scholarly journals Impact of GFRA1 gene reactivation by DNA demethylation on prognosis of patients with metastatic colon cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Ru Ma ◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
Zhao-Jun Liu ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Lian-Kun Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Metastatic Colon Cancer ◽  
Gene Reactivation

scholarly journals Differential Regulation of Methylation-Regulating Enzymes by Senescent Stromal Cells Drives Colorectal Cancer Cell Response to DNA-Demethylating Epi-Drugs

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushboo Agrawal ◽  
Viswanath Das ◽  
Natálie Táborská ◽  
Ján Gurský ◽  
Petr Džubák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Metastatic Colon Cancer ◽  
Primary Tumor Site

The advanced-stage colon cancer spreads from primary tumor site to distant organs where the colon-unassociated stromal population provides a favorable niche for the growth of tumor cells. The heterocellular interactions between colon cancer cells and colon-unassociated fibroblasts at distant metastatic sites are important, yet these cell-cell interactions for therapeutic strategies for metastatic colon cancer remain underestimated. Recent studies have shown the therapeutic potential of DNA-demethylating epi-drugs 5-azacytidine (AZA) and 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (DAC) for the treatment of solid tumors. While the effects of these epi-drugs alone or in combination with other anticancer therapies are well described, the influence of stromal cells and their secretome on cancer cell response to these agents remain elusive. In this study, we determined the effect of normal and senescent colon-unassociated fibroblasts and their conditioned medium on colorectal cancer (CRC) cell response to AZA and DAC using a cell-based DNA demethylation reporter system. Our data show that fibroblasts accelerate cell proliferation and differentially regulate the expression of DNA methylation-regulating enzymes, enhancing DAC-induced demethylation in CRC cells. In contrast, the conditioned medium from senescent fibroblasts that upregulated NF-κB activity altered deoxycytidine kinase levels in drug-untreated CRC cells and abrogated DAC effect on degradation of DNA methyltransferase 1. Similar to 2D cultures, senescent fibroblasts increased DNA demethylation of CRC cells in coculture spheroids, in addition to increasing the stemness of CRC cells. This study presents the first evidence of the effect of normal and senescent stromal cells and their conditioned medium on DNA demethylation by DAC. The data show an increased activity of DAC in high stromal cell cocultures and suggest the potential of the tumor-stroma ratio in predicting the outcome of DNA-demethylating epigenetic cancer therapy.

Metastatic Colon Cancer in pregnancy: a treatment concept

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
IK Himsl ◽  
MS Lenhard ◽  
F von Koch ◽  
M Wichmann ◽  
A Schulze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Colon Cancer ◽  
Treatment Concept ◽  
Cancer In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Metastatic Colon Cancer on the Scalp.

1999 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-480
Author(s):  
Yoshio TSUJINO ◽  
Satoshi DEKIO
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Colon Cancer

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Effects of Curcumin Analogue (2E,6E)-2,6-Bis(2,3-Dimethoxybenzylidine) Cyclohexanone (DMCH) on Human Colon Cancer Cells HT29 and SW620 In Vitro

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1261
Author(s):  
Nurul Fattin Che Rahim ◽  
Yazmin Hussin ◽  
Muhammad Nazirul Mubin Aziz ◽  
Nurul Elyani Mohamad ◽  
Swee Keong Yeap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Metastatic Colon Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Colon Cancer ◽  
Sw620 Cell

