"The solutions to the THAAD conflict in Seongju: With a focus on domination and counter-argument discourses"

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-108
Author(s):  
Byoungrok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Counter Argument

Metode Tematik Multidisipliner: Aplikasi Pada Tafsir Ekologi Berwawasan Gender

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-114
Author(s):  
Nur Arfiyah Febriani
Keyword(s):  
Counter Argument

Perkembangan metode tafsir al-Quran kontemporer semakin menggeliat seiring dengan kebutuhan dan tantangan zaman. Metode tafsir maudu’i atau tematik misalnya, sejak diperkenalkan oleh al-Kumi dan dijelaskan sistematikanya oleh al-Farmawi, membawa kajian al-Quran semakin bervariasi, hasil kajiannya dianggap lebih mampu menjawab problematika sosial kontemporer. Gaya dari metode ini dimulai dari penelitian kajian kosa kata dalam al-Quran sampai kepada sebuah konsep yang dibutuhkan untuk menjawab permasalahan dan diharapkan dapat membantu menciptakan al-sakīnah al-ijtimā’iyyah (kedamaian di tengah masyarakat). Namun demikian, metode ini kemudian juga ditantang harus mampu merespon dinamika sosial yang terkait dengan perkembangan sains kontemporer. Hal ini yang belum digagas sistematikanya dalam metode tafsir tematik.Oleh sebab itu, metode ini perlu dikembangkan, mengingat kajian tafsir tematik semakin diminati para peneliti dengan berbagai background keilmuan yang beragam. Metode tematik multidisipliner adalah metode yang penulis gagas dengan pemahaman bahwa: metode tafsir tematik yang membahas dan mengkaji objek dan mengakaitkannya dengan beberapa disiplin ilmu. Metode ini memiliki beberapa langkah yaitu: 1. Menentukan masalah yang akan diteliti; 2. Analisis kritis pendapat para ahli terkait permasalahan yang diangkat dari sisi ilmu naqliyah, ‘aqliyah, dan ‘amaliyah; 3. Melacak dan mengkoleksi ayat-ayat sesuai topik yang diangkat; 4. Menata ayat-ayat tersebut secara kronologis (sebab turunnya), mendahulukan ayat makiyah dari madaniyah dan jika ada disertai pembahasan tentang latar belakang turunnya ayat (dalam bentuk tabel); 5. Mengetahui korelasi (munāsabah) ayat-ayat tersebut; 6. Menyusun tema bahasan dalam kerangka yang sistematis (outline); 7. Analisis komparatif antara respon al-Quran dan hadis terhadap pendapat pro/kontra para saintis; 8. Menyimpulkanperspektif al-Quran dan hadis; 9.“Counter argument” dengan menawarkan konsep yang akomodatif, integratif dan solutif. Dalam contoh aplikasi metode ini, konsep yang ditemukan adalah bahwa: perspektif al-Qur’an mengenai ekologi berwawasan gender mengusung teori ekohumanis teosentris. Hal ini berdasarkan deskripsi al-Qur’an mengenai interkoneksi dan interaksi harmonis antara manusia dengan dirinya sendiri (ḥabl ma‘a nafsih), manusia dengan sesama manusia (ḥabl ma‘a ikhwānih), manusia dengan alam raya (ḥabl ma‘a bī’atih) dan manusia dengan Allah (ḥabl ma‘a Khāliqih), tanpa membedakan antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Selain itu, dengan ditemukannya isyarat keseimbangan karakter feminin dan maskulin dalam setiap individu manusia, penulis ini berbeda pendapat dengan tokoh ekofeminis yang menganggap kerusakan lingkungan memiliki korelasi dengan sikap dominatif laki-laki terhadap perempuan. Dalam al-Qur’an, manusia secara umum dideskripsikan memiliki potensi yang sama dalam merusak sekaligus melakukan upaya konservasi lingkungan.

scholarly journals The business cycle: a definition

2021 ◽  
pp. 205-262
Author(s):  
Tuur Demeester
Keyword(s):  
Business Cycle ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Austrian School ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
The Core ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Counter Argument

