scholarly journals A CIÊNCIA NA ARTE MUSICAL DO SÉC. XX: DUAS CORRENTES CONTÍGUAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sandra Cristina Santos ◽  
José Luís Fangueiro Postiga

Observando o desenvolvimento de múltiplas correntes estéticas no pós-segunda grande guerra, procura-se nas raízes das ciências denominadas de exatas, os conceitos abstratos que definem novas correntes estéticas da arte musical. Para isso, procuram-se as relações entre a matemática e geometria com a música desenvolvida por Karlheinz Stockhausen, particularmente em Gruppen (1955-57) para três orquestras, assim entre leis da física e sua exportação para os conceitos arquitetónicos e musicais de Iannis Xenakis, focando Metastaseis (1953-54) para 61 músicos.

Leonardo ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Gluck

Iran in the 1970s was host to an array of electronic music and avant-garde arts. In the decade prior to the Islamic revolution, the Shiraz Arts Festival provided a showcase for composers, performers, dancers and theater directors from Iran and abroad, among them Iannis Xenakis, Peter Brook, John Cage, Gordon Mumma, David Tudor, Karlheinz Stockhausen and Merce Cunningham. A significant arts center, which was to include electronic music and recording studios, was planned as an outgrowth of the festival. While the complex politics of the Shah's regime and the approaching revolution brought these developments to an end, a younger generation of artists continued the festival's legacy.


Author(s):  
Justyna Humięcka-Jakubowska

In her article titled Niebezpieczne związki, czyli o granicach wolności w sztuce i w życiu [Dangerous liaisons, or on the limits of freedom in art and life] Elżbieta Korolczuk (2013) claimsthat ‘the sense of personal freedom and independence from other people – not only in the senseof intellectual and aesthetic influences, but also familial and emotional ties – is often perceived asnecessary in order to create new, original works, to be a truly creative individual’. It is not difficult to find new and original works in the oeuvre of Karlheinz Stockhausen and Iannis Xenakis and,paraphrasing the words of Maria Anna Potocka (2013) – it is thanks to them that ‘the world has moderniseditself and freed itself from outdated values’. In relation to creative work in music, this ‘senseof personal freedom and independence from other people‘ leads, on the one hand, to the ‘freedom ofmusic’ and, on the other, ensures achieving ‘freedom in music’. The aim of this discussion is to pointto those threads in the statements of Stockhausen and Xenakis, and those features of their works,which testify to the specific manifestations of the ‚‘freedom in music’ created by them.


Author(s):  
Marie-Thérèse Lefebvre

Composer and musical pedagogue Gilles Tremblay made significant contributions to the development of musical composition in Quebec in the second half of the twentieth century. After studying at the Montreal Conservatory (Conservatoire de Musique du Québec à Montréal), he attended workshops at the Marlboro School of Music (Vermont) in the summers of 1950, 1951, and 1953. He lived in Paris from 1954 to 1961, where he enrolled in the piano studio of Yvonne Loriod, took analysis courses with Olivier Messiaen, attended workshops on Ondes Martenot, and received counterpoint lessons with Andrée Vaurabourg-Honegger. Tremblay attended the Darmstadt International Summer Courses in 1957 and 1960, and worked at the GRM (Groupe de Recherches Musicales) led by Pierre Schaeffer. Involved at this time with the networks of French new music, he frequently met with Pierre Boulez, Karlheinz Stockhausen, and Iannis Xénakis. In 1961 Tremblay returned to Quebec and was appointed professor of analysis and composition at the Montreal Conservatory, a position he occupied until his retirement in 1997. His courses at the Conservatory were inspired by Messiaen’s famous analysis class in Paris. Tremblay found connections between master works of Western music that linked the past to the present, from Gregorian chants to the polyphony of Guillaume de Machaut, Monteverdi, and Mozart, through to the twentieth century. His courses were extremely influential to two or three generations of composers in Quebec.


