays L.) in 1969 and 1970 and for 44 of the possible 78 single crosses in 1970. In addition, the grain yield of the single crosses between the 13 inbred lines was determined in 1969 and 1970 at 52,000 plants/ha. The correlation coefficients between actual single cross grain yields and computed midparent values varied according to population density, but no advantage was shown for growing inbreds at higher than conventional populations.

POTENTIAL USE OF STALK pH AND STALK PERCENT DRY MATTER AS ESTIMATORS OF LODGING SUSCEPTIBILITY IN CORN

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-564
Author(s):  
J. F. MULDOON ◽  
T. B. DAYNARD ◽  
W. C. LEASK ◽  
M. S. ZUBER
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crushing Strength ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Potential Use

Fourteen corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids were grown at three locations in 1973 and one location in 1975 to study relationships between stalk pH, percent stalk dry matter (SDM), and percent broken stalks (PBS). The three traits were measured at weekly intervals for 4 or 5 wk encompassing grain physiological maturity in the tests of 1973, and on one date, near maturity, in 1975. Measurements of stalk crushing strength, rind thickness, and dry weight of 5-cm stalk sections were also obtained in 1975. In addition, records of PBS were available for the 14 hybrids from 12 tests grown over 4 yr prior to 1973. All measurements of PBS were transformed as log10 (x + 1) prior to statistical analysis; measurements of PBS, pH and SDM were adjusted by covariance to a common percent grain moisture. Measurements of stalk pH were not consistently related across the 14 hybrids to long-term measurements of PBS. Linear correlation coefficients between SDM and PBS were more consistent (i.e., usually positive) but were generally not statistically significant. Measurements of crushing strength, rind thickness and dry weight of 5-cm stalk sections for the 14 hybrids were not correlated with the 12-test means of PBS. In fact, none of the analytical measurements were as useful as measurements of PBS per se, recorded for individual tests in 1973 and 1975, in predicting hybrid differences in PBS as measured in the 12 tests prior to 1973.Key words: Corn, lodging, stalk pH, stalk dry matter

scholarly journals Stability and genetic divergence study of single cross hybrids in maize (Zea mays L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (31) ◽  
pp. 3080-3085
Author(s):  
Singh Praveen ◽  
K Salgotra S ◽  
K Singh A ◽  
Sharma M ◽  
Gupta A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

scholarly journals SEGREGATION OF THE RR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND AGRONOMICAL VARIABLES IN SINGLE-CROSS, DOUBLE-CROSS, AND F2 HYBRIDS OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 338-349
Author(s):  
Guilherme Gallas Salvalaggio ◽  
Eduardo Franz Berkenbrock ◽  
Jhonatan Rafael Wendling Hartmann Hister ◽  
Eliane Cristina Gruszka Vendruscolo ◽  
Hendrel Vinícius Richter Assis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Double Cross

The present work evaluated the segregation of the RR-biotechnology and the agronomic performance of maize hybrids originated from three seed categories: single-cross commercial hybrids, double-cross hybrids, and saved seeds (F2 population). The experiment was set up in the field, within a producing area used for market purposes, in São Miguel do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. The research followed a randomized block design with four repetitions. We investigated the following treatments: saved seeds/F2 population (MG 580 PW, MG 30A37 PW, MG 600 PW, and MG 545 PW), seeds of single-cross commercial hybrids (MG 580 PW, MG 30A37 PW, AS 1777 PRO3, AG 9000 PRO3, and DKB 290 PRO3) and home-bred seeds/double-cross hybrids (DKB 290 PRO3 x MG 30A37 PW, DKB 290 PRO3 x DKB 285 PEO3, DKB 290 PRO3 x DOW 2B587 PW, and DKB 290 PRO3 x MG 600 PW). The study considered agronomical characters, as well as the segregation of the RR-biotechnology. The hybrids MG 580 PW and DKB 290 PRO3 were the most productive ones, yielding 9,244.31 and 9,151.84 kg ha-1, respectively. The groups formed by double-cross and F2-population hybrids had the highest average values of RR-biotechnology segregation (20.5% and 13%, respectively). The group of commercial hybrids proved to be superior to the others in all variables appraised, and they also did not show segregation of the RR-biotechnology. The principal component analysis made it possible to sort the three categories of seeds. In conclusion, despite the high cost, the commercial seeds stood out showing the best cost-benefit for maize crops.

scholarly journals Relationship between genetic distance, specific combining abilities and heterosis in maize (Zea mays L.)

Genetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovan Pavlov ◽  
Nenad Delic ◽  
Tomislav Zivanovic ◽  
Danijela Ristic ◽  
Zoran Camdzija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
A Value ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Similar Genetic Background ◽  
Parental Lines

Six maize inbred lines for which we assumed that have a similar genetic background were selected for the study. Inbred lines were crossed according to incomplete diallel design and fifteen hybrid combinations were obtained. Hybrid combinations and their parental lines were used in our study. The objective of the study was to examine genetic polymorphism of parental lines, as well as to determine relationships between SSR genetic distance and values of high parent heterosis and specific combining abilities for grain yield. By using 19 SSR primers we classified inbred lines in two groups. First cluster consists of inbred lines L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5, while inbred line L6 formed second cluster, indicating different heterotic background in comparison to the other five inbred lines. The Spearman?s correlation coefficients between SSR based genetic distance and specific combining abilities for grain yield had a value of (r=0,53*), while positive correlation were also found between genetic distance and high parent heterosis (r=0,57*).

GENETIC DIVERGENCE IN BABUL (ACACIA NILOTIKA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUDHANSHU SHEKHAR ◽  
V.P. DWIVEDI ◽  
N.K. SRIVASTAVA
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Hybridization Programme

Genetic divergence of Babul (Acacia nilotica) was assessed using Mahalanobis 0 statistics. They were grouped into eight clusters. Maximum genetic distance was recorded between III & VIII ciusters indicating greater distance between two clusters that showed maximum diversity amount the genotype and helps in hybridization programme.

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