Effects of Multi-Directional Step-Up Training with Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation on Gait and Balance Ability in Stroke Patients

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of multi-directional step-up training with rhythmic auditory stimulation on gait and balance ability in stroke patients and also to help develop fall prevention and exercise programs for returning to daily life after stroke. The intervention method was randomly assigned to sixteen stroke patients, eight patients each in the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group carried out multi-directional step-up training with rhythmic auditory stimulation, and the control group performed only multi-directional step-up training. The training proceeded twelve times for 30 minutes for four weeks, and functional gait assessment, 10-meter walk test, and dynamic (by the Berg balance scale) and static (by Balancia software, Mintosys, Korea) balance ability assessments were conducted to examine the effect of the training on improving balance and gait ability. The study compared and analyzed the differences in the amount of change within the groups before and after training, and the differences in the amount of change between the two groups. Both groups showed more improved results after training than before in all assessments that measured gait and balance ability (p < 0.05). However, the experimental group showed a greater difference in the amount of change in every gait and balance ability assessment compared to the control group. (p < 0.05). Therefore, multi-directional step-up training can be an efficient intervention to improve the gait and balance ability of stroke patients and when accompanied by rhythmic auditory stimulation, the effectiveness could be maximized.

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Balance Training with Electromyogram-Triggered Functional Electrical Stimulation in the Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci10020080 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 80

Author(s):

Kyeongjin Lee

Keyword(s):

Muscle Activation ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Balance Training ◽

Control Group ◽

Static Balance ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Ankle Muscle ◽

Balance Ability ◽

Leg Muscle ◽

Experimental Group

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of balance training with electromyogram-triggered functional electrical stimulation (EMG-triggered FES) to improve static balance, dynamic balance, and ankle muscle activation in stroke patients. Forty-nine participants (>6 months after stroke) were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 25) and the control group (n = 24). The experimental group underwent balance training with EMG-triggered FES for 40 min a day, 5 days a week, for a 6-week period in addition to general rehabilitation. The control group underwent balance training without EMG-triggered FES along with conventional therapy. Outcome measures included static balance ability, dynamic balance ability, and leg muscle activation. The static and dynamic balance abilities were significantly improved after intervention in both groups (p < 0.05), although the experimental group showed considerably greater improvement than the control group (p < 0.05). Leg muscle activation on the affected side resulted in significant improvements in the experimental group (p < 0.05) when compared with baseline but not in the control group. Balance training with EMG-triggered FES is an acceptable and effective intervention to improve the static balance, dynamic balance, and ankle muscle activation in stroke patients.

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Exergames and Telerehabilitation on Smartphones to Improve Balance in Stroke Patients

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci10110773 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 773

Author(s):

Pablo I. Burgos ◽

Oriana Lara ◽

Alejandro Lavado ◽

Ignacia Rojas-Sepúlveda ◽

Carolina Delgado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Effectiveness ◽

Inertial Sensors ◽

Low Cost ◽

Functional Results ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Control Group ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Subacute Stroke ◽

System Usability Scale ◽

Before And After

Stroke is currently the world’s second cause of disability. It can cause deficits such as postural control, and telerehabilitation could improve the therapeutic dose as well as functional results. The aim of this work is to determine the effectiveness and usability of a low-cost telerehabilitation system in patients with stroke. We developed a telerehabilitation system based on exergames on smartphones, inertial sensors, and a cloud database. We trained the balance of six participants (three men and three women) in early subacute stroke (seven weeks of progress). In addition to their conventional treatment, these participants trained for a total of nine sessions of 30 min per week, for four weeks. The telerehabilitation group was compared with a control group of four clinically similar participants (three men and one woman). Clinical and usability measurements were made before and after the training. The results show a significant improvement of 11.3 ± 3.5 points in the Berg Balance Scale, 8.3 ± 3.01 points in the Mini-BESTest, and 17.5 ± 9.87 points in the Barthel scale for the telerehabilitation group. However, only the improvements of Berg and Barthel scales were statistically higher for the telerehabilitation group compared to the control group. The proposed system achieved excellent usability on the System Usability Scale (87.5 ± 11.61). Our results demonstrate that a complementary low-cost telemedicine approach is feasible, and that it can significantly improve the balance of stroke patients; therefore, the proposed clinical strategy could potentially improve dosage and overall treatment effectiveness.

