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2022 ◽  
Vol 68 (68.04) ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Vanya Micheva

This study presents the linguistic and semantic realizations of the concept of living places in the Old Bulgarian classical and original works from the 9th – 11th centuries and in the works of Patriarch Euthymius. A system of words and collocations and their use in different contexts are analyzed in view of their relation to Christian culture and the medieval picture of the world. The author traces the process of enrichment of the names for living places and the changes in the conceptual content of the studied words and collocations. Keywords: names for living places, medieval conceptosphere, history of the Bulgarian literary language


2022 ◽  
Vol 68 (68.04) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Tatyana Aleksandrova

The first three papers featured in Issue 4/2021 of Balgarski ezik present results of the work on a project titled Everyday Life in the Middle Ages according to Lexical Data from Bulgarian and Romanian – a bilateral effort between the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and the Romanian Academy. Mariyana Tsibranska-Kostova’s paper Magic and its Faces (the 61st Canon of Trullo in Slavic Translations) proposes an analysis of several representatives of the lexical-semantic group of performers of magical practices according to three translations of the canon. The author discusses the word-formation structure of the lexical group as well as the semantic adaptation of Greek names for unknown realia. The text of the 61st Canon of Trullo is published as an appendix. Elka Mircheva provides a discussion on the topic of Bad Thoughts are Worse than Illness (to the Analysis of Medieval Texts) by analysing examples of illness in Pope Gregory the Great’s Dialogues which have been interpreted by earlier studies as cases of psychological conditions. The author’s analysis points to the fact that some of these occurrences are evidence of the influence of bad thoughts resulting in unacceptable reprehen-sible behaviour. Vanya Micheva’s paper Names for Living Places in the Bulgarian Language Picture of the World in the Middle Ages deals with the linguistic and semantic realisations of the concept of living places in the Old Bulgarian classical and original works from the 9th – 11th centuries and in the works of Patriarch Euthymius. The author traces the process of enrichment of the names for living places and the changes in the conceptual content of the studied lexemes. Tatyana Braga’s paper A Little-known Damaskin from the Karlovo-Adzhar School of Calligraphy and Art: Odessa Damascus № 36 (62) – Palaeography, Codicology, Dating offers a meticulous palaeographic and codicological description of a Bulgarian written monument, the Odessa Damaskin № 36 (62) from the manuscript collection of V.I. Grigorovich. Nadka Nikolova’s paper Общ язик с виражение народно. The Language Norms in the Translation of A. Granitski’s За Тръговско писмописанїе (On Commercial Letter Writing), 1858 presents the results of a study on Anastas Granitski’s contribution to the establishment of the structural basis and spelling and language norms of the Bulgarian literary language of the Revival period. On the basis of her observations on adjectives, numerals, pronouns and verbs, the author comes to the conclusion that the text reveals significant convergence of written and spoken language. Maria Mitskova addresses some Issues in the Verb Morphology of Bulgarian Dialects in the Studies of Three European Slavicists from the First Half of the 19th Century – Vuk Karadžić, Victor Grigorovich, Stefan Verković. The paper emphasises the contribution of the first Slavicists whose work marks the origination of the scientific interest in one of the most characteristic features of Bulgarian verbs. Elena Kanevska-Nikolova and Simeon Marinov present a study on the Names for Women’s Outerwear in the Rhodope Folk Clothing based on ma-terial excerpted from various ethnographic, regional historical and dialectological studies. The authors examine ambiguous and synonymous terms, main word-formation patterns, as well as the etymology of some of the names under study. They go on to analyse the terminological unity of many names for women’s outerwear characteristic of both confessional groups to which the Bulgarian population in the Rhodopes belong. Georgi Mitrinov’s paper Is there a Pomak Dialect in Bulgaria? is a critical look at a study by Emel Balakchi dealing with the Bulgarian Rhodope dialects. The author addresses Balakchi’s attempt at presenting the Rhodope dialects as Pomak dialects, while ignoring the presence of a native Bulgarian Christian population in the Rhodopes. Using numerous examples, Georgi Mitrinov reveals the study’s lack of scientific competence and objectivity in presenting the characteristic features of the Bulgarian Rhodope dialects. The issue concludes with a paper that remains outside its thematic scope. Stative Predicates in Contemporary Linguistic Theories by Svetlozara Leseva, Hristina Kukova and Ivelina Stoyanova offers a critical overview of the thematic classes of stative verbs based on a contrastive study of several thematic classifications. The authors analyse the different views of the properties of stative predicates from an aspectual and semantic perspective.