The goal of this article is to properly define the economic phenomenon of the business cycle. The text is rooted in the tradition of the Austrian School of Economics, and the methodological framework builds on concepts developed by Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas. This leads to the development of a few new methodological concepts, such as a re-interpretation of «inflation» and «deflation», and the re-introduction of «imaginary goods» as an important social phenomenon. The core observation of the article is that the business cycle is in fact a subclass of another kind of cycle, the «fraud cycle». Our conclusion is that in order to produce a business cycle, the occurrence of institutional fraud in the sphere of money and banking are both necessary and sufficient. The counter-argument that honest banking can also produce business cycles is refuted in Appendix I. We believe this article is significant in two ways: 1) it provides an unambiguous recipe for the long term extermination of the business cycle; and 2) it helps expand the scope of the Austrian School beyond economics into fields of law and morality. Key words: Business Cycle, Fraud Cycle, Austrian School, money and banking. JEL Classification: B53, B49, D01, K13. Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo es definir apropiadamente el fenómeno económico del ciclo económico. El resto está enraizado en la tradición de la Escuela Austriaca de Economía, y el marco metodológico parte de los conceptos desarrollados por Aristóteles y Tomás de Aquino. Esto conduce al desarrollo de algunos conceptos metodológicos nuevos, tales como la reinterpretación de la «inflación» y la «deflación», y la reintroducción de los «bienes imaginarios» como un fenómeno social importante. La observación central de este artículo es que el ciclo económico es de hecho una subclase de otro tipo de ciclo, el «ciclo del fraude». Nuestra conclusión es que para producir un ciclo económico, la existencia de un fraude institucional en la esfera del dinero y la banca es una condición necesaria y suficiente. El Apéndice I refuta el contra-argumento de que una banca honesta también puede producir ciclos económicos. Creemos que este artículo es significativo por dos motivos: 1) ofrece una receta clara para la eliminación del ciclo económico; y 2) ayuda a expandir el ámbito de la Escuela Austriaca más allá del campo de la Economía hacia los campos del Derecho y la Moralidad. Palabras clave: Ciclo económico, ciclo del fraude, Escuela Austriaca, dinero y banca. Clasificación JEL: B53, B49, D01, K13.

Ayodhya's sacred landscape: ritual memory, politics and archaeological ‘fact’

Antiquity ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (285) ◽  
pp. 693-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Shaw
Keyword(s):  
New Delhi ◽  
Hindu Temple ◽  
Sacred Landscape ◽  
Memory Politics ◽  
Hindu Religion ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Come ◽  
Second Category ◽  
Counter Argument

Great astonishment has been expressed at the recent vitality of the Hindu religion at Ajudhia [sic], and it was to test the extent of this chiefly that … this statement has been prepared. As the information it contains may be permanently useful, I have considered it well to give it a place here. This information is as correct as it can now be made and that is all that I can say CARNEGY(1870: appendix A)After the destruction of Ayodhya's Babri mosque in 1992 by supporters of the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP), the statement above seems laden with premonition of the events to come (Rao 1994). More importantly, Carnegy’s comments highlight that the mosque’s destruction was not simply the result of 20th-century politics. The events surrounding and following the outbreak of violence in 1992 have resulted in more ‘spilt ink’ than Carnegy could ever have imagined. This literature can be divided into two main categories; firstly, the initial documentation submitted to the government by a group of VHP aligned historians, which presented the ‘archaeological proof’ that the Babri mosque had occupied the site of a Hindu temple dating to the 10th and 11th century AD (VHP1990; New Delhi Historical Forum 1992). This was believed to have marked the birthplace of the Hindu god Rama (hence the name Rama Janmabhumi — literally ‘birthplace of Rama’), and been demolished at the orders of the Mughal emperor Babur during the 16th century. As a response, a second group of ‘progressive’ Indian historians began a counter-argument, based on the same ‘archaeological proof’ that no such temple had ever existed (Gopal et al. 1992; Mandal 1993). The second category is a growing body of literature which has filled many pages of international publications (Rao 1994; Navlakha 1994). Especially following the World Archaeology Congress (WAC) in Delhi (1994), and subsequently in Brač, Croatia (1998), this has been preoccupied with finding an acceptable route through the battlefield which arises as a result of the problematic, but recurrent, marriage between archaeology, folklore and politics (Kitchen 1998; Hassan 1995).

