scholarly journals Трансформация европейской концепции многоязычия и межъязыковое взаимодействие пограничья

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Krivenkaya
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Intercultural Interaction ◽  
Current Vector

Процесс практической имплементации общеевропейской концепции многоязычия на региональном уровне учитывает разные формы и степень сопряжения культур, складывающиеся между народами на определенной территории. Современный вектор развития многоязычия, обозначенный призывами Идти на места и Изучать язык соседа , имеет целью учет национальной специфики и исторического опыта межкультурного взаимодействия народов, проживающих в условиях пограничья. Выводы автора о трансформации концепции многоязычия с вниманием к межъязыковому взаимодействию соседствующих народов базируются на анализе нормативной базы Совета Европы по вопросам языковой политики с акцентом на лингвокультурологический феномен пограничья.The specifics of the implementation at the regional level of the pan-European conceptof multilingualism take into account different forms and degree of conjugation of cultures that take shape between nations in a certain territory. The current vector of its development designated by the call Learn the language of the neighbor seeks to take account on the national specifics and the historical experience of intercultural interaction of peoples living in borderland conditions. The authors conclusions on the transformation of the concept of multilingualism with attention to the linguistic interaction of neighbouring peoples are based on an analysis of the Council of Europes regulatory framework on language policy issues, with an emphasis on the linguo-culturological aspect of the frontier.

Principals or Beginners? The Regions and the Local Railway System (1997–2011)

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Di Giulio
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Market Condition ◽  
Administrative Capacity ◽  
Railway System ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Bureaucratic Structure

AbstractThis article analyzes the implementation of the Italian railway reforms, with a focus on the process of regionalization started in 1997. Indeed, this sector represents a relevant challenge for the Italian legacy in the field, traditionally regulated by the bureaucratic structure of the Italian Railways, under direct ministerial control since 1905. However, after 10 years of implementation, Regions seem to have not yet enough financial resources and administrative capacity to deal with this policy. In addition, the national incumbent (FS) initiated a successful lobbying campaign to restrict the market condition at regional level in order to protect its own domain. As a result, the regionalization process appears to be dominated by national actors and highly politicized dynamics which undermine the creation of a stable and accountable regulatory framework.

Adani Power Limited (B): Renegotiating Long-term Electricity Contracts

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Ajay Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Financial Problems ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Fixed Price

Adani Power Limited (B) is the second case in a series of cases on the attempts by the firm to wriggle out of the negative consequences of the long-term fixed price power purchase agreements it had entered into. Changes in Indonesian regulations for coal exported from Indonesia created serious financial problems for the firm. This case describes how the firm was able to get relief from the regulator and raises public policy issues including the robustness of guidelines for procurement of power and the regulatory framework.

scholarly journals Was Poland the next Spain? Parallel analysis of regional convergence patterns after accession to the European Union

Equilibrium ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Regional Convergence ◽  
Income Convergence ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Sigma Convergence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Research background: Poland and Spain share many common features resulting both from similarities of historical experience, and also cultural, political, socio-demographic factors. Both countries have a similar area, population and GDP structure. They also share historical experience related to political and economic transformation after a long period of non-democratic, centralized governments. Therefore, the experience of Spanish membership in the EU is often considered as a model for Poland. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this research is to perform a comparative empirical analysis of income convergence processes in Poland and Spain on a regional level. We aim to verify if and how these processes are related to one an-other (show similar paths). Special attention is paid to the periods after accession of these countries to the EU. Convergence patterns in both countries are compared with several tools. Methods: Spatial econometric model for absolute beta convergence, sigma convergence indicators and the analysis of distribution dynamics — transition matrices and kernel density estimation. Findings & Value added: The impact on EU accession on income convergence in Spain was positive both at the national and regional level. Regional convergence processes sped-up and interregional disparities decreased. The poorest subregions had relatively high probability to increase their income and catch-up with initially more developed regions. In the first decade after accession to the EU Poland has also achieved a significant improvement of income indicators at the national level. However, empirical analyses of GDP per capita distribution and its dynamics at the regional level in Poland show that the above mentioned progress does not spread out proportionally on all regions. Neither beta nor sigma convergence is observed. Instead, relatively fastest growth of initially richest regions (mostly large cities) introduces convergence of clubs leading to polarization. EU accession has accelerated divergence processes in Poland.

scholarly journals A promoção e difusão da língua portuguesa – vozes de estudantes lusófonos

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
Maria Helena Ançã
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Dissemination Process ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Language Promotion ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Contemporary Approach

RESUMO:O interesse atual pela promoção e difusão da Língua Portuguesa e pela sua internacionalização tem conduzido a diferentes iniciativas, em diferentes contextos, nomeadamente no acadêmico. Assim, tendo em conta que os professores de Português são agentes decisivos no processo de difusão da língua, foi realizado um estudo com o objetivo de conhecer a perspetiva de futuros professores de Português sobre esta questão. Para o efeito, foi passado um questionário em três Universidades (Portugal, Brasil e Cabo Verde), tendo os dados sido tratados na Universidade portuguesa, com recurso ao programa informático NVivo10. Os resultados apontam para a nítida consciência da importância que estes sujeitos têm da difusão da LP, mas da pouca convicção que cada um tem sobre si neste processo. Como conclusão, é sublinhado que a formação de professores de Português terá de integrar uma abordagem mais lata que contemple questões de políticas linguísticas, com o reconhecimento das diferentes dimensões que a LP comporta.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Língua Portuguesa; promoção e difusão; formação de professores de Português. ABSTRACT: The current interest in the promotion and diffusion of the Portuguese language (PL) and in its internationalization has led to various initiatives in different contexts, particularly in the academic one. Thus, given that PL teachers are decisive agents in this dissemination process, a study has been carried out in order to ascertain the standpoint of future PL teachers. To this end, a questionnaire was distributed in three Universities (Portugal, Brazil and Cape Verde), and the data was treated in the Portuguese university, using the NVivo10 software program. The results indicate that these students have a clear awareness of the importance of spreading the PL, but little conviction about their role in this process. The findings emphasize the need to integrate in the training of PL teachers a broader and contemporary approach addressing language policy issues, acknowledging the different dimensions comprising the PL.KEYWORDS: Portuguese language; promotion and diffusion; training of Portuguese language teachers.

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