Flexible attention system: Appearance time of split attention changes in accordance with the task difficulty level

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangyao Zu ◽  
Hanbin Sang ◽  
Heng Zhou ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Xiaogang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Appearance Time ◽  
Attention System ◽  
Split Attention

scholarly journals Understanding the mechanism of traffic hysteresis and traffic oscillations through the change in task difficulty level

2017 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 523-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saifuzzaman ◽  
Zuduo Zheng ◽  
Md. Mazharul Haque ◽  
Simon Washington
Keyword(s):  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Traffic Oscillations

Test Quality Analysis during Specialist Certification on Acoustic Emission Nondestructive Testing of Railway Objects

NDT World ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Платунов ◽  
Andrey Platunov ◽  
Богдан ◽  
Olga Bogdan ◽  
Волкова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Test Quality ◽  
Test Task ◽  
Emission Testing ◽  
Acoustic Emission Testing

The results of qualification exams during specialist certification on acoustic emission nondestructive testing of railway objects are analyzed. The correspondence of task test difficulty with the level of specialist preparedness for certification is considered using the Rush method. Analysis of test results in specialist certification has shown: - the presence of the deviation in the distribution of test task difficulty level histograms from the uniform law, especially for special exam tests, that requires the elimination of the tasks with very low and very high difficulty level logits, as well as increasing the number of the tasks with the minimum function of task test difficulty logit; - the necessity of training intensification in the test topics corresponding to minimum specialist preparedness logits. The obtained results are the bases for following analyses of the test task difficulty; the reasons of insufficient learning topic tasks with a low percentage of answer; making the possible adjustments in the consulting sessions, as well as the content and form of the test. To exclude the test bias, the interview with certified specialist is carried out in examination center allowing specifying whether the specialist knows the basic concepts and has acoustic emission testing technology skills. In general the performed analysis showed a high preparedness degree for most specialists due to regular training and at least a year work experience on acoustic emission testing.

Yoked Design and Secondary Task in Adaptive Training

1982 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
David F. Johnson ◽  
Robert C. Haygood ◽  
William M. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Secondary Task ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Primary Task ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Adaptive Training ◽  
Level Of Difficulty

This paper describes two methodological innovations in the study of adaptive training. The first is the use of a yoked design to insure that the average level of task difficulty for fixed-difficulty subjects is the same as the average level of difficulty reached by adaptive subjects. The second is the demonstration of the feasibility of using a secondary (subsidiary, non-loading) task to furnish the adaptive criterion for changing the difficulty level of the primary task. The results of two experiments are reported. Both experiments demonstrate the feasibility and utility of yoked design and adaptation on secondary task performance in adaptive training.

In Search of Workload Context Effects Using a Compensatory Tracking Task

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (24) ◽  
pp. 2095-2098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Voorheis ◽  
William F. Moroney ◽  
David W. Biers ◽  
F. Thomas Eggemeier
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Context Effect ◽  
Context Effects ◽  
Flight Simulation ◽  
Tracking Task ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures Design

This study examined whether or not prior levels of task difficulty (context effects) impacted subsequent performance and workload ratings. Previous research by Hancock, et al. (1995) found context effects for workload ratings. Similar studies, (Fischer, 1995; Moroney et al., 1993; Rench 2002) using flight simulation tasks had not demonstrated context effects. In the current study, twelve participants completed three sessions of three compensatory tracking trials each using the Multi-Attribute Task Battery (MATB) tracking task. RMSE scores and TLX ratings were analyzed for each trial. A repeated measures design presented the first trial (Baseline) and the third trial (Critical) at a medium difficulty level. The (context inducing) middle trial had three levels of difficulty (low, medium and high). Performance and workload ratings for the baseline and critical trial were compared and showed no difficulty by trial interaction. Therefore, contrary to Hancock, et al., no context effect was obtained.

scholarly journals Cognitive resilience in bilinguals and its potentiality in dealing with cognitive load

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setareh Doroud ◽  
Zari Saeedi ◽  
Narges Radman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Stroop Task ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Bilingual Advantage ◽  
Cognitive Benefits ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Verbal Production