2022 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Clifford ◽  
William Knauth ◽  
Polly Sturgeon ◽  
Jennifer Lanman ◽  
Matthew Johnson ◽  
...  

The annual Indiana Geological and Water Survey calendar focuses on an area of Survey research, interest or history. The topic of the 2022 calendar is scientific illustrations. For nearly 50 years between them, two artist-draftsmen, Robert "Bob" Judah and Wilbur "Bill" Stalions, translated scientific concepts and research into a visual medium so that more people, including those without a scientific background, could understand the work of the Survey. This calendar contains scans of some original works which have been kept in Survey archives and have not been visible to the public, as well as previously published works from multiple decades.


Author(s):  
Liv Mildrid Gjernes

All design has its own conditional modes of expression; however, these are realised through the maker’s sense of the possibilities of materiality. This essay was inspired by a reclaimed piece of 1960s furniture designed in the modernist idiom, and is based upon autobiographical experiences, original works from own and contemporary aesthetic practices, and associated thoughts in the present. A completely new artistic expression was developed, which questioned the strict, use-defined style ideals and let shape reveal other values and statements than function. The intention of this essay is to put into words some of the cognitive processes in which creativity, critical reflection and the senses’ experience-based insights may bring up something new. In creative work, the goal is not to reach a single result; every little discovery made by examining something specific could open up new worlds.


Author(s):  
Anna Kalewska

The article aims to discuss the Chinese culture inspirations in Polish and Portuguese modernist poetry. In the context of Polish-Portuguese literary relationships, late Romantic, Symbolic, Parnassianism-related and Oriental tendencies are presented in the works of a Portuguese poet Antón Feijó (1859–1917), with references to a selected aspect of Leopold Staff’s works (1878–1957). A historical-literary analysis is accompanied by literary and cultural comparative studies. Within the comparative method of presenting the Parnassian palimpsests, as 'The Chinese Lyric Book' ('Cancioneiro Chinês', 1890) by António Feijó and 'Chinese Flute' ('Fletnia chińska', 1922) by Leopold Staff are categorised, the thesis about the independent status of the works in question was built. Modernist visions of the Orient, understood to date a paraphrase or an adaptation of Chinese poetry read in translations from French, gain the status of original works. In view of blurring the differences between the European adaptations – Portuguese poem and Polish poetic prose, based on Oriental motifs drawn from two different French sources (translations): Judith Gautier’s and Franz Touissant’s works – and the Chinese original, the methodological approach to the text as to a palimpsest is justified. Feijó’s “Chinese Poetry” and Oriental poetic landscapes in Staff’s prose are therefore independent literary works, analysed in parallel, as mirror reflections of the fascination with the Orient’s culture. The literary works in question fully deserve the title of cultural texts, the recipient of which will be a Polish reader, a lover of poetry inspired by French Parnassianism.


2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 85-103

Abstract The Second Rhapsody, one of Bartók’s technically most demanding concert pieces for violin, arranges archaic-improvisatory bagpipe imitations for concert performance. The arrangement itself shows a well-designed, coherent structure: the succession of dances, tonally and motivically related between each other, outline a kind of evolutionary progression from free motive-structure to strophic form. Bagpipe-music had a long-term influence on Bartók’s violin music, figuring as episodes in original works like the two Violin Sonatas or the Violin Concerto; but none exploits the genre to such an extent as the Second Rhapsody. The violin pieces with motive-structure of fascinatingly wild and virtuoso character were among Bartók’s major discoveries of the collecting trips to the Maramureş region. For the Rhapsody Bartók chose melodies from the one-time Ugocsa county, whose music, closely related to that of Maramureş county, was considered by him “the most interesting in our country [i.e., Hungary of the time], due exactly to its primitive character.” In Maramureş these melodies are less eccentric; instead, the violinists have a broader and more varied repertoire of dance music. In my article I discuss the different types of violin music of this region, focusing on structural, melodic, or interpretational elements that were of special interest for the composer. For this investigation I have made use of the primary sources of the respective collections: phonogram recordings, field notations, later transcriptions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-454
Author(s):  
Gökhan Coşgun

