scholarly journals ABSORBER PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT THROUGH SOLVENT CONCENTRATION CHANGES TO REGULATE EMISSIONS FROM COMBUSTION SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Reaction Scheme ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Solvent Concentration ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Concentration Changes

This work highlighted the determination of the best concentration profile for the operation of an absorber with potential to cut down combustion products emissions from the complete combustion reaction scheme of a combustion system waste stream. The proposed solvent concentration had a range of 1.84%-2.20% of caustic entrainment, therefore further increase on the solvent concentration above 2.20% is not feasible. Incremental changes of 0.06% were made to assess the optimal concentration required for best absorber performance. A process simulation software, ASPEN HYSYS 8.6, was utilized to simulate the emissions profile with PENG-ROBINSON as the Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium evaluation tool in the software. The study found the performance of the absorber improved with a corresponding increase in the concentration with 2.20% giving the most efficient removal rate of 61.59%, 26.5% and 85.2% for SO2, CO2 and NO2, respectively. The study recommended that one veritable method of improving the performance of absorber systems is to increase the concentration of the alkali based solvent to cut down on emissions from flue gas systems.

DILUTE CAUSTIC AND WATER COMPARISONS AS SOLVENTS IN THE REMOVAL OF ACIDIC GASES FROM COMBUSTION EXHAUST STREAM OF A BOILER.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Removal ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Incomplete Combustion ◽  
Acidic Gases ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Data Prediction ◽  
Water As Solvent ◽  
Exhaust Stream ◽  
Incomplete Reaction

This work focused on the comparative analyses between the use of dilute caustic with a composition of 1.84% and using water alone (pH=7) that have the potential to remove SO2 completely from the exhaust flue gas of a combustion system and H2S in the incomplete reaction scenario. Two reaction pathways were utilized for the study, the complete combustion pathway as well as the incomplete combustion pathway. ASPEN HYSYS 8.6, a process simulation software, was used to simulate conditions with PENG-ROBINSON utilized as the vapour-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data prediction tool of the software. For the complete combustion pathway, a complete removal of SO2 was achieved using caustic while with the same conditions, utilizing water as solvent achieved a reduction of 90%. For the incomplete combustion pathway, using caustic gave about 53% removal efficiency for H2S while the water only showed a poor 16% increase of H2S. The study recommended the use of the dilute caustic for the following reasons; it gave a better removal percentage than using water alone, the use of the caustic will not contribute to caustic corrosion because of the low composition of the dilute caustic that will be used in the absorber, the choice of the caustic was also observed to be economical. Keywords: Caustic, Absorption, Emission, Simulation, Combustion, Solvents.

scholarly journals Dilute caustic and water comparisons as solvents in the removal of acidic gases from combustion exhaust stream of a boiler

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Removal ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Incomplete Combustion ◽  
Acidic Gases ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Data Prediction ◽  
Water As Solvent ◽  
Exhaust Stream ◽  
Incomplete Reaction

This work focused on the comparative analyses between the use of dilute caustic with a composition of 1.84% and using water alone (pH=7) that have the potential to remove SO2 completely from the exhaust flue gas of a combustion system and H2S in the incomplete reaction scenario. Two reaction pathways were utilized for the study, the complete combustion pathway as well as the incomplete combustion pathway. ASPEN HYSYS 8.6, a process simulation software, was used to simulate conditions with PENG-ROBINSON utilized as the vapour-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data prediction tool of the software. For the complete combustion pathway, a complete removal of SO2 was achieved using caustic while with the same conditions, utilizing water as solvent achieved a reduction of 90%. For the incomplete combustion pathway, using caustic gave about 53% removal efficiency for H2S while the water only showed a poor 16% increase of H2S. The study recommended the use of the dilute caustic for the following reasons; it gave a better removal percentage than using water alone, the use of the caustic will not contribute to caustic corrosion because of the low composition of the dilute caustic that will be used in the absorber, the choice of the caustic was also observed to be economical. Keywords: Caustic, Absorption, Emission, Simulation, Combustion, Solvents.

GAS AND SATURATION IN A GAS CONDENSATE RESERVOIR

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Removal ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Incomplete Combustion ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Data Prediction ◽  
Water As Solvent ◽  
Condensate Reservoir ◽  
Incomplete Reaction ◽  
Removal Of So2

This work focused on the comparative analyses between the use of dilute caustic with a composition of 1.84% and using water alone (pH=7) that have the potential to remove SO2 completely from the exhaust flue gas of a combustion system and H2S in the incomplete reaction scenario. Two reaction pathways were utilized for the study, the complete combustion pathway as well as the incomplete combustion pathway. ASPEN HYSYS 8.6, a process simulation software, was used to simulate conditions with PENG-ROBINSON utilized as the vapour-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data prediction tool of the software. For the complete combustion pathway, a complete removal of SO2 was achieved using caustic while with the same conditions, utilizing water as solvent achieved a reduction of 90%. For the incomplete combustion pathway, using caustic gave about 53% removal efficiency for H2S while the water only showed a poor 16% increase of H2S. The study recommended the use of the dilute caustic for the following reasons; it gave a better removal percentage than using water alone, the use of the caustic will not contribute to caustic corrosion because of the low composition of the dilute caustic that will be used in the absorber, the choice of the caustic was also observed to be economical. Keywords: Caustic, Absorption, Emission, Simulation, Combustion, Solvents.

scholarly journals DILUTE CAUSTIC AND WATER COMPARISONS AS SOLVENTS IN THE REMOVAL OF ACIDIC GASES FROM COMBUSTION EXHAUST STREAM OF A BOILER.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Removal ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Incomplete Combustion ◽  
Acidic Gases ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Data Prediction ◽  
Water As Solvent ◽  
Exhaust Stream ◽  
Incomplete Reaction

