scholarly journals Microstructure and Corrosion Behaviour of ZnNiP Thin Film Alloys in Deep Eutectic Solvent Ionic Liquids

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Elena Ionela Neacsu ◽  
Virgil Constantin ◽  
Marian Burada ◽  
Cristina Donath ◽  
Vasile Soare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Passive Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Aqueous Chloride

Ternary ZnNiP alloy thin films were electroless deposited from aqueous chloride electrolytes on mild steel foils. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDAX). The corrosion behaviour of ZnNiP thin films alloys was investigated in two deep eutectic solvent ionic liquids (DES) with different chemical structure at 353K and compared with corrosion in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution at 273K. The films were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to determine their chemical composition in the initial stage and after corrosion. The nature of corrosion morfology has been investigated by and electron microscopy and XPS. The value of the lowest corrosion protection efficiency was of 48.14% and the highest value was of 77.96%. The results confirmed the high corrosion resistance of ZnNiP alloy plated sheet in all ionic liquids systems tested and the results were corelated with corrosion data in aqueous solution. The passive layer consists of Zn and Ni oxides but also of the chemical compounds of nitrogen which were formed on the surface of the ZnNiP thin films during the corrosion process.

Limitations to the use of Sb as a Surfactant During SiGe MBE

1998 ◽  
Vol 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn G. Jernigan ◽  
Conrad L. Silvestre ◽  
Mohammad Fatemi ◽  
Mark E. Twigg ◽  
Phillip E. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Quantum Well ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Coverage ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Alloy Concentration

AbstractThe use of Sb as a surfactant in suppressing Ge segregation during SiGe alloy growth was investigated as a function of Sb surface coverage, Ge alloy concentration, and alloy thickness using xray photoelectron spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Unlike previous studies where Sb was found to completely quench Ge segregation into a Si capping layer, we find that Sb can not completely prevent Ge segregation while Si and Ge are being co-deposited. This results in the production of a non-square quantum well with missing Ge at the beginning and extra Ge at the end of the alloy. We also found that Sb does not relieve strain in thin films but does result in compositional or strain variations within thick alloy layers.

Chemistry, microstructure, and electrical properties at interfaces between thin films of cobalt and alpha (6H) silicon carbide (0001)

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M. Porter ◽  
R.F. Davis ◽  
J.S. Bow ◽  
M.J. Kim ◽  
R.W. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electron Beam Evaporation ◽  
Leakage Currents ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

Thin films (4–1000 Å) of Co were deposited onto n-type 6H-SiC(0001) wafers by UHV electron beam evaporation. The chemistry, microstructure, and electrical properties were determined using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, and I-V and C-V measurements, respectively. The as-deposited contacts exhibited excellent rectifying behavior with low ideality factors and leakage currents of n < 1.06 and 2.0 × 10−8 A/cm2 at −10 V, respectively. During annealing at 1000 °C for 2 min, significant reaction occurred resulting in the formation of CoSi and graphite. These annealed contacts exhibited ohmic-like character, which is believed to be due to defects created in the interface region.

Pulsed laser deposition and characterization of conductive RuO2 thin films

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1433-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Iembo ◽  
F. Fuso ◽  
E. Arimondo ◽  
C. Ciofi ◽  
G. Pennelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Pulsed Laser Deposition ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Laser Deposition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Substrate Interface

RuO2 thin films have been produced on silicon-based substrates by in situ pulsed laser deposition for the first time. The electrical properties, the surface characteristics, the crystalline structure, and the film-substrate interface of deposited samples have been investigated by 4-probe resistance versus temperature technique, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The films show good electrical properties. The RuO2-substrate interface is very thin (≈3 nm), since it is not degraded by any annealing process. These two characteristics render our films suitable to be used as electrodes in PZT-based capacitors.

Morphology Controllable Preparation of Gold Nanoplates through an Eco-Friendly Wet-Chemical Route

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Zao Yi ◽  
Jiang Shan Luo ◽  
Xi Bo Li ◽  
Yong Yi ◽  
Xi Bin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Chemical Route ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Wet Chemical Route ◽  
Controllable Preparation

In this paper a simple eco-friendly wet-chemical way was mentioned to synthesize gold nanoplates. The prepared of the gold nanoplates was a seedless process that carried out by mixing HAuCl4 aqueous solution and Tannic acid (TA) solution at room temperature without the other surfactant and capping agents. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) have been used to characterize the shape and composition the prepared gold nanoplates. The molar ratio of HAuCl4 and TA can control the shape and the size of gold nanoplates effectively. This research can provide a simple and eco-friendly way for the prepared gold nanoplates in aqueous solution.

Nanostructure evolution and properties of two-phase nc-Ti(C, N)/a-(C, CNx) nanocomposites by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 2460-2469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.H. Lu ◽  
Y.G. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy were used to study phase configuration and nanostructure evolutions of Ti–Cx–Ny thin films with different amounts of C incorporation. It was found that the atomic ratio of (C + N)/Ti played a crucial role in phase configuration and nanostructure evolutions as well as mechanical behaviors. When the ratio was less than one unit, a nanocrystalline (nc-) Ti(C, N) solid solution was formed by way of dissolution of C into TiN lattice. When this dissolution reached saturation, precipitation of a small amount of amorphous (a-) C phase along nc-Ti(C, N) grains was followed with more C incorporation. Further increase of C content (up to ∼19 at.% C) made the amorphous phase fully wet nanocrystallites, which resulted in the formation of two-phase nanocomposite thin films with microstructures comprising of ∼5 nm nc-Ti(C,N) crystallites separated by ∼0.5 nm a-(C, CNx) phase. Thicker amorphous walls and smaller sized grains were followed when the C content was further increased, accompanying with the formation of some disorders and defects in nc-grains and amorphous matrices. When the C content was increased to ∼48 at.%, 1–3 nm nanocrystallites with an average size of ∼2 nm were embedded into amorphous matrices. Both microhardness and residual compressive stress values were increased with increase of the atomic ratio in solid solution thin films when the atomic ratio value was less than one unit. Their maximums were obtained at stiochiometry nc-Ti(C,N) solid solution. Enhancement of hardness values was attributed to solid solution effect.

DEPENDENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE STRUCTURE AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE OF ZnO THIN FILMS FABRICATED BY PULSED Nd:YAG LASER DEPOSITION ON SAPPHIRE SUBSTRATES

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1851-1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAN QI WEI ◽  
BAO-YUAN MAN
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Blue Emission ◽  
Laser Deposition ◽  
Zno Thin Films ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pl Spectra ◽  
Sapphire Substrates

Zinc oxide ( ZnO ) thin films were grown on sapphire substrates at different deposition temperatures by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The structure, composition and optical properties of deposited thin films have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The results show that the ZnO thin films deposited at 500°C have the best crystalline quality with hexagonal structure, surface morphology and stoichiometric composition. The PL spectrum reveals that the sample possesses the strongest ultraviolet (UV) emission at 370 nm and the weakest blue emission at 459 nm under this condition. Raman spectra and weak blue emission of PL spectra show that very few oxygen vacancies exist in the ZnO thin films.

scholarly journals Femtosecond Pulsed Laser Deposition of Chromium Diboride-Rich Thin Films

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela De Bonis ◽  
Agostino Galasso ◽  
Alessandro Latini ◽  
Julietta V. Rau ◽  
Antonio Santagata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Pulsed Laser Deposition ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Laser Deposition ◽  
Chromium Diboride ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structural Applications

Chromium borides are promising candidates for several structural applications including protective coatings for materials exposed to corrosive and abrasive environments. In this paper the pulsed laser deposition of chromium diboride-rich thin films has been carried out in vacuum by using a frequency doubled Nd:glass laser with a pulse duration of 250 fs. The films have been deposited at different substrate temperatures and characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Lastly, the film’s hardness has been studied by Vickers indentation technique. The results indicate that only the films deposited at a substrate temperature of 500 °C are crystalline and formed by chromium diboride, together with a certain amount of boron and chromium, which suggests that, as main mechanism, a process taking place on the surface from atoms and ions from the gas phase. This hypothesis has been confirmed by the study of the plasma produced by the ablation process.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Optical Properties of Nanostructural Thin Films Fabricated through Oxidation of Au–Sn Intermetallic Compounds

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4034
Author(s):  
Lukasz Skowronski ◽  
Marek Trzcinski ◽  
Aleksandra Olszewska ◽  
Robert Szczesny
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Intermetallic Compounds ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
Oxide Systems ◽  
Strong Absorption Band ◽  
X Ray

AuSn and AuSn2 thin films (5 nm) were used as precursors during the formation of semiconducting metal oxide nanostructures on a silicon substrate. The nanoparticles were produced in the processes of annealing and oxidation of gold–tin intermetallic compounds under ultra-high vacuum conditions. The formation process and morphology of a mixture of SnO2 and Au@SnOx (the core–shell structure) nanoparticles or Au nanocrystalites were carefully examined by means of spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The annealing and oxidation of the thin film of the AuSn intermetallic compound led to the formation of uniformly distributed structures with a size of ∼20–30 nm. All of the synthesized nanoparticles exhibited a strong absorption band at 520–530 nm, which is typical for pure metallic or metal oxide systems.

scholarly journals Nanomaterial Synthesis in Ionic Liquids and Their Use on the Photocatalytic Degradation of Emerging Pollutants

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Raquel Corchero ◽  
Rosario Rodil ◽  
Ana Soto ◽  
Eva Rodil
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Magnetic Nanocomposites ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Emerging Pollutant ◽  
Agcl Nanoparticles

The unique properties of ionic liquids make them suitable candidates to prepare nanoscale materials. A simple method that uses exclusively a corresponding bulk material and an ionic liquid—in this case, [P6,6,6,14]Cl—was used to prepare AgCl nanoparticles and AgCl@Fe3O4 or TiO2@Fe3O4 magnetic nanocomposites. The prepared nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photodegradation of atenolol as a model pharmaceutical pollutant in wastewater was investigated under ultraviolet–visible light irradiation using the different synthesized nanocatalysts. In the presence of 0.75 g·L−1 AgCl nanoparticles, a practically complete degradation of 10 ppm of atenolol was obtained after 30 min, following pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. The effect of different variables (concentrations, pH, oxidant agents, etc.) was analyzed. The recyclability of the nanocatalyst was tested and found to be successful. A degradation mechanism was also proposed. In order to improve the recovery stage of the nanocatalyst, the use of magnetic nanocomposites is proposed. Under the same experimental conditions, a slightly lower and slower degradation was achieved with an easier separation. The main conclusions of the paper are the suitability of the use of ionic liquids to prepare different nanocatalysts and the effectiveness of these at degrading an emerging pollutant in wastewater treatment.

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