scholarly journals Detection of Mn – Dependent Chitinase for Wheat Root Rot Disease Control by Real time PCR

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

scholarly journals The influence of rhizosphere soil fungal diversity and complex community structure on wheat root rot disease

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12601
Author(s):  
Xuejiang Zhang ◽  
Heyun Wang ◽  
Yawei Que ◽  
Dazhao Yu ◽  
Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Filling Stage ◽  
Rot Disease

Wheat root rot disease due to soil-borne fungal pathogens leads to tremendous yield losses worth billions of dollars worldwide every year. It is very important to study the relationship between rhizosphere soil fungal diversity and wheat roots to understand the occurrence and development of wheat root rot disease. A significant difference in fungal diversity was observed in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased wheat roots in the heading stage, but the trend was the opposite in the filling stage. The abundance of most genera with high richness decreased significantly from the heading to the filling stage in the diseased groups; the richness of approximately one-third of all genera remained unchanged, and only a few low-richness genera, such as Fusarium and Ceratobasidium, had a very significant increase from the heading to the filling stage. In the healthy groups, the abundance of most genera increased significantly from the heading to filling stage; the abundance of some genera did not change markedly, or the abundance of very few genera increased significantly. Physical and chemical soil indicators showed that low soil pH and density, increases in ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen contributed to the occurrence of wheat root rot disease. Our results revealed that in the early stages of disease, highly diverse rhizosphere soil fungi and a complex community structure can easily cause wheat root rot disease. The existence of pathogenic fungi is a necessary condition for wheat root rot disease, but the richness of pathogenic fungi is not necessarily important. The increases in ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen contributed to the occurrence of wheat root rot disease. Low soil pH and soil density are beneficial to the occurrence of wheat root rot disease.

scholarly journals Biocontrol Agents for Controlling Wheat Root Rot Disease under Greenhouse Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Abdel-Kader ◽  
N.S. El-Mougy ◽  
M.S.A. Khalil ◽  
N.G. El-Gamal
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Wheat Diseases ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Soil Borne Fungi

Background: The most important wheat diseases that caused by soil-borne fungi are the root-rot disease. The current investigation conducted with evaluation the efficacy of some bioagents, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Azospirillum brasilense, Trichoderma harzianum, commercial bioagent (Planta guard) and chitosan against the causal pathogenic organisms of wheat root rot disease under greenhouse conditions. Methods: Wheat seedlings infected with root rot disease were subjected to the causal fungal isolation trails. In greenhouse, wheat grains were sown individually in pots containing artificially infested soil with the pathogenic fungi R. solani or F. graminearum. Furthermore, the tested bioagents and the fungicide Topsin-M 70 were applied to the infested soil before sowing. Result: The isolated fungi were R. solani or F. graminearum had proved their pathogenic ability to induce root rot disease of wheat. In pot experiment, all applied treatments affect root rot incidence of grown wheat seedlings in artificially infested soils with disease incidents. In infested soils with root rot incidents, bacterial bioagents reduced root rot incidence by 84.5-93.6% and 28.4- 35.3% 66.6, respectively and by 43.7% for T. harzianum. Moderate effect was obtained by chitosan and planta guard treatments in soil infested with either pathogenic fungi.

The Influence of Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Diversity and Complex Community Structure to Wheat Root Rot Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejiang Zhang ◽  
Heyun Wang ◽  
Gavin Ash ◽  
Dazhao Yu ◽  
Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Filling Stage ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Soil Fungal Diversity

