scholarly journals Development and evaluation of multi millet thresher

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 939-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Singh ◽  
Rahul R. Poddar ◽  
K. N. Agrawal ◽  
Smrutilipi Hota ◽  
Mukesh K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Finger Millet ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Little Millet ◽  
Sieve Size ◽  
Kodo Millet ◽  
Tribal Areas ◽  
Minor Millets

In tribal areas of India, traditional methods of threshing of minor millets like little millet (Panicum sumatrense), M1, kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum), M2, foxtail millet (Setaria italica), M3, proso millet (P. miliaceum), M4, barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumantacea), M5, finger millet (Eleusine coracana), M6 is done of beating by sticks or treading out the crop panicle under the feet of oxen. This operation is most time consuming, labour intensive, drudgery prone, uneconomical, lower output and obtain low quality products. A thresher for these millet crops was developed and optimization of the operating parameters with little millet was done by using Response surface methodology (RSM). The optimized parameters were 7.79% (d.b) moisture content, 105 kgh-1 feed rate, 625 rpm cylinder speed, 5 mm threshing sieve size which gave maximum threshing efficiency of 95.13% and cleaning efficiency of 94.12%. After optimization of parameters the thresher was tested for threshing of all the six minor millets with proper adjustments of sieve. Threshing capacity of M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6 were obtained as 89, 137, 140, 91, 88 and 99 kg/h, respectively with more than 96% threshing efficiency and less than 2% broken grain.

scholarly journals A Modification and development of threshing unit for minor millets

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (00) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Chaturvedi ◽  
Falguni Rathore ◽  
Shantanu Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Finger Millet ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Little Millet ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Kodo Millet ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Minor Millets

Minor millets are small sized cereal grains belonging to the family Poaceae (Gramineae) are grown mainly in America, Japan, China and India. In India minor millet grown are finger millet, proso millet, barnyard millet, kodo millet and little millet. Threshing is based on the principle that, some impact is given on crops, the grains are separated from panicles, cobs and pods. The performance of the threshing unit with development of five different shapes of pegs for threshing small millet. small millet thresher was tested at two different speed 712 rpm and 1068 rpm. The highest threshing efficiency with disc shape peg of 99.57 % cleaning efficiency 98.64 % output capacity 19.68 kg/ha was observed. In disc shape peg seed damage negalible. The cost of operation was also minimum. On the basis of above the disc type pe is recommended for minor millet.

scholarly journals Significance of small millets in nutrition and health-A review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujata Bhat ◽  
C. Nandini ◽  
V. Tippeswamy ◽  
Prabhaka .
Keyword(s):  
Finger Millet ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Kodo Millet ◽  
Small Millets ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer ◽  
National Food Security ◽  
Nutraceutical Properties

Small millets are a group of six crops comprising of finger millet, kodo millet, little millet, foxtail millet, barnyard millet and proso millet. They are considered as nutri- cereals and are source of food, feed and fodder. The crops are grown in a variety of agro-ecological situations including plains, coast and hills as well as in diverse soils and varying rainfall. They are known for resilience and drought enduring capacity and are relatively less prone to major pests and diseases. The richness in calcium, dietary fiber, polyphenol and protein contents in millets make them unique among the cereals. Generally, millets show significant amounts of amino acids like methionine and cystine and also have high fat content than rice and maize. Millets have nutraceutical properties in the form of antioxidants which prevent deterioration of human health such as lowering blood pressure, risk of heart disease, prevention of cancer and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, decreasing tumor cases etc. The contribution of millets to national food security and their potential health benefits, millet grain is now receiving increasing interest from food scientists, technologists and nutritionists.

scholarly journals Impact of soaking, sprouting on antioxidant and anti-nutritional factors in milletgrains

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
G. Bhuvaneshwari ◽  
A. Nirmalakumari ◽  
S. Kalaiselvi
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Little Millet ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Kodo Millet

