scholarly journals The Effect of Trade Openness on Carbon Dioxide Emission in Taiwan: A Quantile Mediation Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The Impact

This paper adopts an innovative method, called a quantile mediation analysis, which combines a quantile regression and mediation analysis to examine the impact of trade openness on carbon dioxide emission whether through economic growth or not from 1990 to 2018 in Taiwan. The result of the traditional ordinary least square approach shows that Taiwan’s trade openness affects carbon dioxide emission through the full mediation effect of economic growth for the period of 1990-2018 and there is no direct relation between trade openness and carbon dioxide emission. Moreover, the results of this innovative analysis indicate that Taiwan’s trade openness also affects carbon dioxide emission through the full mediation effect of economic growth at any distribution of carbon dioxide emission, and there is no direct effect from trade openness to carbon dioxide emission. This result indicates that trade openness only exists an indirect effect through economic growth in Taiwan. This finding supports Antweiler, Copeland and Taylor’s point of view [1].

scholarly journals The effect of renewable energy on carbon dioxide emission in Taiwan: Quantile mediation analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 003685042110585
Author(s):  
Tzu-Kuang Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we propose an integrated method, called quantile mediation analysis, which combines quantile regression and mediation analysis, to examine the impact of renewable energy on carbon dioxide emissions, whether connected to or separate from through economic growth, from 1990 to 2018 in Taiwan. The results of this novel approach indicate that Taiwan's renewable energy did not affect carbon dioxide emissions through the mediation effect of economic growth from the period of 1990 to 2018, and that there is only a direct effect from renewable energy to carbon dioxide emissions at any distribution. Moreover, this result is remarkably different from the result of the traditional ordinary least square approach, which shows that Taiwan‘s renewable energy affects carbon dioxide emissions through the partial mediation effect of economic growth. In conclusion, we suggest that the Taiwanese government should increase the use of renewable energy in reducing local and global carbon dioxide emissions.

scholarly journals Exploring the Impact of Openness on Inflation in Taiwan: Mediation Analysis With A Quantile Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The Past ◽  
Least Square Approach ◽  
The Impact

This paper adopts an innovative method, which is totally different from the past research studies, combining mediation analysis and a quantile regression to examine the impact of openness on inflation whether through money supply or not from 1961 to 2019 in Taiwan. The result of the traditional ordinary least square approach shows that Taiwan’s trade openness affects inflation through the full mediation effect of money supply for the period of 1961-2019 and there is no direct relation between trade openness and inflation. However, the results of this innovative approach indicate that Taiwan’s trade openness affects inflation through the partial mediation effect of money supply at 0.3 and 0.5 distributions of inflation. This result indicates that trade openness not only does directly affect inflation, but also indirectly affects inflation through the money supply

scholarly journals The Effect of Tourism Development on Economic Growth in Taiwan: Export Growth as Mediator

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Export Growth ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Least Square Approach ◽  
The Impact

- In this paper, we employed an innovative method, calleda quantile mediation analysis, which combines a quantileregression and mediation analysis to examine the impact oftourism development on economic growth whether throughexport growth or not from 1990 to 2018 in Taiwan. The result ofthe traditional ordinary least square approach shows thatTaiwan’s tourism development affects economic growth throughthe full mediation effect of export growth for the period of 1990-2018 and there is no direct relation from tourism development toeconomic growth. Moreover, the results of this innovativeanalysis indicate that Taiwan’s tourism development also affectseconomic growth through the full mediation effect of exportgrowth at below 0.6 distributions of economic growth, but atabove 0.6 distributions of economic growth, there exist direct andpartially indirect effect from tourism development to economicgrowth. From the results, we suggest that Taiwan’s governmentshould focus on the export growth if she wants to promoteTaiwan’s economic growth when the economy is in a recession,not focus on tourism development.

scholarly journals Impact of Trade Openness and Human Capital on Economic Growth: A Comparative Investigation of Asian Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabail Amna Intisar ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan Yaseen ◽  
Rakhshanda Kousar ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Southern Asia ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of trade openness and human capital on economic growth in 19 Asian countries from 1985 to 2017. We selected two geographically distributed regions (Western and Southern Asia) based on difference in their GDP per capita. We applied the unit root tests to examine the level of stationarity and found that all variables were integrated at first difference. Kao and Fisher cointegration tests were employed and the results revealed the presence of a long-run relationship. We applied fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) models to check the magnitude of the long-run coefficients among trade openness, human capital and economic growth. To investigate the direction of causality, we used a Dumitrescu and Hurlin (DH) causality test. The results indicated that trade openness and human capital have a significant and positive relationship while labor force participation has a negative effect on economic growth in Southern Asia, and in the case of Western Asia, the impact is positive. Foreign direct investment (FDI) has a negative and significant impact on GDP per capita (GDPPC) in Western Asia while it is positive and significant in Southern Asia; Total population (TPOP) has a negative impact on GDPPC in both regions. Furthermore, human capital has a positive and significant impact on trade openness in both panels. Meanwhile, labor force participation (LFP) has a positive and significant impact on trade openness in Southern Asia and a negative impact in the case of Western Asia. Trade openness and economic growth have bidirectional causality in Western Asia and unidirectional causality in Southern Asia. It also shows that human capital and economic growth have unidirectional causality in both regions.