The Propertarian Counter‐Argument

2008 ◽  
pp. 154-168
Author(s):  
Neil Weinstock Netanel
Keyword(s):  
Counter Argument

Finance, War, and ‘Humanitarian Intervention’

2019 ◽  
pp. 166-195
Author(s):  
Tim Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Regime Change ◽  
Military Intervention ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Due Diligence ◽  
Incentive Structures ◽  
Global Financial System ◽  
Counter Argument

In view of disturbing hypotheses about the incentive structures of finance-led capitalism, this chapter begins by considering the synergies between finance and that ultimate form of injustice, war. It goes on to examine critically the standards of argument appropriate for recommending military intervention on humanitarian grounds. A particular concern is that sufficient epistemic due diligence should be done with respect to any such case. Given the ascendancy in recent times of a widely held ‘liberal’ belief that humanitarian intervention, and even regime change operations, can quite often be justified, the counter-argument is also considered. In fact, it is argued that protecting people might be more effective if it involved less confrontational methods of discharging humanitarian responsibilities. The chapter closes by reflecting on intriguing similarities and connections between ideas of using military means to humanitarian ends and ideas about money in the global financial system being serviceable to such ends.

scholarly journals Pandemic Powers: Why Human Rights Organizations Should Not Lose Focus on Civil and Political Rights

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-275
Author(s):  
Eda Seyhan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Amnesty International ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
Global North ◽  
Civil And Political Rights ◽  
Counter Argument

Abstract In response to the rise of ‘populism’ and the perceived threat to human rights that it represents, human rights advocates have argued that NGOs must speak to the economic anxieties of majority populations by increasing work on economic and social rights. In this essay, I present a counter-argument to this proposal, drawing on insights from the COVID-19 pandemic and my experiences working at Amnesty International and monitoring emergency powers during the pandemic for Covid State Watch. I argue that international human rights NGOs should retain a focus on civil and political rights for three reasons. The COVID-19 pandemic has (1) revealed and reinforced the vast repressive power of the state and consequent serious risks to civil and political rights in the global North and (2) demonstrated that human rights NGOs are often alone in challenging restrictions to civil and political rights, especially during crises. I further suggest that, in contrast to the civil and political rights sphere, (3) human rights NGOs offer little ‘value added’ in the field of economic and social rights in the global North. I conclude by proposing that human rights serve their most useful function when they protect those who few others are willing to defend, such as the vector of disease, the terrorist and the criminal.

Beyond the subject–object binary: Towards cosmopolitan knowledge

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-454
Author(s):  
David Neilson
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Object Relation ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Intersectionality Theory ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Epistemological Violence ◽  
Everyday Knowledge ◽  
Counter Argument ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

Rather than distinguishing, as Held’s (2020) article does, between “subjective” and “objective” forms of knowledge, this commentary makes the counter argument that the subject–object relation is an integral feature of all forms of knowledge, which can be more usefully distinguished according to differences in the form of the subject–object relation. I specifically differentiate the subject–object relation of Western social science from those of everyday knowledge and non-Western forms of knowledge. Western social science’s epistemological violence to other(ed) forms of knowledge is enabled, this commentary argues, by the false assumption that it is a subject-less objectivity while other forms of knowledge are subjective. The alternative epistemological subject position introduced here contrasts the epistemic imperialism of Western social science with a cosmopolitan vision of a dynamic global knowledge driven by the constructive articulation of differently limited knowledge forms. I then discuss this paper’s epistemological subject position in relation to class and intersectionality theory.

scholarly journals Counter‐argument self‐efficacy predicts choice of belief‐defense strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew H. Goldberg ◽  
Cheryl L. Carmichael ◽  
Curtis D. Hardin
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Defense Strategies ◽  
Counter Argument
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