INVESTIGATION AND EVALUATION OF NOISE LEVEL IN THE NORTHERN PART OF KLAIPEDA CITY/TRIUKŠMO LYGIO ŠIAURINĖJE KLAIPĖDOS MIESTO DALYJE TYRIMAI IR ĮVERTINIMAS/ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ И АНАЛИЗ ШУМОВОГО УРОВНЯ В СЕВЕРНОЙ ЧАСТИ ГОРОДА КЛАЙПЕДЫ

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaidotas Vaišis ◽  
Tomas Januševičius
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
June July August ◽  
The World ◽  
Noise Measurements ◽  
June July ◽  
July August September

The problem of noise is topical not only in Lithuania but the world over as well. The northern part of Klaipeda city is distinct for its industry and heavy traffic in the streets. Noise research was carried out in 17 selected measurement locations in the northern part of Klaipeda city. Noise measurements were taken in May, June, July, August, September, October and November. The measurements were made three times during the day: in the day time from 6 a.m. till 6 p.m., in the evening from 6 p.m. till 10 p.m. and at night from 10 p.m. till 6 a.m. The locations of the measurements are marked on the map. In order to distinguish the source of bigger noise between industry and transport, the northern part was divided into two belts. Industry is prevalent in the first belt, whereas the main troublemakers in the second belt are motor vehicles. The measured noise level is compared with permissible standards in measurement locations, where noise level is usually exceeded, and the analysis of noise levels is presented. In order to show the spread of noise in Klaipeda at all three times of the day more vividly, maps of isolines were compiled. Santrauka Triukšmas - ne tik Lietuvoje, bet ir visame pasaulyje aktuali problema. Klaipedos miesto šiaurine dalis yra išskirtine savo pramone ir intensyviu eismu gatvese. Triukšmo tyrimai atlikti šiaurineje Klaipedos miesto dalyje, 17‐oje pasirinktu matavimo vietu. Triukšmas matuotas gegužes, birželio, liepos, rugpjūčio, rugsejo, spalio ir lapkričio menesiais. Matavimai atlikti trimis paros laikais: diena nuo 6–18 valandos, vakare nuo 18–22 valandos ir nakti nuo 22–6 valandos. Matavimo vietos pateiktos žemelapyje. Siekiant nustatyti, kas kelia didesni triukšma ‐ pramone ar transportas, šiaurine miesto dalis suskirstyta i dvi zonas. Pirmojoje zonoje vyrauja pramone, o antrojoje zonoje pagrindinis triukšmo šaltinis automobiliai. Išmatuotas triukšmo lygis palygintas su leistinosiomis normomis. Pateikta matavimo vietu, kuriose dažniausiai viršijamas triukšmo lygis, triukšmo lygiu analize. Siekiant aiškiau parodyti, kaip triukšmas pasiskirsto Klaipedos mieste visais trimis paros laikais, sudaryti izoliniju žemelapiai. Резюме Шум является актуальной проблемой не только в Литве, но и во всем мире. Северная часть города Клайпеды является промышленным районом с интенсивным транспортным движением. Для исследования шума в этой части города было выбрано 17 мест замера. Шум измерялся с мая по ноябрь. Измерения проводились 3 раза в разное время суток: днем в 6–18 ч, вечером в 18–22 ч и ночью в 22–6 ч. Места замеров показаны на карте. С целью установить, что является бóльшим источником шума – промышленные предприятия или транспортные средства, северная часть города была поделена на две зоны. В первой зоне преобладали промышленные предприятия, а во второй – транспорт. Измеренный уровень шума сравнивался с разрешенным нормами. Для мест замеров, в которых чаще всего уровень шума превышал норму, предлагался анализ уровня шума. Для лучшего представления о распределении шума в городе Клайпеде в разное время суток были созданы карты изолиний.

scholarly journals NOISE LEVEL STUDY AND ASSESSMENT IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF PANEVEŽYS

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranas Baltrėnas ◽  
Egidijus Petraitis ◽  
Tomas Januševičius
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
Noise Measurements ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The City ◽  
Level Analysis ◽  
Main Streets

