scholarly journals Survey and Design Consistency Evaluation in Two-Lane Rural Road Segments

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Lemonakis ◽  
George Kourkoumpas ◽  
George Kaliabetsos ◽  
Nikolaos Eliou
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rural Road ◽  
Instrumented Vehicle ◽  
Design Consistency ◽  
Consistency Evaluation ◽  
Road Segments

The present research proposes a time and cost-effective methodology to survey and perform a design consistency evaluation in two-lane rural road segments. The implementation of the proposed methodology carried out in Central Greece and more particularly along the national road Volos-Karditsa, from the local community Mikrothives up to the entrance of the Volos municipal unit. The road survey methodology, the process of creating the terrain model as well as the cross-check between the designed road with the requirements included in the Greek Road Design Guidelines Manual-Chapter X, are analytically presented. Similar checks are also performed for the sight distance throughout the road segments aiming to enable the rehabilitation of existing rural roads and enhance their safety level. The design of the road was followed by the execution of an experiment with the participation of a motorcycle rider aiming at the recording of his trajectory throughout the road which was then compared with its geometry. The experiment carried out by exploiting an instrumented vehicle and GPS technology. Several conclusions were drawn regarding the encroachment of the centerline and the deviation from the theoretical trajectory in the middle of the travelled way. Subsequently, the proposed methodology provides a reliable and simple solution of surveying and evaluating a 2-lane rural road in safety terms.

Actual Driving Data Analysis for Design Consistency Evaluation

2005 ◽  
Vol 1912 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Cafiso ◽  
Alessandro Di Graziano ◽  
Grazia La Cava
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Highway Design ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Instrumented Vehicle ◽  
Design Consistency ◽  
Consistency Of The Test ◽  
Consistency Evaluation

In recent years, researchers have proved that a consistent highway design ensures that successive elements are coordinated to produce harmonious and homogeneous driver performances and does not provoke unexpected events. Knowledge and practice show that drivers make fewer errors near geometric features that conform to their expectations. On this basis, the importance of identifying inconsistencies on highways for its significant contribution to road safety is emerging as an important feature in highway design. Although several techniques and models for evaluating the consistency of a design in a quantitative way have been identified and some countries have implemented the design consistency concept in their road design guidelines mainly in a qualitative way, there have been only a few efforts to measure actual driving behavior. The aim of this paper was to determine design inconsistencies on existing two-lane rural roads with the use of actual driving behavior by means of field data measurements and to verify their agreement with a consistency evaluation model. Furthermore, suitable equipment and a procedure for surveying driving dynamics and driver workload have been developed. In particular, driving behavior was assessed through direct measurements and parameters taken from data collected on a selected sample of test drivers by using a purposely designed instrumented vehicle. The vehicle, named the driver instrumented vehicle acquisition system (DIVAS), was driven under real traffic conditions on a two-lane rural road. The design classes of consistency of the test courses also were evaluated with a well-known safety criteria model. Data collection and treatment procedures are presented, and data analysis and results from this first experiment are given.

scholarly journals Design Consistency Index for Two-lane Roads based on Continuous Speed Profiles

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-239
Author(s):  
Raul Almeida ◽  
Luís Vasconcelos ◽  
Ana Bastos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Change ◽  
Consistency Index ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Driver Behaviour ◽  
The Road ◽  
Horizontal Curves ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Instrumented Vehicle ◽  
Design Consistency ◽  
Road Characteristics

It is well known that road accidents tend to be more frequent in locations where a sudden change in road characteristics violates the driver's expectations. Most methods used to assess the design consistency are based on simplified speed profiles that give a coarse description of the vehicle dynamics along the road. This paper presents a new approach to quantify the road design consistency, based on continuous operating speed profiles. These profiles are based on the Gipps’ car-following equations, adapted to simulate the driver behaviour in the vicinity of horizontal curves under free-flow conditions. A methodology to calibrate and validate the Gipps’ behavioural parameters from field data is presented and applied to predict the speed profiles of three drivers for a set of rural road segments. The calibration is based on trajectory data collected with an instrumented vehicle and it follows an automated procedure that aims to minimize the differences between the predicted and observed speed profiles. The new consistency index is based on the deceleration distances and it allows to overcome some limitations of the existing methods.