Abstract Background: Wheat root rot disease due to soil-borne fungal pathogens leads to tremendous yield losses worth billions of dollars worldwide every year. It is very important to study the relationship between rhizosphere soil fungal diversity and wheat roots to understand the occurrence and development of wheat root rot disease. Results: A significant difference in fungal diversity was observed in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased wheat roots in the heading stage, but the trend was the opposite in the filling stage. The abundance of most genera with high richness decreased significantly from the heading to the filling stage in the diseased groups; the richness of approximately one-third of all genera remained unchanged, and only a few low-richness genera, such as Fusarium and Ceratobasidium, had a very significant increase from the heading to the filling stage. In the healthy groups, the abundance of most genera increased significantly from the heading to the filling stage; the abundance of some genera did not change markedly, or the abundance of very few genera increased significantly. Physical and chemical soil indicators showed that low soil pH and density, increases in ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen contributed to the occurrence of wheat root rot disease. Conclusions: Our results revealed that in the early stages of disease, highly diverse rhizosphere soil fungi and a complex community structure can easily cause wheat root rot disease. The existence of pathogenic fungi is a necessary condition for wheat root rot disease, but the richness of pathogenic fungi is not necessarily important. The increases in ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen contributed to the occurrence of wheat root rot disease. Low soil pH and soil density are beneficial to the occurrence of wheat root rot disease. Keywords: Rhizosphere soil, Fungal diversity, Community structure, Wheat root rot disease

scholarly journals The Influence of Rhizosphere Fungal Diversity and Complex Community Structure to Wheat Root Rot Disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejiang Zhang ◽  
Heyun Wang ◽  
Gavin Ash ◽  
Dazhao Yu ◽  
Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Filling Stage ◽  
Rot Disease

Background: Wheat root rot disease due to soil-borne fungal pathogens leads to tremendous yield losses worth billions of dollars worldwide every year. It is very important to study the relationship between rhizosphere fungal diversity and wheat roots to understand the occurrence and development of wheat root rot disease. Results: A significant difference in fungal diversity was observed between the diseased and healthy groups in the heading stage, but the trend was the opposite in the filling stage. The abundance of most genera with high richness decreased significantly from the heading to the filling stage in the diseased groups; the richness of approximately one-third of all genera remained unchanged, and only a few low-richness genera, such as Fusarium and Ceratobasidium, had a very significant increase from the heading to the filling stage. In the healthy groups, the abundance of most genera increased significantly from the heading to the filling stage; the abundance of some genera did not change markedly, or the abundance of very few genera increased significantly. Physical and chemical soil indicators showed that low soil pH and density, increases in ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen contributed to the occurrence of wheat root rot disease. Conclusions: Our results revealed that in the early stages of disease, highly diverse rhizosphere fungi and a complex community structure can easily cause wheat root rot disease. The existence of pathogenic fungi is a necessary condition for wheat root rot disease, but the richness of pathogenic fungi is not necessarily important. The increases in ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen contributed to the occurrence of wheat root rot disease. Low soil pH and soil density are beneficial to the occurrence of wheat root rot disease.

scholarly journals Biological control of Phaseolus vulgaris and Pisum sativum root rot disease using Trichoderma species

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hammad Abdelwanees Ketta ◽  
Omar Abd El-Raouf Hewedy
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Pea Root ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Pea Root Rot

Abstract Background Root rot pathogens reported to cause considerable losses in both the quality and productivity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.). It is an aggressive crop disease with detriment economic influence caused by Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani among other soil-borne fungal pathogens. Destructive plant diseases such as root rot have been managed in the last decades using synthetic pesticides. Main body Seeking of economical and eco-friendly alternatives to combat aggressive soil-borne fungal pathogens that cause significant yield losses is urgently needed. Trichoderma emerged as promising antagonist that inhibits pathogens including those inducing root rot disease. Detailed studies for managing common bean and pea root rot disease using different Trichoderma species (T. harzianum, T. hamatum, T. viride, T. koningii, T. asperellum, T. atroviridae, T. lignorum, T. virens, T. longibrachiatum, T. cerinum, and T. album) were reported both in vitro and in vivo with promotion of plant growth and induction of systemic defense. The wide scale application of selected metabolites produced by Trichoderma spp. to induce host resistance and/or to promote crop yield, may represent a powerful tool for the implementation of integrated pest management strategies. Conclusions Biological management of common bean and pea root rot-inducing pathogens using various species of the Trichoderma fungus might have taken place during the recent years. Trichoderma species and their secondary metabolites are useful in the development of protection against root rot to bestow high-yielding common bean and pea crops.

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