Noise is a relevant problem faced not only by Lithuania but across the world. With motor traffic flow increase, the noise caused by them is also growing and in particular noisy are heavy vehicles and motorcycles. Noise measurements were taken near the main streets in the southern part of Panevežys. Measurements were made during three time periods of the day: in the daytime (from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.), in the evening (from 6 p.m. to 10 p.m.) and at night (from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m.). In this part of the city noise is mainly generated by cars. The measured noise levels were compared with the noise level limit (NLL) in the measurement places where the NLL is most often exceeded. Noise level analysis and traffic flows are presented in the work. As the performed measurements show, the NLL in the daytime was exceeded by 65%, in the evening by 88%, and at night by 71% of all the total measurements made. The equivalent NLL was exceeded by up to 14 dBA and the maximum NLL – by up to 17 dBA. The highest excess of the NLL was recorded by streets with the heaviest traffic. Santrauka Triukšmas – ne tik Lietuvoje, bet ir visame pasaulyje aktuali problema. Automobiliu srautams vis labiau didejant, dideja ir ju keliamas triukšmas, ypač triukšmingi yra sunkvežimiai ir motociklai. Triukšmo tyrimai atlikti Panevežio pietineje dalyje prie pagrindiniu gatviu. Matavimai vyko skirtingu paros laiku: diena 6–18 val., vakare 18–22 val. ir nakti 22–6 valandomis. Šioje miesto dalyje pagrindine triukšmo priežastis – automobiliai. Triukšmo lygis, išmatuotas vietose, kuriose dažniausiai viršijamas, lyginamas su leidžiamosiomis normomis. Atlikta triukšmo lygiu ir transporto srautu analize. Iš duomenu matyti, kad leidžiamasis triukšmo lygis diena viršytas 65 %, vakare 88 %, o nakti – 71 % atliktu matavimu. Ekvivalentinis triukšmo lygis viršytas iki 14 dBA, o maksimalusis leidžiamasis – iki 17 dB. Labiausiai triukšmo lygis viršijamas prie gatviu, kuriose pravažiuoja daugiausia automobiliu. Резюме Шум является актуальной проблемой не только в Литве, но и во всем мире. С увеличением автомобильных потоков неизбежно увеличивается и вызываемый ими (особенно грузовиками и мотоциклами) шум. Исследования шума проводились в южной части города Паневежиса, вблизи основных улиц в разное время суток: днем с 6 до 18 часов, вечером с 18 до 22 часов и ночью с 22 до 6 часов утра. В этой части города основным источником шума являются автомобили. Измеренные уровни шума были сравнены с допустимыми уровнями для мест, в которых он чаще всего превышен. Произведен анализ уровней шума и транспортных потоков. Из данных измерений видно, что допустимый уровень шума в дневное время был превышен в 65%, вечером – в 88%, а ночью – в 71% проведенных измерений. Эквивалентный уровень шума превышен до 14 дБа, а максимально допустимый – до 17 дБа. Уровни шума особенно увеличены вблизи улиц, по которым проезжает больше всего автомобилей.

scholarly journals Impact of Forcing Summer Asparagus in Coastal South Carolina on Yield, Quality, and Recovery from Harvest Pressure

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Dufault
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
June July August ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
June July ◽  
Spring Harvest ◽  
First Time ◽  
July August September

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of forcing summer asparagus (May to October) and age at first harvest after transplanting on yield and quality. Ten-week-old `UC 157 F1' asparagus seedlings were field-planted on Sept. 1986 and forced to emerge from 1988 to 1992 by mowing fern in separate replicated plots in May, June, July, August, September, or October. Forcing treatments were not spring-harvested. Forced yields were compared to normal spring harvests (emerging from January to April). Harvesting began for the first time ≈18 or 30 months after transplanting. Spring 1988 yields were greatest of all, but declined yearly for 5 years. Summer forcing in either July or August maintained acceptable yields through 1992. The warmer climate during summer forcing caused most plants to reach the prescribed cutting pressure (eight spears per plant) within a standard 6-week harvest season. Cooler temperatures during spring harvest seasons slowed spear emergence and prevented the plants from reaching prescribed cutting pressure. Forcing in May and June was too stressful to plant recovery after the harvest season by reducing fern regrowth and increasing plant death. Cooler temperatures during October forcing inhibited spear emergence. Forcing in September yielded less than forcing in July and August, but September asparagus would command higher market prices. There was no advantage at any harvest time to delay first harvests from 18 to 30 months after transplanting. Forcing in July through September has potential as an alternative enterprise in coastal South Carolina.

scholarly journals Traffic Noise Level Assessment in the Residential Area around Different Road Functions in Malang City, East Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngudi Tjahjono ◽  
Imam Hanafi ◽  
Latipun Latipun ◽  
Suyadi Suyadi
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Motorized Vehicles

Noise due to motorized vehicles is a major problem in urban areas which can interfere with physiological and psychological health. This study aims to determine the extent of noise levels outside and inside the house around the function of different roads in Malang City, East Java, Indonesia. The study was conducted by measuring the traffic noise level using a sound level meter. Measurements were taken in the afternoon between 16.00-21.00 during the peak of heavy traffic and outside working hours when residents were already at home. Statistical Student’s t-test analysis was used to test differences in the average noise level outside and inside the house on each road function. Variance analysis was used to compare noise levels around primary arterial roads, secondary arteries, primary collectors, secondary collectors, primary local, and secondary local. From the measurement results, it is known that the noise due to motorized vehicles is 84.28 dB on average. This exceeds the threshold based on the Decree of the State Minister for the Environment Number 48 of 1996. There was a significant difference in noise level between outside and inside the house on each road function. There was no significant difference in noise level between the functions of the road segments both outside and inside the house. The results of the study concluded that the traffic noise level at 16:00 to 21:00 hours on all roads that were targeted for research exceeds the national threshold. It is recommended that the level of traffic noise around roads in the city of Malang can be reduced to minimize the negative impact on physiological and psychological health.