Effect of speed prediction models and perceived radius on design consistency

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel Richl ◽  
Tarek Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Operating Speed ◽  
The Road ◽  
Speed Prediction ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Design Speed ◽  
Design Consistency ◽  
Side Friction ◽  
Consistency Evaluation ◽  
Selection Of

The most frequently used criteria to evaluate design consistency are the difference between design speed and operating speed, operating speeds on successive elements, and assumed side friction of the road and that demanded by the driver. The operating speed, often obtained using speed prediction models, influences each design consistency criteria. There has been considerable research in developing design consistency measures and evaluation tools, but little research has been done on the influence that different speed prediction models have on design consistency criteria. In addition, there has been little research as to how design factors such as driver perception of combined horizontal and vertical curves influence speed prediction models. This paper investigates how the selection of speed prediction models and driver perception of combined horizontal and vertical curves influence design consistency evaluation. The selection of the speed prediction model has a significant impact on design consistency evaluation. The use of perceived radius, which accounts for driver perception of combined alignments, slightly influenced the outcome of the design consistency evaluation.Key words: design consistency, speed prediction models, driver perception, combined horizontal and vertical curves, perceived radius, geometric design.

scholarly journals Capacity in municipalities: Infrastructures, maintenance debts and ways of overcoming a run-to-failure mentality

2021 ◽  
pp. 026909422110304
Author(s):  
Jens Alm ◽  
Alexander Paulsson ◽  
Robert Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
The Road ◽  
Technical Capacity ◽  
Multidimensional Concept ◽  
Sewage Systems ◽  
Road Segments

There is a growing maintenance debt of ageing and critical infrastructures in many municipalities in European welfare states. In this article, we use the multidimensional concept of local capacity as a point of departure to analyse how and in what ways Swedish municipalities work with the routine maintenance of infrastructures, including municipal road networks as well as water and sewage systems. For the road networks, maintenance is generally outsourced to contractors and there is also a large degree of tolerance for various standards on different road segments within and between the municipalities. Less used road segments are not as prioritised as those with heavy traffic. For the water and sewage systems, in-house technical capacity is needed as differences in water quality are not tolerated. Economies of scale mean that in-house capacity is translated into the creation of inter-municipal bodies. As different forms of capacities tend to reinforce each other, municipal capacity builds up over time in circular movements. These results add knowledge to current research by pointing to the ways municipalities are overcoming a run-to-failure mentality by building capacity to pay off the infrastructural maintenance debt.

scholarly journals Lane Change Behavior on Freeways: An Online Survey Using Video Clips

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. Knoop ◽  
M. Keyvan-Ekbatani ◽  
M. de Baat ◽  
H. Taale ◽  
S. P. Hoogendoorn
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Lane Changes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Instrumented Vehicle ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Right

Freeways form an important part of the road network. Yet, driving behavior on freeways, in particular lane changes and the relation with the choice of speed, is not well understood. To overcome this, an online survey has been carried out. Drivers were shown video clips, and after each clip they had to indicate what they would do after the moment the video stopped. A total of 1258 Dutch respondents completed the survey. The results show that most people have a strategy to choose a speed first and stick to that, which is the first strategy. A second, less often chosen, strategy is to choose a desired lane and adapt the speed based on the chosen lane. A third strategy, slightly less frequently chosen, is that drivers have a desired speed, but contrary to the first strategy, they increase this speed when they are in a different lane overtaking another driver. A small fraction have neither a desired speed nor a desired lane. Of the respondents 80% use the right lane if possible, and 80% avoid overtaking at the right. Also 80% give way to merging traffic. The survey was validated by 25 survey respondents also driving an instrumented vehicle. The strategies in this drive were similar to those in the survey. The findings of this work can be implemented in traffic simulation models, e.g., to determine road capacity and constraints in geometric design.

Regression Analysis of Rural Road Traffic Accidents Causes

2011 ◽  
Vol 97-98 ◽  
pp. 1042-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Jiao Sun ◽  
Ru Yue Bai ◽  
Yuan Yuan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rural Road ◽  
Safety Awareness

9238 traffic accidents data are collected in rural road of China. Through the data analysis, the main causes of rural road traffic accident are presented. The external environment, the participant features, road features and accident characteristics are involved. The regression analysis in SPSS is applied to find the relationship between the accident features. Overall, the rural road traffic accident was mainly due to in the rural area there are mass travel mode, lower grade roads, poorer safety awareness of traveler and the road is lack of traffic safety facilities and so on.

scholarly journals Influence of Legislation on Road Traffic Safety

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Marijan Rajsman ◽  
Georg-Davor Lisicin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Prognostic Models ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Improvement Strategy ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Basic Hypothesis

The objective of this paper is to analyse road traffic safety in the Republic of Croatia based on the selected indicators which were used by the legislator in bringing the Law on Road Traffic Safety which has been in force since 28 July 2004, and the achieved effects in reaching the desired safety level in the three-year period from 2005 to 2007. The aim of the research is to establish a prognostic trend of the values of the studied indicators in the time period following the enforcement of new legal regulations. Adequate safety indicator values for the respective period were analyzed using the methods of analysis and synthesis, mathematical statistics as well as trend assessment based on the found mathematical prognostic models. Based on the results of this research it was found that the basic hypothesis according to which the implementation of new legal guidelines had to result in positive change in the condition of road traffic safety, failed to be confirmed. A change in the road traffic safety improvement strategy has been proposed as well as a more significant participation and recognition of the profession and science in this field which is of great significance for the society. KEY WORDS: influence of legal regulations, road traffic safety, effects and tendencies

