scholarly journals The Effects of Inositol on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-255
Author(s):  
Razvan Popovici ◽  
Antoneta Dacia Petroaie ◽  
Alexandru Carauleanu ◽  
Irina Esanu ◽  
Cringuta Paraschiv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Mimetic ◽  
Enhance Insulin Sensitivity

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine condition in the reproductive period of women. In the last years, significant progress has been made in understanding the etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease. This multifactorial entity is associated with complex hormonal, infertility and metabolic aspects that require a proper medical approach and a therapeutic strategy. The increased concentration of androgens, ovulation disorders, and polycystic ovarian morphology belong to the classic picture of PCOS. Insulin resistance (IR) and related compensatory hyperinsulinemia in PCOS underlie inositol therapy, known as insulin second messengers. These molecules with insulin-mimetic properties enhance insulin sensitivity, leading to a reduction of glucose and insulin blood levels. Choosing Myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI) as a therapeutic option involves understanding their physiological properties and mechanisms through which they improve insulin resistance. This article focuses on recent data from the literature that supports the effectiveness and safeness of inositol treatment in combating endocrine and metabolic disorders of this syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome: a contemporary clinical approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelica Bjekić-Macut ◽  
Tamara Vukašin ◽  
Zelija Velija-Ašimi ◽  
Azra Bureković ◽  
Marija Zdravković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Sensitizer ◽  
Central Type ◽  
Increased Risk

: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent endocrine disease in women during reproductive period. It is considered a complex metabolic disorder with long-term metabolic, as well as reproductive consequences. Main pathophysiological pathways are related to the increased androgen levels and insulin resistance. Nowadays, genetic origins of PCOS are acknowledged, with numerous genes involved in the pathogenesis of hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, inflammation and disturbed folliculogenesis. Rotterdam diagnostic criteria are most widely accepted and four PCOS phenotypes have been recognized. Metabolic abnormalities are more common in phenotypes 1 and 2. Women with classic PCOS are more obese and typically have central type of obesity, more prevalently displaying dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome that could be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications during life. Heterogeneity of phenotypes demands an individualized approach in the treatment of women with PCOS. Metabolic therapies involve a lifestyle intervention followed by the introduction of insulin sensitizers including metformin and inositols, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA), as recently sodium glucose contransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. Addition of an insulin sensitizer to the standard infertility therapy such as CC improves ovulation and pregnancy rates. Our current review analyzes the contemporary knowledge of PCOS etiology and etiopathogenesis, its cardiometabolic risks and their outcomes, as well as therapeutic advances for women with PCOS.

Effects of caloric intake timing on insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 125 (9) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Jakubowicz ◽  
Maayan Barnea ◽  
Julio Wainstein ◽  
Oren Froy
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Meal Timing

In women with PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome), hyperinsulinaemia stimulates ovarian cytochrome P450c17α activity that, in turn, stimulates ovarian androgen production. Our objective was to compare whether timed caloric intake differentially influences insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in lean PCOS women. A total of 60 lean PCOS women [BMI (body mass index), 23.7±0.2 kg/m2] were randomized into two isocaloric (~1800 kcal; where 1 kcal≈4.184 J) maintenance diets with different meal timing distribution: a BF (breakfast diet) (980 kcal breakfast, 640 kcal lunch and 190 kcal dinner) or a D (dinner diet) group (190 kcal breakfast, 640 kcal lunch and 980 kcal dinner) for 90 days. In the BF group, a significant decrease was observed in both AUCglucose (glucose area under the curve) and AUCinsulin (insulin area under the curve) by 7 and 54% respectively. In the BF group, free testosterone decreased by 50% and SHBG (sex hormone-binding globulin) increased by 105%. GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone)-stimulated peak serum 17OHP (17α-hydroxyprogesterone) decreased by 39%. No change in these parameters was observed in the D group. In addition, women in the BF group had an increased ovulation rate. In lean PCOS women, a high caloric intake at breakfast with reduced intake at dinner results in improved insulin sensitivity indices and reduced cytochrome P450c17α activity, which ameliorates hyperandrogenism and improves ovulation rate. Meal timing and distribution should be considered as a therapeutic option for women with PCOS.

scholarly journals Subcutaneous adipocytes from obese hyperinsulinemic women with polycystic ovary syndrome exhibit normal insulin sensitivity but reduced maximal insulin responsiveness

2005 ◽  
Vol 153 (6) ◽  
pp. 831-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Lystedt ◽  
Hanna Westergren ◽  
Jan Brynhildsen ◽  
Lotta Lindh-Åstrand ◽  
Johanna Gustavsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Effect