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Improvement of Hand Motor Function after Radial Shock Wave Therapy in Chronic Stroke Patients

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation ◽

10.36803/2019.ikfr.07(1).01 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 2-12

Author(s):

M. Kamaluddin K ◽

Erna Setiawati ◽

Tanti Ajoe Kesoema

Keyword(s):

Shock Wave ◽

Motor Function ◽

Hand Function ◽

Chronic Stroke ◽

Control Group ◽

Shock Wave Therapy ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

IIntroduction: The Radial Shock Wave Therapy (RSWT) expected could improve spasticity and hand function in chronic stroke patients. This study aimed to find out the improvement of hand function after RSWT as an additional therapy in chronic stroke patients. Methods: Design study was a randomized controlled trial, in December 2018. The patients were assigned randomly to the experimental group (Infrared, Stretching, and RSWT) and control group (Infrared and Stretching) for six weeks. Hand motor function was measured using Fugl-Meyer Motor Assesment (FMA) before and after intervention. Results: The median values of wrist FMA scores in the experimental and control group before and after intervention were 2 vs 5 (p=0.001) and 3 vs 4 (p<0.001) respectively. The median values of hand FMA scores in the experimental and control group before and intervention were 4 vs 6 (p=0,.001) and 4 vs 5 (p<0.001). However, the delta between before and after intervention was higher in experimental group. Conclusion: The improvement of wrist and hand FMA scores after added treatment by RSWT was tend to higher.Keywords: Spasticity, Hand Function, Stroke, Radial Shock Therapy, Fugl-Meyer Motor Assesment

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Balance and Mobility Following Stroke: Effects of Physical Therapy Interventions With and Without Biofeedback/Forceplate Training

Physical Therapy ◽

10.1093/ptj/81.4.995 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 81 (4) ◽

pp. 995-1005 ◽

Cited By ~ 191

Author(s):

Ruth Ann Geiger ◽

Jeffery B Allen ◽

Joanne O'Keefe ◽

Ramona R Hicks

Keyword(s):

Physical Therapy ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Treatment Session ◽

Control Group ◽

Perceptual Skills ◽

Balance Scale ◽

Visual Biofeedback ◽

Before And After ◽

Therapy Interventions ◽

Experimental Group

Abstract Background and Purpose. Visual biofeedback/forceplate systems are often used for treatment of balance disorders. In this study, the researchers investigated whether the addition of visual biofeedback/forceplate training could enhance the effects of other physical therapy interventions on balance and mobility following stroke. Subjects. The study included a sample of convenience of 13 outpatients with hemiplegia who ranged in age from 30 to 77 years (X̄=60.4, SD=15.4) and were 15 to 538 days poststroke. Methods. Subjects were assigned randomly to either an experimental group or a control group when the study began, and their cognitive and visual-perceptual skills were tested by a psychologist. Subjects were also assessed using the Berg Balance Scale and the Timed “Up & Go” Test before and after 4 weeks of physical therapy. Both groups received physical therapy interventions designed to improve balance and mobility 2 to 3 times per week. The experimental group trained on the NeuroCom Balance Master for 15 minutes of each 50-minute treatment session. The control group received other physical therapy for 50 minutes. Results. Following intervention, both groups scored higher on the Berg Balance Scale and required less time to perform the Timed “Up & Go” Test. These improvements corresponded to increased independence of balance and mobility in the study population. However, a comparison of mean changes revealed no differences between groups. Discussion and Conclusion. Although both groups demonstrated improvement following 4 weeks of physical therapy interventions, no additional effects were found in the group that received visual biofeedback/forceplate training combined with other physical therapy.

