scholarly journals Analytical Comparison between the Speed of Screw and Crank-Rocker BasedPick and Place Mechanisms for Seedling Tray Seeding Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 108-118
Author(s):  
Tukur D. Abdulkadir ◽  
Muhammad R. Mahadi ◽  
Aimrun Wayayok ◽  
Muhamad S.M. Kassim
Keyword(s):  
Initial Position ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Analytical Comparison ◽  
Pick And Place ◽  
Rice Intensification ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Better Than

In this study the operational speed of screw based pick and place mechanism was compared with that of a crank-rocker based pick and place mechanism analytically for the design of a seeding machine for system of rice intensification (SRI) seedling tray. The configurations of the two types of mechanisms were generated based on their positions relative to a seedling tray conveyor, seed container and size of seeding manifold. The screw based mechanism consists of a vertical screw to which the seeding manifold was mounted and a horizontal screw to which the vertical mechanism was mounted. The vertical screw bearing the seeding manifold reciprocates down to pick seeds from seed container and back to the initial position. The horizontal screw translates horizontally to deliver the vertical screw bearing the seeding manifold to the seedling tray on the conveyor. The crank-rocker based mechanism consists of a pair of crank-rocker carrying a seeding manifold in between them. The mechanism rotates clock wise to pick seed and counter clock wise to drop the seed on the seedling tray. The time required for a complete pick and place circle was computed for both mechanisms using basic mechanics principles. Crank-rocker mechanism with a theoretical pick and place period of 1 second was found to be better than the screw based mechanism with 78.8 second per pick and place circle.

scholarly journals Analytical Comparison between the Speed of Screw and Crank-Rocker Based Pick and Place Mechanisms for Seedling Tray Seeding Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 138-148
Author(s):  
Tukur D. Abdulkadir ◽  
Muhammad R. Mahadi ◽  
Aimrun Wayayok ◽  
Muhamad S. M. Kassim
Keyword(s):  
Initial Position ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Analytical Comparison ◽  
Pick And Place ◽  
Rice Intensification ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Better Than

In this study the operational speed of screw based pick and place mechanism was compared with that of a crank-rocker based pick and place mechanism analytically for the design of a seeding machine for system of rice intensification (SRI) seedling tray. The configurations of the two types of mechanisms were generated based on their positions relative to a seedling tray conveyor and size of seeding manifold. The screw based mechanism consists of a vertical screw to which the seeding manifold was mounted and a horizontal screw to which the vertical mechanism was mounted. The vertical screw bearing the seeding manifold reciprocates down to pick seeds from seed container and back to the initial position. The horizontal screw translates horizontally to deliver the vertical screw bearing the seeding manifold to the seedling tray on the conveyor. The crank-rocker based mechanism consists of a pair of crank-rocker carrying a seeding manifold in between them. The mechanism rotates clock wise to pick seed and counter clock wise to drop the seed on the seedling tray. The time required for a complete pick and place circle was computed for both mechanisms using basic mechanics principles. Crank-rocker mechanism with a theoretical pick and place period of 1 second was found to be better than the screw based mechanism with 78.8 second per pick and place circle.

scholarly journals Comparative Performance of System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and Conventional Methods of Rice Cultivation in Gopalganj District of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Md. Robiul Islam Akondo ◽  
Md. Belal Hossain ◽  
Sayed Eshtiak Akter ◽  
Md. Morshedul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Dry Matter Partitioning ◽  
Cultivation Method ◽  
Seedling Age ◽  
Rice Intensification ◽  
Better Than

An experiment was conducted at BINA sub-station, Gopalganj during Aus season in 2019-20 to compare the performance between System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and conventional rice cultivation methods. In this experiment the treatments were system of rice intensification (SRI) and conventional method of rice cultivation and the test crop was Binadhan-14. In SRI method (A10S2M) seedling age (A) was 10 days, no. of seedlings/hill (S) was 2 and irrigated condition was moist (M).  In conventional method (A25S3F) seedling age (A) was 25 days, no. of seedlings/hill (S) was 3 and irrigated condition was flooded (F). In terms of plant height, tillers/hill and dry matter partitioning SRI performed better than the conventional method of rice cultivation. SRI showed better performance in terms of yield contributing characters than conventional cultivation method. SRI showed the highest yield (7 t/ha) than conventional (6.67 t/ha) cultivation method.