Commonly consumed millet types viz., Little millet, foxtail millet, pearl millet, finger millet, and Kodo millet were tested under two processing methods of soaking and germination at a different time point. Most popular processing practices adopted by Indian households were studied for their influence on the biochemical properties, antioxidant profile, and anti-nutritive factors. The results showed that the sprouting process showed a maximum influence on the antioxidant and anti-nutritive factors. The comparative analysis of the five millets suggested 24h soaking and 24h germination was found to be best for producing nutritionally enriched millet products. Tannin content decreases with an increase in germination. The reduction in tannin was about 50% in little millet (0.347 mg/g) and the highest was recorded in finger millet (2.07 mg/g). The highest amount of saponin content was found in pearl millet( 39.53 mg/g) followed by finger millet ( 34.86 mg/g) with 24 hr soaking and  24 hr germination. The phytase activity was found to be higher in little millet (61.520 u/kg) when prolonged soaking and germination. The DPPH assay showed sprouted foxtail millet grains contain more antioxidant activity (81.13%) when extent the period of soaking and germination.

scholarly journals Genome-wide Population Structure Analyses of Three Minor Millets: Kodo Millet, Little Millet, and Proso Millet

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Johnson ◽  
Santosh Deshpande ◽  
Mani Vetriventhan ◽  
Hari D Upadhyaya ◽  
Jason G. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Population Genetic Analysis ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Little Millet ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Kodo Millet ◽  
Minor Millets ◽  
Wide Population

AbstractMillets are a diverse group of small-seeded grains that are rich in nutrients but have received relatively little advanced plant breeding research. Millets are important to smallholder farmers in Africa and Asia because of their short growing season, good stress tolerance, and high nutritional content. To advance the study and use of these species, we present a genome-wide marker datasets and population structure analyses for three minor millets: kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum), little millet (Panicum sumatrense), and proso millet (Panicum miliaceum). We generated genome-wide marker data sets for 190 accessions of each species with genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). After filtering, we retained between 161 and 165 accessions of each species, with 3461, 2245, and 1882 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for kodo, proso, and little millet, respectively. Population genetic analysis revealed 7 putative subpopulations of kodo millet and 8 each of proso millet and little millet. To confirm the accuracy of this genetic data, we used public phenotype data on a subset of these accessions to estimate the heritability of various agronomically relevant phenotypes. Heritability values largely agree with the prior expectation for each phenotype, indicating that these SNPs provide an accurate genome-wide sample of genetic variation. These data represent one of first genome-wide population genetics analyses, and the most extensive, in these species and the first genomic analyses of any sort for little millet and kodo millet. These data will be a valuable resource for researchers and breeders trying to improve these crops for smallholder farmers.

scholarly journals Genome‐Wide Population Structure Analyses of Three Minor Millets: Kodo Millet, Little Millet, and Proso Millet

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 190021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Johnson ◽  
Santosh Deshpande ◽  
Mani Vetriventhan ◽  
Hari D. Upadhyaya ◽  
Jason G. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Little Millet ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Kodo Millet ◽  
Minor Millets ◽  
Wide Population

A Case Study on Using Millets in Daily Diet for Weight Loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vissapragada A ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Little Millet ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Kodo Millet

Millets are nutritious, easily digestible, gluten-free whole grains. They are good sources of proteins, fibers and iron content. They are also good sources of polyphenols, flavonoids and other phytochemicals that have anti-inflammatory effects. This case study aims to show that eating millets twice a day for breakfast and dinner helps to lose weight. Kodo millet, little millet, foxtail millet and barnyard millet were included in the diet. Consuming these millets for four weeks, the average weight loss per week was noted as 1.2kg. Body Mass Index (BMI) was reduced from 28.8 to 26.6.

scholarly journals Performance of Different Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) based Intercropping Systems with Millets under Rainfed Condition of Odisha

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lenka ◽  
S.K. Swain ◽  
K.C. Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Finger Millet ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Rainfed Condition ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Little Millet ◽  
Adverse Weather