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Effects of Heavy Vehicles on Roads in Southern and Northern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Osadebe ◽  
H. A. Quadri
Keyword(s):  
Northern Region ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Heavy Vehicle ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
The Road ◽  
Equivalency Factors ◽  
On The Road

The prevalence of flexible pavement deterioration in the country has been adduced largely by highway researchers to trucks or heavy vehicles carrying much in excess of permitted legal limits. This study investigated levels of deterioration of Abuja-Kaduna-Kano road (Northern region) and Port Harcourt-Enugu road (Southern region) caused by heavy vehicles through a 14 day traffic counts conducted at 5 strategic points each in the Northern and Southern regions. Traffic data generated were analyzed with AASHTO Design Guidelines (1993) to evaluate Equivalent Single Axle Loads (ESALs) and Vehicle Damage effects on the road. The Traffic Volume, Average Daily Traffic (ADT), and Heavy Vehicle per day (HV/day) were estimated to be 2,063,977; 147,427; and 12,246 respectively in the Northern region, while in the Southern region they were estimated to be 750,381; 53,670; and 20,951 respectively. Motorcycles, Passenger cars, Mini-buses/Pick-ups, and Heavy vehicles constitute 18.7%, 49.7%, 23.3% and 8.31% of the total traffic volume respectively in the Northern region while in the South they constitute 4.6%, 30.1%, 26.2% and 39.1% respectively. ESALs were estimated according to AASHTO Design Guidelines in the Northern and Southern regions as 547,730 and 836,208 respectively. An average Load Equivalency Factors (LEFs) of 3.43 and 3.02 were estimated for each heavy vehicle plying the Northern and Southern roads respectively and this could explain some failures (alligator cracks, potholes, depressions, linear or longitudinal cracks along the centre line amongst others) inherent on the road.

scholarly journals Towards a Rule-driven Approach for Updating Dynamic Road Segments

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Jelokhani-Niaraki ◽  
Ali Asghar Alesheikh ◽  
Abbas Alimohammadi ◽  
Abolghasem Sadeghi-Niaraki
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Dynamic Segmentation ◽  
Transportation Organization ◽  
Manual Tasks ◽  
The City ◽  
Transportation Applications ◽  
Road Segments

In recent years, the development of the GIS-T (Geographic Information System for Transportation) applications has gained much attention, providing the transportation planners and managers with in-depth knowledge to achieve better decisions. Needless to say, developing a successful GIS for transportation applications is highly dependent on the design of a well-structured data model. Dynamic segmentation (DS) data model is a popular one being used more and more for different GIS-T analyses, serving as a data model that splits linear features into new set of segments wherever its attributes change. In most cases, the sets of segments presenting a particular attribute change frequently. Transportation managers place great importance on having regular update and revision of segmented data to ensure correct and precise decisions are made. However, updating the segmented data manually is a difficult task and a time-consuming process to do, demanding an automatic approach. To alleviate this, the present study describes a rule-based method using topological concept to simply update road segments and replace the manual tasks that users are to carry out. The proposed approach was employed and implemented on real road network data of the City of Tehran provided by the Road Maintenance and Transportation Organization (RMTO) of Iran. The practical results demonstrated that the time, cost, human-type errors, and complexity involved in update tasks are all reduced. KEYWORDS: GIS-T, dynamic segmentation, segment, automatic update, change type, rule

scholarly journals A new approach to assess the influence of road roughness on driver speed behavior based on driving simulator tests

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Pernetti ◽  
Mauro D’Apuzzo Mauro D’Apuzzo ◽  
Francesco Galante
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Vertical Vibration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Roughness

Vehicle speed is one of main parameters describing driver behavior and it is of paramount importance as it affects the travel safety level. Speed is, in turn, affected by several factors among which in-vehicle vibration may play a significant role. Most of speed reducing traffic calming countermeasures adopted nowadays rely on vertical vibration level perceived by drivers that is based on the dynamic interaction between the vehicle and the road roughness. On the other hand, this latter has to be carefully monitored and controlled as it is a key parameter in pavement managements systems since it influences riding comfort, pavement damage and Vehicle Operating Costs. There is therefore the need to analyse the trade-off between safety requirements and maintenance issues related to road roughness level. In this connection, experimental studies aimed at evaluating the potential of using road roughness in mitigating drivers’ speed in a controlled environment may provide added value in dealing with this issue. In this paper a new research methodology making use of a dynamic driver simulator operating at the TEST Laboratory in Naples is presented in order to investigate the relationship between the driver speed behavior on one hand, and the road roughness level, road alignment and environment, vehicle characteristics on the other. Following an initial calibration phase, preliminary results seem fairly promising since they comply with the published data derived from scientific literature.

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