This work focused on the comparative analyses between the use of dilute caustic with a composition of 1.84% and using water alone (pH=7) that have the potential to remove SO2 completely from the exhaust flue gas of a combustion system and H2S in the incomplete reaction scenario. Two reaction pathways were utilized for the study, the complete combustion pathway as well as the incomplete combustion pathway. ASPEN HYSYS 8.6, a process simulation software, was used to simulate conditions with PENG-ROBINSON utilized as the vapour-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data prediction tool of the software. For the complete combustion pathway, a complete removal of SO2 was achieved using caustic while with the same conditions, utilizing water as solvent achieved a reduction of 90%. For the incomplete combustion pathway, using caustic gave about 53% removal efficiency for H2S while the water only showed a poor 16% increase of H2S. The study recommended the use of the dilute caustic for the following reasons; it gave a better removal percentage than using water alone, the use of the caustic will not contribute to caustic corrosion because of the low composition of the dilute caustic that will be used in the absorber, the choice of the caustic was also observed to be economical. Keywords: Caustic, Absorption, Emission, Simulation, Combustion, Solvents.

Determination of Traces Heavy Metals from Solid Residues Formed by Combustion of Lignite in Relation to Degree of Accessibility in Soil and Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2363-2366
Author(s):  
Delia Nica Badea
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Area Of Influence ◽  
Risk Potential

The paper evaluates the presence and content of traces of heavy metals Hg, Pb, Ni, Cd (total forms) from coal and solid combustion products, the degree of transfer and accessibility in the area of influence of a lignite power plant. The content of toxic heavy metals in residues are characterized by RE Meiji [ 1 (Pb and Hg) and REMeij �1 (Ni and Cd) for the filter ash. Pb and Ni content in the soil exceeds normal values, and Pb exceeds and alert value for sensitive soils around the residue deposit (70.20 mg.Kg-1). The degree of accessibility of the metals in plants (TF), reported at the Khan reference value (0.5), indicates a significant bioaccumulation level for the metals: Cd (1.9) and Hg (0.6) inside the deposit; Cd (0.39) at the base of the deposit, Hg (0.8) in the area of the thermal power plant. The trace levels of heavy metals analyzed by GFAAS and CVAAS (Hg), indicates a moderate risk potential for food safety and quality of life in the studied area.

Application of OLI Electrolyte Simulation to the Resolution of Corrosion Concerns Within a Reciprocating Compressor

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane L. Stewart ◽  
Anthony J. Gerbino ◽  
Tony Scribner
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Software ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Reciprocating Compressor ◽  
Particulate Contamination ◽  
Ionic Equilibria ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Condensed Water ◽  
Compressor Reliability

A 38 MMSCF/D Cooper Bessemer Model LM-9 reciprocating compressor in hydrogen service at the Praxair Westlake LA facility has experienced notable particulate contamination within the feed gas. The particulates were believed to be caused by upstream piping corrosion; however, to definitely state the cause, the properties of the fluid existing in the five-stage compressor needed to be more fully understood. An OLI electrochemical simulation software was used for dew point prediction, determination of the condensed phase ionic equilibria, and corrosion rate prediction. These tasks were beyond capabilities of the site-licensed UniSim software, as presently configured. Specifically, the model was used to identify the dew point conditions (temperature, pressure) and properties of the condensed water (pH, corrosivity, dissolved O2, and chlorine speciation). Model results were compared with site inspection findings. Subsequently, recommended limits for chlorine and oxygen in the feed gas were established to improve long term compressor reliability.

scholarly journals Determination of Optimal Production Process Using Scheduling and Simulation Software

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Duplakova ◽  
M. Teliskova ◽  
J. Duplak ◽  
J. Torok ◽  
M. Hatala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Optimal Production

Simplified Version of the Ampoule–Persulfate Method for Determination of Dissolved Organic Carbon

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. McDowell ◽  
Jonathan J. Cole ◽  
Charles T. Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Technical Grade ◽  
Digestion Procedure ◽  
Wet Digestion ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Continuous Stream

A simplified method for the determination of dissolved organic carbon is based upon the ampoule–persulfate wet digestion procedure. The modification proposed involves use of a continuous stream of sparging gas (technical grade oxygen) during the ampoule sealing process to minimize entry of combustion products from the sealing flame. The method provides reliable results with a minimum of training and equipment compared with other methods of sealing ampoules. Further, the proposed method is inexpensive, relatively simple, and compares favorably with costly, automated analysis of dissolved organic carbon.

Determination of Reaction Scheme and Kinetic Parameters

1986 ◽  
pp. 293-339
Author(s):  
Satoru Kuhara ◽  
Kiyokazu Nemoto ◽  
Yukihiro Eguchi ◽  
Naoto Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Reaction Scheme

Safety and Efficiency Enhancement in LNG Terminals

2017 ◽  
pp. 1584-1596
Author(s):  
Ravinder Singh ◽  
Helen Huiru Lou
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Process Simulation ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Efficiency Enhancement ◽  
Plant Operation ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Safety Enhancement

Liquefaction of natural gas helps in transporting it over long distances by sea vessels. It is then regasified and transported through pipelines to the consumer. Due to large energy density of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), and associated flammability issues, the LNG terminal involves high risk. Consequently, safety is an important factor in the operation of LNG terminals. Although a substantial amount of time money and effort has been put in this area, there is always some possibility of improving the process so that less risk is involved. Rapid advancement in process simulation software like Aspen Plus and Aspen HYSYS, has led to the convenience of experimenting the various control methodologies on the computer offline from the actual plant operation, before they are implemented in real time. In this chapter, main hazards associated with LNG terminal operation will be highlighted. Further, recent advancements in research for safety enhancement and efficiency enhancement in the liquefaction and regasification processes will also be included.

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