Three - dimensional fluid attenuated inversion recovery sequence on 3 tesla magnetic resonace imaging in cranial nerve pathologies: Two case reports

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuyet Dinh Van
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Inversion Recovery ◽  
Inversion Recovery Sequence ◽  
Recovery Sequence ◽  
Flair Sequence ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
Fluid Pulsation ◽  
3D Flair

Three - dimensional fluid attenuated inversion recovery sequence (3D-FLAIR) was introduced as a practical sequence which helps to reduce the cerebrospinal fluid pulsation and flow artefacts of conventional 2D acquisition and brings contiguous slices, ability in reformatting in variable planes which are typical features of 3D acquisition. 3D - FLAIR has been applied on assessing several neurologic pathologies. In this article, we introduce the application of 3D - FLAIR sequence without contrast enhancement on detecting abnormalities of cranial nerve pathology by presenting two cases, acute vestibular neuritis and facial nerve palsy. We suggest that 3D - FLAIR is the relatively useful sequence in detecting cranial nerve pathologies.

Cortical involvement and leptomeningeal inflammation in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease: A three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI study

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852110343
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Tzanetakos ◽  
John S Tzartos ◽  
Aigli G Vakrakou ◽  
Marianthi Breza ◽  
Georgios Velonakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Inversion Recovery ◽  
Cortical Lesion ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Meningeal Inflammation ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
3D Flair

Background: Cortical demyelination and meningeal inflammation have been detected neuropathologically in multiple sclerosis (MS) and recently in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD). Objectives: To assess in vivo cortical and leptomeningeal involvement in MOGAD. Methods: We prospectively evaluated 11 MOGAD and 12 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients combining three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (3D-FLAIR) and 3D-T1-weighted (3D-T1w) sequences at 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Leptomeningeal contrast enhancement (LMCE) was assessed on 3D-FLAIR post-gadolinium (3D-FLAIRGd). Cerebral cortical lesions (CCLs) were classified as either intracortical–subpial (IC–SP) or leukocortical (LC). Results: CCLs were present in 8/11 MOGAD and 12/12 RRMS patients, with the number of CCLs being significantly lower in MOGAD (median (interquartile range (IQR)) 3 (0.5–4) vs 12 (4.75–19), p = 0.0032). In MOGAD, IC–SP lesions were slightly more prevalent than LC lesions (2 (0–2.5) vs 1 (0–2), p = 0.6579); whereas in RRMS, IC–SP lesions were less prevalent than LC lesions (3.5 (2.75–5.5) vs 9 (2–12.75), p = 0.27). LMCE was observed in 3/11 MOGAD and 1/12 RRMS patients; MOGAD with LMCE showed an increased median number of CCLs compared with MOGAD without LMCE (8 (4–9) vs 2.5 (0.75–3.25), p = 0.34). No correlation was observed between MOGAD MRI findings and (a) MOGAD duration, (b) serum MOG-immunoglobulin G1 titers, and (c) oligoclonal band presence. Conclusion: We described cortical lesion topography and detected for the first time LMCE using 3D-FLAIRGd sequences in MOGAD patients.

scholarly journals Low-field magnetic resonance imaging of otitis media in two cats: a case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Y. Zhalniarovich ◽  
A. Przeworski ◽  
J. Glodek ◽  
Z. Adamiak
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Inversion Recovery ◽  
Inversion Recovery Sequence ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Recovery Sequence ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery

Otitis media is a common disease in clinical veterinary practice. Although low-field magnetic resonance imaging reports for otitis media in dogs exist, in cats detailed information is missing. Radiography is helpful in diagnosing chronic inflammation, but may be insufficient during the initial phase of inflammation. For this reason, this report describes the magnetic resonance findings in two cats with otitis media. In both cases, middle ear empyema was detected. Magnetic resonance imaging of middle ear disorders in cats should contain pre- and post-contrast T1-weighted sequences in the dorsal and transverse planes, a T2-weighted sequence in the dorsal and transverse planes and a fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence in the dorsal or transverse planes. On pre-contrast T1-weighted images, the empyema had an intensity similar to that of brain tissue with a delicate hyper-intensity in the middle. On post-contrast T1-weighted images, the material had non-uniform enhancement in the dorsolateral compartment and circumference enhancement in the ventromedial compartment of the tympanic bulla with a hypo-intense centre. On T2-weighted images, the mass had heterogeneously increased signal intensity to brain tissue, but was less intense than cerebrospinal fluid. In the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence, the pathological lesion was distinctly hyper-intense in comparison to other tissues with a narrow area of increased signal intensity in the middle of the ventromedial tympanic bulla compartment. Magnetic resonance imaging is commonly used for the visualisation of different disorders of the membranous labyrinth and allows the differentiation of chronic hematomas, empyemas and middle and internal ear neoplasia. The recommended magnetic resonance protocol of the middle ear should include pre- and post-contrast T1 sequences in the dorsal and transverse planes, the T2 sequence in the dorsal and transverse planes and the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence in the dorsal or transverse planes.

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