The story of Husrev and Shirin, which was first put into poetry in Firdevsi's Shahname, was later written by many poets. It is undoubtedly NizamiGanjavi who brought the story of Husrev and Şirin to the real fame in Persian literature. Nizami's Husrev u Shirin Masnavi inspired many Persian and Turkish poets who came after him. Each poet has immortalized this story according to his own imagination. In Turkish literature, poets have produced original works by changing the story according to their own traditions and belief cultures instead of translating the story from Persian literature. In this context, Ali Shir Nevayi and Lamii Chelebi's Farhad u Shirin masnavis are two remarkable works. While Hüsrev was the main hero of Husrev u Shirin masnavis in Persian literature, the real hero was Farhad in these two masnavis. In Turkish folk literature, Ferhad stands out as the only hero without mentioning Husrev. This is a result of the efforts of Turkish poets to construct a new story with Farhad. In our study, the subject of why a story whose main hero is Husrev evolved into Farhad in Turkish literature will be examined


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-454
Author(s):  
Gökhan Coşgun

The story of Husrev and Shirin, which was first put into poetry in Firdevsi's Shahname, was later written by many poets. It is undoubtedly NizamiGanjavi who brought the story of Husrev and Şirin to the real fame in Persian literature. Nizami's Husrev u Shirin Masnavi inspired many Persian and Turkish poets who came after him. Each poet has immortalized this story according to his own imagination. In Turkish literature, poets have produced original works by changing the story according to their own traditions and belief cultures instead of translating the story from Persian literature. In this context, Ali Shir Nevayi and Lamii Chelebi's Farhad u Shirin masnavis are two remarkable works. While Hüsrev was the main hero of Husrev u Shirin masnavis in Persian literature, the real hero was Farhad in these two masnavis. In Turkish folk literature, Ferhad stands out as the only hero without mentioning Husrev. This is a result of the efforts of Turkish poets to construct a new story with Farhad. In our study, the subject of why a story whose main hero is Husrev evolved into Farhad in Turkish literature will be examined.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
S. I. Gamidov ◽  
R. I. Ovchinnikov ◽  
A. Yu. Popova ◽  
T. V. Shatylko

The prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) among men over 50 years is 31-51 %. By 2025, the prevalence of ED is expected to increase to 322 million men worldwide. In Russia, according to academician D.Yu. Pushkar', ED suffers up to 89.9 %.In this regard, it seems very important to establish the causes of this condition. The purpose of this review is to assess the current state of the literature on the issue of risk factors leading to or associated with the development of ED.The presented works show that well-known factors play a role in the occurrence of ED: unfavorable environmental conditions, harmful lifestyle factors, chronic intoxication, obesity, genetic predisposition, deficiency of sex hormones and vitamins, diseases of the cardiovascular system, prostate and urethra, as well as drugs for their treatment. Also, new indicators in laboratory and instrumental studies that change with ED are considered.Among the well-known data, there are also some very original works devoted to this topic. The relationship between ED and reproductive disorders, psoriasis, periodontitis, human immunodeficiency virus infection and some drugs use is now being investigated, which is presented in this review.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (139) ◽  
pp. 33-52
Author(s):  
Aisha Alowais ◽  
Mesut Idriz

In the 12th century, a large number of European scholars have travelled to the East in order to learn and ultimately bring back with them new scientific knowledge. Translators played the major role. Among those translators is Adelard of Bath whom this study aims to investigate his original works along with the works he translated from Arabic into Latin. The study will follow his travels from his hometown of Bath to France where he studied, and finally to the East where he learned from the Arabs. It will also briefly highlight the situation of education during the so-called Dark Ages in Europe. Moreover, Adelard’s original works before and after travelling are examined in order to see to what extent Adelard was influenced by the Arabs. Adelard’s translated books into English are used as primary resources for this research, in addition to other secondary references. As a result of conducting this research, it can be seen that the thought of Arabs have prevailed in Adelard’s works as he stressed the importance of the methodology followed by them. Adelard has contributed to forming a cusp between the Islamic Civilization and the European Renaissance; and hence further studies need to be carried out about Adelard as well as his endeavors with East.


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