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Improvement of Hand Motor Function after Radial Shock Wave Therapy in Chronic Stroke Patients

Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation ◽

10.36803/ijpmr.v7i01.115 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (01) ◽

pp. 2

Author(s):

M. Kamaluddin K ◽

Erna Setiawati ◽

Tanti Ajoe Kesoema

Keyword(s):

Shock Wave ◽

Motor Function ◽

Hand Function ◽

Chronic Stroke ◽

Control Group ◽

Shock Wave Therapy ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group

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Effects of Lower-Leg Kinesiology Taping on Balance Ability in Stroke Patients with Foot Drop

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2015/125629 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Young-Hyeon Bae ◽

Hyeong Geun Kim ◽

Kyung Sam Min ◽

Suk Min Lee

Keyword(s):

Scale Score ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Lower Leg ◽

Foot Drop ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Balance Scale ◽

Balance Ability ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Over Time

Objective. The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of lower-leg kinesiology taping on balance ability in stroke patients with foot drop.Design. Randomized controlled trial study.Method. Thirty stroke patients with foot drop were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group underwent kinesiology taping, and the control group underwent placebo taping. Balance ability was assessed before and after taping in both groups.Results. No difference was observed over time in the Berg Balance Scale score between the two groups, and a significant difference in the Berg Balance Scale score was observed only in the experimental group. Additionally, there were significant differences in the center of pressure area and limits of stability over time.Conclusion. Kinesiology taping temporarily improved static balance ability in stroke patients. However, its effect on dynamic balance was not verified. Therefore, further research on the influence of long-term kinesiology taping on dynamic balance and gait ability is suggested.

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Gait Training with Bilateral Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation in Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci8090164 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 164 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Soonhyun Lee ◽

Kyeongjin Lee ◽

Changho Song

Keyword(s):

Lower Extremity ◽

Conventional Therapy ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Beat Frequency ◽

Gait Training ◽

Auditory Stimulation ◽

Control Group ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Gait Symmetry ◽

Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of gait training with bilateral rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) on lower extremity rehabilitation in stroke patients. Forty-four participants (<6 months after stroke) were randomly allocated to the gait training with bilateral rhythmic auditory stimulation (GTBR) group (n = 23) and the control group (n = 21). The GTBR group had gait training with bilateral RAS for 30 min a day, 5 days a week, in a 6-week period, in addition to conventional therapy. The control group had gait training without RAS, and conventional therapy. Outcome measures included gait symmetry, gait ability, balance ability, and lower extremity function. Gait symmetry on step time showed significant improvements compared to baseline (p < 0.05) in the GTBR group, but not in the control group. Gait ability was significantly improved in both groups relative to baseline values (p < 0.05), and the GTBR group showed significantly greater improvement in comparison to the control group (p < 0.05). Both groups showed significant improvements in the Timed Up and Go test (TUG), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Fugl–Meyer Assessment (FMA) compared to baseline (p < 0.05). GTBR is an effective therapeutic method of improving symmetric gait in stroke rehabilitation. Moreover, we found that GTBR beat frequency matching fast step time might be even more beneficial in improving gait symmetry. Future studies may develop a method of applying RAS on step time and length for improvement of gait symmetry in stroke patients.

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PENGARUH ZIKIR TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PASIEN STROKE AKUT DI RSUP DR.M. DJAMIL PADANG

Jurnal Sehat Mandiri ◽

10.33761/jsm.v16i1.383 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 151-161

Author(s):

Hendri Budi ◽

Herwati Herwati

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Acute Stroke ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Therapy Intervention

70-94% of acute stroke patients have an increase in blood pressure. Relaxation can be done to treat hypertension. Relaxation in Islam uses zikr (remembering Allah SWT). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of zikr on reducing blood pressure in acute stroke patients. The research design was quasi-experimental, with two group pretest-posttest design with a control group. The experimental group was given the zikr therapy intervention. The sample of the study was acute stroke patients in the Nervous Room of RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. There were 40 samples, 20 people in the experimental group and 20 people in the control group obtained by purposive sampling. Data collection is September to November 2020 by measuring the patient's blood pressure before and after the intervention. The data is processed manually. Analysis of data with non-parametric Mann Whitney test. The results showed that there was no difference between systolic blood pressure before treatment in the intervention group and the control group (p = 0.976), but there was a difference after treatment (p = 0.000). There was no difference between diastolic blood pressure before treatment in the intervention group and the control group, (p = 0.294), but there was a difference after treatment (p = 0.000). The study concludes that zikr therapy can reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure in acute stroke patient. It is recommended to the head of the Nerve room to apply zikr therapy in acute stroke patients.

