Genome‐Wide Population Structure Analyses of Three Minor Millets: Kodo Millet, Little Millet, and Proso Millet

AbstractMillets are a diverse group of small-seeded grains that are rich in nutrients but have received relatively little advanced plant breeding research. Millets are important to smallholder farmers in Africa and Asia because of their short growing season, good stress tolerance, and high nutritional content. To advance the study and use of these species, we present a genome-wide marker datasets and population structure analyses for three minor millets: kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum), little millet (Panicum sumatrense), and proso millet (Panicum miliaceum). We generated genome-wide marker data sets for 190 accessions of each species with genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). After filtering, we retained between 161 and 165 accessions of each species, with 3461, 2245, and 1882 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for kodo, proso, and little millet, respectively. Population genetic analysis revealed 7 putative subpopulations of kodo millet and 8 each of proso millet and little millet. To confirm the accuracy of this genetic data, we used public phenotype data on a subset of these accessions to estimate the heritability of various agronomically relevant phenotypes. Heritability values largely agree with the prior expectation for each phenotype, indicating that these SNPs provide an accurate genome-wide sample of genetic variation. These data represent one of first genome-wide population genetics analyses, and the most extensive, in these species and the first genomic analyses of any sort for little millet and kodo millet. These data will be a valuable resource for researchers and breeders trying to improve these crops for smallholder farmers.

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A Modification and development of threshing unit for minor millets

Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika ◽

10.18805/bkap115 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (00) ◽

Author(s):

Shalini Chaturvedi ◽

Falguni Rathore ◽

Shantanu Pandey

Keyword(s):

Finger Millet ◽

Cleaning Efficiency ◽

Proso Millet ◽

Seed Damage ◽

Little Millet ◽

The Family ◽

Different Shapes ◽

Kodo Millet ◽

The Cost ◽

Minor Millets

Minor millets are small sized cereal grains belonging to the family Poaceae (Gramineae) are grown mainly in America, Japan, China and India. In India minor millet grown are finger millet, proso millet, barnyard millet, kodo millet and little millet. Threshing is based on the principle that, some impact is given on crops, the grains are separated from panicles, cobs and pods. The performance of the threshing unit with development of five different shapes of pegs for threshing small millet. small millet thresher was tested at two different speed 712 rpm and 1068 rpm. The highest threshing efficiency with disc shape peg of 99.57 % cleaning efficiency 98.64 % output capacity 19.68 kg/ha was observed. In disc shape peg seed damage negalible. The cost of operation was also minimum. On the basis of above the disc type pe is recommended for minor millet.

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Development and evaluation of multi millet thresher

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v7i2.711 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 939-948 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K. P. Singh ◽

Rahul R. Poddar ◽

K. N. Agrawal ◽

Smrutilipi Hota ◽

Mukesh K. Singh

Keyword(s):

Finger Millet ◽

Foxtail Millet ◽

Eleusine Coracana ◽

Cleaning Efficiency ◽

Proso Millet ◽

Little Millet ◽

Sieve Size ◽

Kodo Millet ◽

Tribal Areas ◽

Minor Millets

In tribal areas of India, traditional methods of threshing of minor millets like little millet (Panicum sumatrense), M1, kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum), M2, foxtail millet (Setaria italica), M3, proso millet (P. miliaceum), M4, barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumantacea), M5, finger millet (Eleusine coracana), M6 is done of beating by sticks or treading out the crop panicle under the feet of oxen. This operation is most time consuming, labour intensive, drudgery prone, uneconomical, lower output and obtain low quality products. A thresher for these millet crops was developed and optimization of the operating parameters with little millet was done by using Response surface methodology (RSM). The optimized parameters were 7.79% (d.b) moisture content, 105 kgh-1 feed rate, 625 rpm cylinder speed, 5 mm threshing sieve size which gave maximum threshing efficiency of 95.13% and cleaning efficiency of 94.12%. After optimization of parameters the thresher was tested for threshing of all the six minor millets with proper adjustments of sieve. Threshing capacity of M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6 were obtained as 89, 137, 140, 91, 88 and 99 kg/h, respectively with more than 96% threshing efficiency and less than 2% broken grain.

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