NGHIÊN CỨU ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA PHÂN HỮU CƠ BOKASHI THAN ĐẾN SINH TRƯỞNG PHÁT TRIỂN VÀ NĂNG SUẤT GIỐNG LÚA H1 TRONG VỤ ĐÔNG XUÂN TẠI THỪA THIÊN HUẾ

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trần Minh Quang
Keyword(s):  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Rice Intensification

Mục đích chính của nghiên cứu này là xác định được lượng phân bón Bokashi than thích hợp nhất đối với giống lúa H1 theo phương thức thâm canh lúa cải tiến SRI (System of Rice Intensification) góp phần đưa ra quy trình thâm canh giống lúa H1 ở Thừa Thiên Huế. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy trong điều kiện vụ Đông Xuân ở Thừa Thiên Huế giống lúa H1 sinh trưởng phát triển tốt, mang lại hiệu quả cao nhất khi sử dụng mức 5 tấn phân hữu cơ Bokashi than/ha. Khi bón ở mức này đã tăng khả năng cải thiện tính chất đất ở cả 3 mặt: lý tính, hóa tính và sinh tính.

INFLUENCE OF THE SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION ON RICE YIELD AND NITROGEN AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY WITH DIFFERENT N APPLICATION RATES

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIMEI ZHAO ◽  
LIANGHUAN WU ◽  
YONGSHAN LI ◽  
XINGHUA LU ◽  
DEFENG ZHU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
N Application ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Rice Intensification ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Rates ◽  
N Use

SUMMARYField experiments were conducted in 2005 and 2006 to investigate the impacts of alternative rice cultivation systems on grain yield, water productivity, N uptake and N use efficiency (ANUE, agronomic N use efficiency; PFP, partial factor productivity of applied N). The trials compared the practices used with the system of rice intensification (SRI) and traditional flooding (TF). The effects of different N application rates (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha−1) and of N rates interacting with the cultivation system were also evaluated. Resulting grain yields with SRI ranged from 5.6 to 7.3 t ha−1, and from 4.1 to 6.4 t ha−1 under TF management. On average, grain yields under SRI were 21% higher in 2005 and 22% higher in 2006 than with TF. Compared with TF, SRI plots had higher harvest index across four fertilizer N rates in both years. However, there was no significance difference in above-ground biomass between two cultivation systems in either year. ANUE was increased significantly under SRI at 80 kg N ha−1 compared with TF, while at higher N application rates, ANUE with SRI was significantly lower than TF. Compared with TF, PFP under SRI was higher across all four N rates in both years, although the difference at 240 kg N ha−1 was not significant. As N rate increased, the ANUE and PFP under both SRI and TF significantly decreased. Reduction in irrigation water use with SRI was 40% in 2005 and 47% in 2006, and water use efficiency, both total and from irrigation, were significantly increased compared to TF. With both SRI and TF, the highest N application was associated with decreases in grain yield, N use efficiency and water use efficiency. This is an important finding given current debates whether N application rates in China are above the optimum, especially considering consequences for soil and water resources. Cultivation system, N rates and their interactions all produced significant differences in this study. Results confirmed that optimizing fertilizer N application rates under SRI is important to increase yield, N use efficiency and water use efficiency.

Economical Aspects of Cutting Speed Selection When Turning Stepped Parts

1971 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 1113-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kops
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Turbine Disk ◽  
Constant Speed ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Propeller Shaft ◽  
Analytical Comparison ◽  
Speed Selection ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Speed Method

The concept is developed of analytical comparison between two methods of cutting speed selection when cutting stepped parts: the constant rpm method and constant cutting speed method. Formulas for cost and time of machining stepped parts are derived and analyzed for two different examples of stepped parts: short ones with large differences in diameters (turbine disk) and long ones with small differences in diameters (propeller shaft). The results presented in graphical form show the advisable operating regions for the use of one of the two methods considered. The effect of time required to change the rpm on the effectiveness of the constant speed method is examined and the limit of applicability is determined. It is found that a reduction of as much as 1/3 in cost and time may be obtained when the constant speed method is applied in the case of the turbine disk. It is noted also that the minimum-cost speed and minimum-time speed depend on the choice of the method and on the shape of the machined part as well. The conclusions set out the conditions under which the use of the constant cutting speed method is justified.

The effect of soil temperature and light on sprouting and rooting of root cuttings of hybrid aspen clones

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 2671-2678 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Stenvall ◽  
T Haapala ◽  
S Aarlahti ◽  
P Pulkkinen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Hybrid Aspen ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Dark Treatment ◽  
Sand Mixture ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Better Than

Root cuttings from five clones of hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. × Populus tremuloides Michx.) obtained from 2-year-old stock plants were grown in a peat–sand mixture (soil) at four soil temperatures (18, 22, 26, and 30 °C). Half of the cuttings were grown in light and the rest in darkness. The root cuttings that were grown at the highest soil temperature sprouted and rooted significantly better than the cuttings grown at the lower temperatures. Light did not affect the sprouting of root cuttings but did have a negative effect on their rooting. Moreover, the clones varied significantly in sprouting and rooting percentages, as well as in the time required for sprouting. In general, higher soil temperatures hastened sprouting of the cuttings. Sprouting was also faster in the light than in the dark treatment. Differences in soil temperature, light conditions, or clone had no significant effect on rooting time.

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