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated different patterns of results regarding cognitive benefits of bilingualism, ranging from bilingual advantage to no effect of bilingualism. This study examined the potential effect of bilingualism on cognitive resilience and performance. We recruited 21 Persian monolinguals and 19 Persian-English bilinguals. Color-Word Stroop task was used concurrently with verbal production tasks in order to produce three levels of task difficulty, i.e., doing the Stroop task while being silent (level 1), alphabet reciting (level 2), and counting odd numbers (level 3). We investigated the pattern of changes in Stroop task performance when faced with different difficulty levels Bilinguals showed less change in their performance in the Stroop task when faced with high cognitive load (high task difficulty level). However, monolinguals showed a significant decrease in their performance when the cognitive load increased. Our data support the “Bilingual Advantage” view. However, this advantage is highlighted in cognitively demanding tasks.

scholarly journals Comparing the Difficulty of Tasks Using Eye Tracking Combined with Subjective and Behavioural Criteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Andrzejewska ◽  
Anna Stolińska
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Fixation Duration ◽  
Mental Effort ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
School Age ◽  
Movement Parameters

In this article, we attempted to examine the issue of the existence of differences in eye move-ment of school-age students as they solve tasks of different difficulty levels in the sciences and natural sciences (computer science, mathematics, physics, biology). Categories of the task’s difficulty level were established on the basis of two types of criteria: subjective (an evaluation made by the subjects) and behavioural (connected to the correctness of their solution). The relationships of these criteria with the visual activity parameters, which were considered to be indicators of mental effort, were identified. An analysis of the data obtained enabled the observation of discrepancies in categorizing difficulties of the tasks on the basis of subjective and behavioural criteria. A significant and strong correlation was noticed between task difficulty level, determined by the percentage of correct answers, and the fixation parameters, although such a relationship with the blink parameters was not found. There was no correlation of the activity of the eye movement parameters, considered to be mental effort indicators, with a student’s opinion about the task’s difficulty level. On the basis of the investigations made, it can be stated that the fixation duration average can be taken as an index of the difficulty level of the task being solved.

scholarly journals A behavioral paradigm for cortical control of a robotic arm by freely moving rats in a one-dimensional center-out reaching task

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Muhammad Talha Zaidi ◽  
Samet Kocatürk ◽  
Tunçer Baykaş ◽  
Mehmet Kocatürk
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Reaching Task ◽  
Freely Moving Rats ◽  
Behavioral Paradigm ◽  
Freely Moving

AbstractObjectiveBrain-machine interfaces (BMIs) are promising candidates for restoring the lost motor system functions. Center-out reaching task is a commonly used BMI control paradigm in humans and monkeys and has not been available for rodents yet. In this work, our goal was to develop a behavioral paradigm which enables rats to control a neuroprosthesis in a center-out reaching task applied in one-dimensional space.ApproachThe experimental setup mainly consisted of a behavioral cage and a robotic workspace outside the cage. Two distant targets were located on the left and right sides of the central starting position of the robot endpoint. An online transform algorithm was used to convert the activity of a pair of recorded primary motor cortex units into two robotic actions. An increase in the activity of one of the units directed the robot endpoint toward left while an increase in the other moved it toward right. The task difficulty level which was proportional to the distance between the selected target and the initial position of the robot endpoint at the beginning of trials was increased gradually as the rat adapts with the transform.Main ResultsAll three rats involved in the study were capable of achieving randomly selected targets with at least 78% accuracy in the highest task difficulty level, in center-out reaching task. A total of 9 out of 16 pairs of units examined were eligible for training in center-out reaching task. Two out of three rats were capable of reversal learning where the mapping between the activity of the unit pairs and the robotic actions were reversed.SignificanceThe present behavioral paradigm enabled freely moving rats to control a robotic arm through primary motor cortex neurons in a one-dimensional center-out reaching task. It may offer a cost-effective alternative for the BMI studies requiring one-dimensional, bidirectional neuroprosthetic actions.

scholarly journals How Does the Adjustment of Training Task Difficulty Level Influence Tactical Behavior in Soccer?

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Cláudio Machado ◽  
Daniel Barreira ◽  
Israel Teoldo ◽  
Bruno Travassos ◽  
João Bosco Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Training Task

How Hard Will this Task Be? Developments in Analyzing and Predicting Question Difficulty in the Bebras Challenge

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 119-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem van der VEGT
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Question Difficulty ◽  
And Task

Predicting the difficulty level of a task on the concepts of computer science or computational thinking, like in the Bebras Challenge, proves to be really hard. Question difficulty breaks down in content difficulty, stimulus difficulty and task difficulty. Several instruments are suggested to predict the overall difficulty level, like using a questionnaire or a rubric; these instruments are applied on the data of a recent contest and proved useful. Relative scoring could also turnout helpful. Especially on content difficulty easy applicable solutions are lacking.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document