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Effects of Passive Bi-axial Ankle Movement Training with Electrical Stimulation on Ankle Sensorimotor Functions in Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-108748/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ji-Eun Cho ◽

Joon-Ho Shin ◽

Hogene Kim

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Chronic Stroke ◽

Control Group ◽

Functional Abilities ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Ankle Strength ◽

Ankle Proprioception ◽

Experimental Group

Abstract Background: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of passive biaxial ankle movement training synchronized with electrical stimulation therapy (AMT-EST) on ankle proprioception, ankle strength, balance, and gait in chronic stroke patients. We observed the changes in ankle sensorimotor function after stroke.Methods: Thirty-five stroke patients were randomized to an experimental or control group, and 30 patients completed the trials. The experimental group received AMT-EST on the affected ankle for 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week for 4 weeks, for a total of 20 sessions. The control group received electrical stimulation therapy on the affected ankle. The primary outcome measures were ankle proprioception, passive range of motion, and strength. The secondary outcome measures were balance and gait-related functional abilities.Results: Compared with those in the control group, the participants in the experimental group who received AMT-EST showed significant post-training improvement in ankle proprioception of eversion (P<0.05). The ankle passive range of motion (inversion and eversion), ankle strength (dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, inversion, and eversion), and functional abilities (Fugl–Meyer Assessment, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go test, Fall Efficacy Scale, and walking speed) significantly improved in the experimental group (P<0.05). Significant group×time interactions were observed in ankle passive range of motion (inversion and eversion), ankle strength (dorsiflexion), and Fugl–Meyer Assessment (P<0.05). All ankle proprioception moderately correlated with ankle passive range of motion (eversion), ankle strength (dorsiflexion and eversion), the Berg Balance Scale, and Fugl–Meyer Assessment (P<0.05).Conclusions: Biaxial AMT-EST effectively increased ankle proprioception, range of motion, strength, and functional abilities in chronic stroke patients. These findings suggest that AMT-EST can be proposed as a novel ankle rehabilitation program for chronic stroke patients with ankle sensorimotor impairment.Trial registration: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at a rehabilitation hospital (NRC-2017-04-035, National Rehabilitation Center, Seoul, South Korea) and retrospectively registered at a clinical trial registry on January 31, 2020 (CRIS, KCT0004688, https://cris.nih.go.kr/).

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The effects of golf training in patients with stroke: a pilot study

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610214002452 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 865-873 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Tobias Schachten ◽

Petra Jansen

Keyword(s):

Experimental Period ◽

Training Group ◽

Well Being ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Control Group ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Balance Test ◽

Assessment Tests ◽

Visual Spatial ◽

Before And After

ABSTRACTBackground:Stroke is the most common neurological disease and the primary cause of lifelong disability in industrialized countries. Because of this it is important to investigate any kind of successful therapy.Methods:From the 24 recruited stroke patients who were between 23 and 72 years old, 14 patients were separated either in a golf training group (EG), or a social communication meeting (CG). Both groups met for one hour sessions, twice a week, for ten weeks. All participants completed assessment tests before and after the experimental period: cognitive tests measuring attention (Go/No-Go task), visual-spatial memory (Block-Tapping test) and mental rotation performance (MRT); a balance test (Berg Balance Scale), and an emotional well-being test (CES-D-Scale).Results:The results show that both groups improved in the CES Scale, the block-tapping test and the balance test. In addition, stroke patients who received a golf training showed a significant improvement in the MRT comparing to the control group (CG).Conclusion:It is indicated that golf training can improve visual imagery ability in stroke patients, even late after stroke.

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