Brain activity related to the ability to inhibit previous task sets: an fMRI study

AbstractBrain activity associated with pain perception has been revealed by numerous PET and fMRI studies over the past few decades. These findings helped to establish the concept of the pain matrix, which is the distributed brain networks that demonstrate pain-specific cortical activities. We previously found that peripheral arterial stiffness $${\beta }_{\text{art}}$$ β art responds to pain intensity, which is estimated from electrocardiography, continuous sphygmomanometer, and photo-plethysmography. However, it remains unclear whether and to what extent $${\beta }_{\text{art}}$$ β art aligns with pain matrix brain activity. In this fMRI study, 22 participants received different intensities of pain stimuli. We identified brain regions in which the blood oxygen level-dependent signal covaried with $${\beta }_{\text{art}}$$ β art using parametric modulation analysis. Among the identified brain regions, the lateral and medial prefrontal cortex and ventral and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex were consistent with the pain matrix. We found moderate correlations between the average activities in these regions and $${\beta }_{\text{art}}$$ β art (r = 0.47, p < 0.001). $${\beta }_{\text{art}}$$ β art was also significantly correlated with self-reported pain intensity (r = 0.44, p < 0.001) and applied pain intensity (r = 0.43, p < 0.001). Our results indicate that $${\beta }_{\text{art}}$$ β art is positively correlated with pain-related brain activity and subjective pain intensity. This study may thus represent a basis for adopting peripheral arterial stiffness as an objective pain evaluation metric.

Download Full-text

Distinguishing hypochondriasis and schizophrenia using regional homogeneity: a resting-state fMRI study and support vector machine analysis

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1017/neu.2021.9 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-29

Author(s):

Kangyu Jin ◽

Zhe Shen ◽

Guoxun Feng ◽

Zhiyong Zhao ◽

Jing Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Resting State ◽

Parietal Lobe ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Resting State Fmri ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Regional Homogeneity ◽

Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽

Support Vector ◽

Fmri Study

Abstract Objective: A few former studies suggested there are partial overlaps in abnormal brain structure and cognitive function between Hypochondriasis (HS) and schizophrenia (SZ). But their differences in brain activity and cognitive function were unclear. Methods: 21 HS patients, 23 SZ patients, and 24 healthy controls (HC) underwent Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) with the regional homogeneity analysis (ReHo), subsequently exploring the relationship between ReHo value and cognitive functions. The support vector machines (SVM) were used on effectiveness evaluation of ReHo for differentiating HS from SZ. Results: Compared with HC, HS showed significantly increased ReHo values in right middle temporal gyrus (MTG), left inferior parietal lobe (IPL) and right fusiform gyrus (FG), while SZ showed increased ReHo in left insula, decreased ReHo values in right paracentral lobule. Additionally, HS showed significantly higher ReHo values in FG, MTG and left paracentral lobule but lower in insula than SZ. The higher ReHo values in insula were associated with worse performance in MCCB in HS group. SVM analysis showed a combination of the ReHo values in insula and FG was able to satisfactorily distinguish the HS and SZ patients. Conclusion: our results suggested the altered default mode network (DMN), of which abnormal spontaneous neural activity occurs in multiple brain regions, might play a key role in the pathogenesis of HS, and the resting-state alterations of insula closely related to cognitive dysfunction in HS. Furthermore, the combination of the ReHo in FG and insula was a relatively ideal indicator to distinguish HS from SZ.

Download Full-text

Distinct patterns of spontaneous brain activity between children and adults with anisometropic amblyopia: a resting-state fMRI study

Graefe s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology ◽

10.1007/s00417-015-3117-9 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 254 (3) ◽

pp. 569-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Minglong Liang ◽

Bing Xie ◽

Hong Yang ◽

Longhua Yu ◽

Xuntao Yin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resting State ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Resting State Fmri ◽

Spontaneous Brain Activity ◽

Anisometropic Amblyopia ◽

Fmri Study

Download Full-text

Does bracing influence brain activity during knee movement: an fMRI study

Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy ◽

10.1007/s00167-009-1012-9 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 1145-1149 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Youri Thijs ◽

Guy Vingerhoets ◽

Els Pattyn ◽

Lies Rombaut ◽

Erik Witvrouw

Keyword(s):

Brain Activity ◽

Knee Movement ◽

Fmri Study

Download Full-text

An fMRI study of face encoding and recognition in first-episode schizophrenia

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1111/j.1601-5215.2008.00280.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 129-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Anantha P. P. Anilkumar ◽

Veena Kumari ◽

Ravi Mehrotra ◽

Ingrid Aasen ◽

Martina T. Mitterschiffthaler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Face Recognition ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

First Episode ◽

Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Social Situations ◽

Fmri Study ◽

On Line ◽

First Episode Schizophrenia

Background:Schizophrenia has been associated with limited abilities to interact effectively in social situations. Face perception and ability to recognise familiar faces are critical for social interaction. Patients with chronic schizophrenia are known to show impaired face recognition. Studying first-episode (FE) patients allows the exclusion of confounding effects of chronicity, medication and institutionalisation in this deficit.Objective:To determine brain (dys)functions during a face encoding and recognition paradigm in FE schizophrenia.Methods:Thirteen antipsychotic-naïve FE schizophrenia patients and 13 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during a face encoding and recognition paradigm. Behavioural responses were recorded on line.Results:Patients recognised significantly fewer of previously presented faces than the controls (p = 0.008). At the neural level, both groups activated a network of regions including the fusiform area, occipital, temporal and frontal regions. In brain activity, the two groups did not differ in any region during encoding or recognition conditions (p > 0.05, corrected or uncorrected).Conclusions:Our findings show impaired face recognition without a significant alteration of related brain activity in FE schizophrenia patients. It is possible that neural changes become more strongly evident with progression of the illness, and manifest themselves as behavioural impairments during the early course.

Download Full-text