scholarly journals FUEL SUBSIDY, ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL OUTCOMES IN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-43
Author(s):  
Folorunso Sunday Ayadi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Fossil Fuel Consumption ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of energy subsidy, energy consumption, urbanization, economic growth, foreign direct investment, and trade openness on carbon dioxide emission and other greenhouse gases in Nigeria. Based on the method of cointegration and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), the study utilized data from 1970 to 2018 for the analysis. The study found fossil fuel consumption, economic growth, trade openness and PMS Price (a proxy for subsidy) as significantly increasing emission (Carbon dioxide) in Nigeria. The implication is that as that as the prices of PMS goes up (due to subsidy reduction), more of fuel is consumed. Our analysis demonstrated that PMS is price inelastic in Nigeria. In addition, subsidy or its removal will have no impact on carbon dioxide emission and other greenhouse gas emission in Nigeria. The study recommends the development of cleaner, renewable fuels and the development of abatement technology so as to mitigate the environmental impacts of growth. In addition, since the reduction in subsidy has no deterrent impact on fossil fuel consumption in Nigeria, then the recent removal of fossil fuel subsidy in Nigeria is a welcome development at least for the environment.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF DEMOCRACY, CORRUPTION AND MILITARY EXPENDITURE ON ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION: EVIDENCE FROM TOP SIX ASEAN COUNTRIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-340
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Zandi ◽  
Muhammad Haseeb ◽  
Irwan Shah Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Military Expenditure ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Statistical Estimations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose of the study: The current study aims to examine the relationship between corruption, democracy, military expenditure and environmental degradation in a panel of six ASEAN countries including Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Singapore and Vietnam using a panel data from 1995 to 2017. Methodology: In addition, the current study is unique in applying the sophisticated methods of panel Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) that have been adopted in several earlier quality research. Main Findings: The results of panel estimations conclude that corruption, military expenditure, and democracy have a noteworthy and significant impact on carbon dioxide emission in ASEAN countries. The results of FMOLS and DOLS confirm that there is a positive and significant impact of military expenditure and corruption on carbon dioxide emission. However, we found a negative and significant impact of democracy on carbon dioxide emission in all selected ASEAN countries. Implications: In general, the consequences of both statistical estimations affirm that corruption, democracy, and military expenditure are the critical and noteworthy determinants of carbon dioxide emission in ASEAN nations.

scholarly journals Impacto das exportações de alta tecnologia no crescimento econômico: evidências empíricas do Paquistão

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Least Square ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Robust Standard Error ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Data Source ◽  
The Impact

The goal of this study is to explore the impact of high tech exports on economic growth of Pakistan. To examine this relationship, data are collected from World Bank database, State Bank of Pakistan data source and Statistical Bureau of Pakistan. Time span of study is consisting of 20 years from 1995 to 2014. By using ordinary least square (OLS) with robust standard error, results confirm that there is a positive and statistically significant impact of high tech exports on economic growth. Although Pakistan is an agriculture country and its economic growth is largely depend upon farming, but for long run economic growth, Pakistan has to increase its high tech exports.

scholarly journals Impact of Exchange Rate Management on the Nigerian Economic Growth: Empirical Validation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Friday Osaru Ovenseri Ogbomo ◽  
Precious Imuwahen Ajoonu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Exchange Rate Management ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

This paper examined the impact of Exchange Rate Management on economic growth in Nigeria between 1980 and 2015. The study was set to gauge how the management of exchange rate in Nigeria has impacted the economy. The study employed the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method in its analysis. Co-integration and Error Correction Techniques were used to establish the Short-run and Long-run relationships between economic growth and other relevant economic indicators. The result revealed that exchange rate management proxy by various exchange rates regimes in Nigeria was not germane to economic growth. Rather, government expenditure, inflation rate, money supply and foreign direct investment significantly impact on economic growth in Nigeria. It is against this backdrop that the Nigerian economy must diversify her export base to create room for more inflow of foreign exchange.  

scholarly journals The Impact of Real Exchange Rate Undervaluation on Economic Growth: Evidence from Panel Cointegration Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Seraj ◽  
Cagay Coskuner ◽  
Seyi Saint Akadiri ◽  
Negar Bahadori
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Real Exchange Rate ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Periodic Data ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This study revisited Dani Rodrik (2008) work on real exchange rate undervaluation and economic growth by using the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS). This research, to the best of authors' knowledge, is the first to use FMOLS and DOLS approach to empirically evaluate Rodrik work on the real exchange rate and economic growth using a Panel periodic data (six sets of five years) of 82 countries throughout 1990 to 2018. We used the Balassa Samuelson method to estimate the predicted real exchange rate and real exchange rate undervaluation. Finally, the study is in support of Rodrik conclusion that, real exchange undervaluation has a significant impact on the economic growth of the developing economies and statistically insignificant in the developed economies.

Panel Data Analysis of Financial Development, Trade Openness, and Economic Growth: Evidence from BRICS Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Rani ◽  
Naresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Cointegration Test ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Panel Granger Causality ◽  
Panel Cointegration Test

The purpose of this article is to investigate the possible cointegration and direction of causality between foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow, trade openness, and economic growth in BRICS countries using panel data from 1993 to 2015. Besides these variables, money supply and domestic credit (DC) to private players are also added in the model to examine the impact of financial openness on economic growth. The Pedroni’s panel cointegration test is used to examine the existence of long-run relationship, and coefficients of cointegration are examined by fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS). Further panel Granger causality test is used to examine the direction of causality among the competing variables. The results of Pedroni’s panel cointegration test indicate that there exists a long-run relationship among the variables under considerations in BRICS countries. The coefficient of FMOLS and DOLS indicates that trade openness has a positive impact on economic growth in BRICS countries while FDI inflow has a negative impact in these nations. In addition, the results of panel Granger causality confirmed bidirectional causality between FDI inflow and economic growth in the short run. The study recommends that BRICS countries should liberalize trade openness as it strengthens the position of member countries in the world economy.

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