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has a high prevalence in women and is often associated with insulin resistance and hence with aspects of the so-called metabolic syndrome. Methods: Ten women diagnosed with PCOS were consecutively included (aged 21–39 years, average 30.2 ± 1.9 years; body mass index 28.4–42.5 kg/m2, average 37.5 ± 1.7 kg/m2 (mean ± s.e.)). Adipocytes were isolated from the subcutaneous fat and, after overnight incubation to recover from insulin resistance due to the surgical cell isolation procedures, they were analyzed for insulin sensitivity. Results: The patients with PCOS exhibited marked clinical hyperinsulinemia with 3.6-fold higher blood levels of C-peptide than a healthy lean control group (1.7 ± 0.2 and 0.5 ± 0.02 nmol/l respectively, P < 0.0001). The patients with PCOS also exhibited 2.4-fold higher concentrations of serum triacylglycerol (2.1 ± 0.3 and 0.9 ± 0.06 mmol/l respectively, P < 0.0001), but only slightly elevated blood pressure (118 ± 12/76 ± 6 and 113 ± 7/72 ± 6 mmHg respectively, P = 0.055/0.046). However, insulin sensitivity for stimulation of glucose transport in the isolated adipocytes was indistinguishable from a non-PCOS, non-diabetic control group, while the maximal insulin effect on glucose uptake was significantly lower (2.2 ± 0.2- and 3.8 ± 0.8-fold respectively, P = 0.02). Conclusions: Subcutaneous adipocytes from patients with PCOS do not display reduced insulin sensitivity. The findings show that the insulin resistance of PCOS is qualitatively different from that of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Inositols in the Treatment of Insulin-Mediated Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Muscogiuri ◽  
Stefano Palomba ◽  
Antonio Simone Laganà ◽  
Francesco Orio
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Mimetic ◽  
Inositol Glycans ◽  
Potential Benefits

A growing body of research is currently focused on the role of inositol isomers and in particular myo-inositol (MYO-INS) and D-chiroinositol (DCI) in the treatment of insulin resistance states. Both isomers have been shown to exert insulin-mimetic action and to lower postprandial glucose. Further, insulin resistance-related diseases were associated to derangements in inositol metabolism. Thus, the aim of this review is to provide current evidence on the potential benefits of inositol isomers (MYO-INS and DCI) in the treatment of disease associated to insulin resistance such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), gestational diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Finally, molecular insights into inositol insulin-sensitizing effects will be covered focusing on the possible role of inositol glycans as insulin second messengers.

scholarly journals Effects of Mixed of a Ketogenic Diet in Overweight and Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12490
Author(s):  
Raffaele Ivan Cincione ◽  
Francesca Losavio ◽  
Fabiana Ciolli ◽  
Anna Valenzano ◽  
Giuseppe Cibelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Complications

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a commonly occurring endocrine disorder characterized by hirsutism, anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. Often comorbid with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and obesity, it also carries significant risk for the development of cardiovascular and metabolic sequelae, including diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The relationship between central obesity and the development of insulin resistance is widely verified. Adipose tissue excess and the coexistent dysregulation of adipocyte functions directly contribute to the pathogenesis of the metabolic complications observed in women with PCOS. In the light of these evidence, the most therapeutic option prescribed to obese women with PCOS, regardless of the phenotype e from the severity of clinical expression, is lifestyle correction by diet and physical activity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the beneficial effects of ketogenic diet in 17 obese women with PCOS. Our results showed that the ketogenic diet inducing therapeutic ketosis, improves the anthropometric and many biochemical parameters such as LH, FSH, SHBG, insulin sensitivity and HOMA index. In addition, it induces a reduction in androgenic production, whereas the contextual reduction of fat mass reduced the acyclic production of estrogens deriving from the aromatization in the adipose tissue of the androgenic excess, with an improvement of the LH/FSH ratio. This is the first study on the effects of the ketogenic diet on PCOS, however, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism underlying ketogenic diet effects.

Oxidative stress markers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome without insulin resistance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reveka Gyftaki ◽  
Sofia Gougoura ◽  
Nikolaos Kalogeris ◽  
Vasiliki Loi ◽  
George Koukoulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Stress Markers

Efficiency of ceylon cinnamon on insulin resistance parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeineb Jenouiz ◽  
Hajer Kandara ◽  
Nedra Bendag ◽  
Radhouan Gharbi ◽  
Manel Jemel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ceylon Cinnamon
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