Background: Groundnut as a sole crop is affected by adverse weather conditions coupled with damage by insect, pest and disease, results in economic losses and in extreme cases complete failure of the crop. Intercropping is one of the important cropping systems recommended to mitigate the aberrant climatic conditions with an aim to increase total productivity per unit area. The present study was done to assess the effect of different millet based intercropping system on growth and yield of groundnut under rainfed condition. Methods: A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2018 and 2019 at Agricultural Research Farm of All India Coordinated Research Project on Groundnut, OUAT, Bhubaneswar on mixed red and black medium soil. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and replicated thrice. It consisted of ten treatments comprising of groundnut with three millets viz., finger millet, little millet and foxtail millet. Millets were intercropped with groundnut in the replacement series of 4:2 and 2:1 row proportion along with mono-cropped millets and groundnut. Result: Significantly higher no. branches/plant (5.2), leaflet/no. plant (79.33) and dry matter accumulation (25.77g/plant) was recorded in groundnut + finger millet (2:1) whereas, sole groundnut incurred significantly higher pod no/plant (16.5), 100 kernel weight (37.2g), shelling% (77.8), pod yield (1736 kg/ha) and haulm yield (3613 kg/ha) over all other intercropping systems. Further, groundnut pod equivalent yield (GPEY), land equivalent ratio (LER), area time equivalent ratio (ATER) and economics were higher in 2:1 row ratio of groundnut + finger millet compared to any of the sole and intercropping systems. The competition ratio and aggressivity of little millet was greater than that of other millets. So, it was most dominant crop over groundnut compared to other millets in the intercropping systems.

scholarly journals Proximate Composition of Minor Millets from Cold Semi-Arid Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12s3) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Barnyard Millet ◽  
Nutritional Importance ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Minor Millets ◽  
Percent Decrease ◽  
Semi Arid

The nutritional importance of minor millets growing in geographically and environmentally isolated semi-arid regions remains largely unexplored, which has led to it being underutilized for diet diversification. In this study, the proximate composition of three species of minor millets, namely, Barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea),Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) and Foxtail millet(Setaria italica), grown in traditional millet cultivating regions (cold semi-arid) of the Himalayan range, have been analyzed. Two high altitude locations of contrasting cold temperatures in this region were selected for analysis. Dehradun which exhibits a temperature of 25-27℃, is located at 640 masl. (Meters Above Sea Level) in Uttarakhand West (UW), whereas, the second location, Pithoragarh which exhibits a temperature of 15-17℃ is located at 1514 masl. in Uttarakhand East (UE). The results of this study record a 30.75 percent increase in average protein content of Barnyard millet grains when the same seed stock was grown at the second region of lower temperature, i.e. Pithoragarh (15-17℃), as compared to Dehradun (15-17℃). A 42.66 percent increase in average fat content was also recorded for Barnyard millet grains when grown at Pithoragarh (15-17℃). The two other millet species, Finger millet and Foxtail millet, did not record significant differences in protein and fat contents, however, Foxtail millet displayed marginally increased levels of sodium and potassium. In contrast to the other components analyzed, Total Dietary Fiber (TDF) was found to decrease with growth at the comparatively colder location of Pithoragarh. A 36.71 percent decrease in TDF content was recorded for Barnyard millet, whereas, a 19.25 percent decrease was recorded for Finger millet. Foxtail millet displayed a marginal decrease of only 5.3 percent in TDF content with growth at Pithoragarh. Starch concentration and moisture content for all three species was also studied, but did not record any notable differences due to growth at the colder location of Pithoragarh. The results here indicate an important role of cold temperature and high altitude in regulating the proximate composition of minor millet grains. Studies which explore the proximate composition of millet cultivars in such geographically and environmentally distinct millet growing regions, may reveal new information regarding the nutritional importance of minor millets, and the ideal conditions of growth for maximum nutritional benefit.

Growth, mineral composition and grain yield of irrigated and rainfed millets and sorghum

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
D. K. Muldoon
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Barnyard Millet ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Low Sodium

SUMMARYSorghum bicolor, Pennisetum americanum, Echinochloa utilis, Panicum miliaceum, Setaria italica and Eleusine coracana were grown with and without full irrigation on an alkaline clay soil at Trangie, Australia. Dry-matter yields and forage quality changes with time were measured in the 1st year. Grain yield was recorded over 2 years.Dry-matter accumulation was initially most rapid in sorghum and Japanese barnyard millet. Sorghum, pearl millet and finger millet produced the most dry matter; these were the latest to reach head emergence. The early-maturing proso millet and foxtail millet produced only 7 and l i t dry matter/ha respectively. These two millets, like sorghum and pearl millet, had a high nitrogen: sulphur ratio and low sodium concentration in the forage. Finger millet had a lower nitrogen: sulphur ratio and a sodium concentration that was surpassed only by Japanese barnyard millet.Irrigated sorghum consistently produced the highest grain yields: over 9 t/ha. Yields from the millets were: foxtail 6·0, finger 5·0, proso 3·5, pearl and Japanese barnyard millet 2·8–2·9 t/ha. Special features of the millets are discussed.

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