2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
KOSTAS GIANNAKIS

The significant role of visual communication in modern computer applications is indisputable. In the case of music, various attempts have been made from time to time to translate non-visual ideas into visual codes (see Walters 1997 for a collection of graphic scores from the late computer music pioneer Iannis Xenakis, John Cage, Karlheinz Stockhausen, and others). In computer music research, most current sound design tools allow the direct manipulation of visual representations of sound such as time-domain and frequency-domain representations, with the most notable examples being the UPIC system (Xenakis 1992), Phonogramme (Lesbros 1996), Lemur (Fitz and Haken 1997), and MetaSynth (Wenger 1998), among others. Associations between auditory and visual dimensions have also been extensively studied in other scientific domains such as visual perception and cognitive psychology, as well as inspired new forms of artistic expression (see, for example, Wells 1980; Goldberg and Schrack 1986; Whitney 1991).


2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Helmut Lachenmann

Dans cet article rédigé en 1987 et publié en 1996 dans le recueil de texte intitulé Musik als existentielle Erfahrung, le compositeur Helmut Lachenmann porte un regard critique et autocritique sur l’expérience des cours d’été de Darmstadt, depuis le début des années 1950 jusqu’au début des années 1980. Décennie par décennie, il dégage les divers courants et tendances qui ont marqué l’histoire de Darmstadt en explicitant les paradoxes parfois insolubles engendrés par l’attitude avant-gardiste dont les cours d’été avaient fourni le modèle autour de 1950. À chaque fois, il se réfère à des expériences vécues, faisant intervenir Luigi Nono (son professeur autour de 1960), Dieter Schnebel, John Cage ou Karlheinz Stockhausen. Partisan d’un « structuralisme dialectique », l’auteur spécifie enfin sa position — en référence au festival de Donaueschingen de 1980 et à un texte de 1982, « Affect et aspect » — par rapport à celles de Wolfgang Rihm et de Walter Zimmermann, ainsi que d’autres compositeurs ayant (ou non) tenté de théoriser leur relation à la tradition et à la subjectivité.


2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Harley

From his earliest works, Xenakis has conceived his music in terms of textures and sound masses. The analytical approach introduced here for a study of the recent string quartet, Tetras, takes such sonic entities as its point of departure. The inside-time structure is described in terms of the temporal succession of these entities and the outside-time relationships established between them by means of a whole range of parametrical entities. While the sonic and parametrical entities need to be specified for each piece, it is shown that this approach can be profitably applied to the complete Xenakis oeuvre.


1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Rosângela Pereira De Tugny ◽  
Rosangela Pereira De Tugny

PMLA ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 1820-1829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Schechner

[The attacks of 9/11 were] the greatest work of art imaginable for the whole cosmos. Minds achieving something in an act that we couldn't even dream of in music, people rehearsing like mad for 10 years, preparing fanatically for a concert, and then dying, just imagine what happened there. You have people who are that focused on a performance and then 5,000 [sic] people are dispatched to the afterlife, in a single moment. I couldn't do that. By comparison, we composers are nothing. Artists, too, sometimes try to go beyond the limits of what is feasible and conceivable, so that we wake up, so that we open ourselves to another world. … It's a crime because those involved didn't consent. They didn't come to the “concert.” That's obvious. And no one announced that they risked losing their lives. What happened in spiritual terms, the leap out of security, out of what is usually taken for granted, out of life, that sometimes happens to a small extent in art, too, otherwise art is nothing.—Karlheinz Stockhausen (“Documentation”)Stockhausen aside, how can anyone call the 9/11 attack on the Twin Towers a work of art? Of what value is such a designation? What does calling the destruction of the Twin Towers a work of art assert about (performance) art, the authenticity of “what really happened,” and social morality during and after the first decade of the twenty-first century? To even begin to address these questions, I need to refer to the history of the avant-garde—because it has been avant-garde artists who for more than a century have called for the violent destruction of existing aesthetic, social, and political systems.


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