Congruency principles in word combination and lexicography

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Word Combination

Generalized Learning of Receptive and Expressive Action-Object Responses by Language-Delayed Preschoolers

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth A. Mineo ◽  
Howard Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Developmentally Delayed ◽  
Matrix Training ◽  
Lexical Knowledge ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Recombinative Generalization ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Expressive Performance ◽  
Preschool Boys ◽  
Linguistic Aspect ◽  
Multiple Probe

This study examined the effectiveness of matrix-training procedures in teaching action + object utterances in both the receptive and expressive language modalities. The subjects were 4 developmentally delayed preschool boys who failed to produce spontaneous, functional two-word utterances. A multiple baseline design across responses with a multiple probe technique was employed. Subjects were taught 4–6 of 48 receptive and 48 expressive responses. Acquisition of a word combination rule was facilitated by the use of familiar lexical items, whereas subsequent acquisition of new lexical knowledge was enhanced by couching training in a previously trained word combination pattern. Although receptive knowledge was not sufficient for the demonstration of corresponding expressive performance for most of the children, only minimal expressive training was required to achieve this objective. For most matrix items, subjects responded receptively before they did so expressively. For 2 subjects, when complete receptive recombinative generalization had not been achieved, expressive training facilitated receptive responding. The results of this study elucidate benefits to training one linguistic aspect (lexical item, word combination pattern) at a time to maximize generalization in developmentally delayed preschoolers.

scholarly journals Effects of orthography in the picture-word task: Evidence from Japanese scripts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra S. Dylman ◽  
Mariko Kikutani ◽  
Miho Sasaki ◽  
Christopher Barry
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Interference Effect ◽  
Distractor Word ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Semantic Interference ◽  
Facilitation Effect ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Word Task ◽  
Different Populations

AbstractThe picture-word task presents participants with a number of pictured objects together with a written distractor word superimposed upon each picture, and their task is to name the depicted object while ignoring the distractor word. Depending on the specific picture and word combination, various effects, including the identity facilitation effect (e.g., DOG + dog) and the semantic interference effect (e.g., GOAT + cow), are often observed. The response patterns of the picture-word task in terms of naming latencies reflect the mechanisms underlying lexical selection in speech production. Research using this method, however, has typically focused on alphabetic languages, or involved bilingual populations, making it difficult to specifically investigate orthographic effects in isolation. In this paper, we report five experiments investigating the role of orthography in the picture-word task by varying distractor script (using the multiscriptal language Japanese, and pseudohomophonic spellings in English) across three different populations (Japanese monolinguals, Japanese-English bilinguals, and English monolinguals), investigating both the identity facilitation effect and the semantic interference effect. The results generally show that the magnitude of facilitation is affected by orthography even within a single language. The findings and specific patterns of results are discussed in relation to current theories on speech production.

scholarly journals Towards Phraseologism Formation and Terminologization in Scientific and Technical Texts

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01028
Author(s):  
Darya A. Aripova ◽  
Irina S. Bashmakova
Keyword(s):  
Object Categorization ◽  
Lexical Unit ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
The Given

The given research deals with the problem of phraseologism formation and further terminologization of such word-combinations as: Dutch slice-hip roof, Dymaxion House, Inhoff tank, dragon summer, cyclopean concrete, dragon tie, horse shoe curve, double Roman tile, etc. It is noted that object categorization takes place in man’s consciousness. Once being used as a fixed word-combination in professional text, the lexical unit may preserve the formed holistic meaning and can be transferred to the category “phraseologism”. The three obligatory identification requirements for word-combination to be transferred to the category “phraseologism” have been defined. The phraseologism functions in the scientific and technical text have been determined.

scholarly journals The Concept of “New Life” as a Powerful Psycholinguistic Element in the Inaugural Addresses of the U.S. Presidents

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (33) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Maria Shutova ◽  
Svitlana Mudrynych
Keyword(s):  
Political Discourse ◽  
Political Language ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Inaugural Addresses ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
The Common ◽  
Special Approach ◽  
Ethnocultural Community ◽  
The U.S

The article deals with the concept of “new life” in the inaugural addresses of the U.S. presidents. A political language, as a reflection of people’s behavior in a certain ethnocultural community, is under the consideration. The investigation of political language caused the special approach to the analysis of lexical units that comprise the semantic group “novelty”. Based on this analysis a group of words that have the common sema “new” was singled out. The means of expressions and stylistic devices that presidents used to express the idea of “new life” were determined. The presidents make people believe in their ability to take new actions and change the situation, lead the nation to new, better life. Adjective “new” is often used by the presidents in context of the necessity to revitalize old values, to renew the nation spiritually. Analysis of inaugural address of American presidents showed that ideas of “new life” run through the entire speech of every president. In this article the role of the idea of “new life” in inaugural addresses of American presidents and means of its conveying has been studied. Model of a “new life” can be rather complex, needs more or less strong argumentation. The very word-combination the “better life” predetermines that this life should be different from the existing one, i.e. new. Thus concept of “new life” plays important role in political discourse. Consequently, our research may be understood not only as belonging to a narrow sphere of analysis of political discourse but to wider branch of science – linguistic political science.

scholarly journals Kategori Leksikal Idiom dalam Bahasa Lampung

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Sulistianah Sulistianah
Keyword(s):  
Word Class ◽  
Action Verb ◽  
Complex Word ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Idiomatic Expression ◽  
Category Word ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This research aimed to describe lexical category (word class) and meaning of idiom in Lampung language. Descriptive qualitative was used in this research. The findings showed that idiom in Lampung language could be in form of complex word, word combination, and idiomatic expression. There were two idioms in complex word namely penghenguk and pedatong . Idiom in form of word combination could be a combination of noun+noun, noun+adjective, noun+verb, verb+adjective and verb+verb. The conclusion of the research based on verb semantic attitude that was used in form of words combination like state verb and action verb Keywords: Lexical, idiom, Lampung language.

A Recurrent Word Combination Approachto the Study of Formulae in the Speech of Native and Non-Native Speakers of English

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie De Cock
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Automatic Extraction ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Full Discussion ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Recurrent Word

This article reports on a pilot study into how corpus methods can be applied to the study of one type of phraseological unit, formulae, in native speaker and learner speech. Formulae, or formulaic expressions, are multi-word units performing a pragmatic and/or discourse-structuring function and have been characterised as being typically native-like. The methodology presented here is contrastive and involves the use of computerised corpora of both native and non-native speaker speech. It consists of two steps: (1) the automatic extraction of all recurrent word combinations to produce lists of potential formulae, and (2) a carefully specified manual filtering process designed to reduce these lists to lists of actual formulaic usage. The results of this process allow for the first genuine quantitative comparison of formulae in the speech of native and non-native speakers, which in turn has significant implications for SLA research. This paper focuses on methodology and does not present a full discussion of the results. However, selected example findings are presented to support the approach adopted.

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