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer worldwide and a leading cause of cancer death. According to the Malaysian National Cancer Registry Report 2012–2016, colorectal cancer was the second most common cancer in Malaysia after breast cancer. Recent treatments for colon cancer cases have caused side effects and recurrence in patients. One of the alternative ways to fight cancer is by using natural products. Curcumin is a compound of the rhizomes of Curcuma longa that possesses a broad range of pharmacological activities. Curcumin has been studied for decades but due to its low bioavailability, its usage as a therapeutic agent has been compromised. This has led to the development of a chemically synthesized curcuminoid analogue, (2E,6E)-2,6-bis(2,3-dimethoxybenzylidine) cyclohexanone (DMCH), to overcome the drawbacks. This study aims to examine the potential of DMCH for cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, and activation of apoptosis-related proteins on the colon cancer cell lines HT29 and SW620. The cytotoxic activity of DMCH was evaluated using the [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) cell viability assay on both of the cell lines, HT29 and SW620. To determine the mode of cell death, an acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI) assay was conducted, followed by Annexin V/FITC, cell cycle analysis, and JC-1 assay using a flow cytometer. A proteome profiler angiogenesis assay was conducted to determine the protein expression. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of DMCH in SW620 and HT29 was 7.50 ± 1.19 and 9.80 ± 0.55 µg/mL, respectively. The treated cells displayed morphological features characteristic of apoptosis. The flow cytometry analysis confirmed that DMCH induced apoptosis as shown by an increase in the sub-G0/G1 population and an increase in the early apoptosis and late apoptosis populations compared with untreated cells. A higher number of apoptotic cells were observed on treated SW620 cells as compared to HT29 cells. Human apoptosis proteome profiler analysis revealed upregulation of Bax and Bad proteins and downregulation of Livin proteins in both the HT29 and SW620 cell lines. Collectively, DMCH induced cell death via apoptosis, and the effect was more pronounced on SW620 metastatic colon cancer cells, suggesting its potential effects as an antimetastatic agent targeting colon cancer cells.

Metastasectomy for Stage IVA Colon Cancer: Does the Type of Treating Institution Make a Difference?

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482110233
Author(s):  
Shinho T. Kang ◽  
Ryan Moran ◽  
Lala Hussain ◽  
Hamza Guend ◽  
Erik M. Dunki-Jacobs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Colon Resection ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Metastatic Colon Cancer ◽  
Isolated Liver

Treatment of metastatic colon cancer has evolved over time. More evidence has been emerging in recent years supporting metastasectomy in selected patients. We sought to elucidate whether the type of institution—community, comprehensive community, academic/research, and integrated cancer network—would have an effect on patient outcome, specifically those colon cancer patients with isolated liver metastasis. This retrospective cohort study queried the National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2010 to 2014 for patients who were 18 years of age or older with stage IVA colon cancer with isolated liver metastasis. We then performed uni- and multivariate analyses comparing patients based on such factors as age, tumor characteristics, primary tumor location, rate of chemotherapy, and type of treating institution. Patients who came from regions of higher income, receiving chemotherapy, and presenting to an academic/research hospital were more likely to undergo metastasectomy. Median survival was longest at academic/community hospitals at 22.4 months, 6 to 7 months longer than the other three types of institutions. Factors positively affecting survival included receiving chemotherapy, presenting to an academic/research institution, and undergoing metastasectomy, all at P < .05. In our study, the rate of metastasectomy was more than double at academic/research institutions for those with stage IVA colon cancer with isolated liver metastasis. Prior studies have quoted a mere 4.1% synchronous colon resection and metastasectomy. Our findings suggest that we should maintain multidisciplinary approach to this complex disease process and that perhaps it is time for us to consider regionalization of care in treating metastatic colon cancer.

Concurrent measurements of carcinoembryonic antigen, glucosephosphate isomerase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase in malignant, normal adult, and fetal colon tissues.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 1809-1812 ◽  
Author(s):  
D D Munjal
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Metastatic Colon Cancer ◽  
Glucosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Fetal Organs

Abstract Carcinoembryonic antigen and activities of glucosephosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.9), γ-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2), and lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) were measured in aqueous extracts of fetal, normal adult, and malignant human colon tissues. Fetal colon, as well as primary and metastatic colon tumor tissue, showed higher activities of these analytes than did normal adult human colon. Liver metastases of colon cancer gave the highest values, normal adult human colon the lowest. Statistically, these differences were more striking in the case of carcinoembryonic antigen and glucosephosphate isomerase than for γ-glutamyltransferase or lactate dehydrogenase. In contrast to the other markers, γ-glutamyltransferase activity was lower in fetal organs than in normal adult colon and colon tumors. These results are consistent with earlier observations that activities of these markers are significantly increased in the blood of patients with metastatic colon cancer.

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