11 Invivo-derived embryo pregnancy rates at Maddox Dairy from 2008 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
D. Demetrio ◽  
A. Magalhaes ◽  
M. Oliveira ◽  
R. Santos ◽  
R. Chebel
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
June July August ◽  
June July ◽  
Management Changes ◽  
July August September

Maddox Dairy, located in Riverdale, CA, USA, is a Holstein herd that milks 3500 cows with a 305-day mature-equivalent milk production of 12 800 kg, and they have been producing high genetic animals by embryo transfer (ET) since the early 1980s. Invivo-derived embryos from Holstein donors were transferred fresh (grade 1 or 2) or frozen (grade 1), at morula (4), early blastocyst (5), or blastocyst (6) stage, to virgin heifers (VH, natural oestrus, 13-15 months old) or lactating cows (LC, Presynch-Ovsynch, 86 days in milk, first or second lactation) 6 to 9 days after oestrus. Pregnancy diagnosis was done by transrectal ultrasonography at 32-46 days in VH and by the IDEXX PAG test at 30 days in LC. June, July, August, September, and October were called critical months (first service AI conception rate drops below 44%) and compared with the other months. The data from 32 503 ETs between January 2008 and December 2018 are summarised on Table 1. Pregnancy rates (PR) are lower for LC recipients than for VH. Embryo transfers performed 7 or 8 days after oestrus had higher PR in both types of recipients and embryos, but Day 6 and 9 oestrus are also used with fair results. The season does not seem to affect PR. There is not enough difference in the combination of stage and days from oestrus for invivo-derived embryos. These numbers do not belong to a planned experiment. Several management changes during the years were made, which make it very difficult to apply statistical methods to analyse the data correctly. They are used as a tool to make decisions in an attempt to improve future results. Table 1.Pregnancy rate (PR) of virgin heifers (top) and lactating cows (bottom)-fresh (SH) and frozen (OZ) invivo-derived embryo transfer1 Heat-months SH-ST4 SH-ST5 SH-ST6 SH-All OZ-ST4 OZ-ST5 OZ-ST6 OZ-All PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n Heifers 6 d-CM 62 934 66 243 68 69 63 1246 56 473 58 219 62 42 57 734 6 d-OM 62 1623 67 489 69 211 64 2323 56 600 55 296 48 137 55 1033 6 d-T 62 2557 67 732 69 280 63 3569 56 1073 57 515 51 179 56 1767 7 d-CM 64 1506 68 495 67 221 65 2222 60 822 62 340 63 156 61 1318 7 d-OM 66 2723 68 1021 69 510 67 4254 57 1120 59 581 57 231 58 1932 7 d-T 66 4229 68 1516 69 731 67 6476 58 1942 60 921 60 387 59 3250 8 d-CM 65 1348 64 518 67 322 65 2188 59 595 64 258 63 108 61 961 8 d-OM 66 2166 68 886 70 510 67 3562 61 770 60 364 51 130 60 1264 8 d-T 66 3514 67 1404 69 832 66 5750 60 1365 62 622 56 238 60 2225 9 d-CM 60 109 56 43 70 20 60 172 60 5 33 6 50 4 47 15 9 d-OM 58 129 63 57 60 40 60 226 63 16 50 18 75 4 58 38 9 d-T 59 238 60 100 63 60 60 398 62 21 46 24 63 8 55 53 All-CM 64 3897 66 1299 67 632 65 5828 58 1895 61 823 63 310 60 3028 All-OM 65 6641 67 2453 69 1271 66 10 365 58 2506 58 1259 53 502 58 4267 All-T 65 10 538 67 3752 69 1903 66 16 193 58 4401 60 2082 57 812 59 7295 Lactating cows 6 d-CM 54 265 48 86 50 12 53 363 38 141 31 77 50 10 36 228 6 d-OM 49 463 52 203 45 56 50 723 46 101 48 54 59 27 48 182 6 d-T 51 728 51 289 46 68 51 1086 41 242 38 131 57 37 42 410 7 d-CM 54 755 59 274 56 103 55 1137 43 928 48 450 43 192 45 1570 7 d-OM 55 914 66 367 54 109 58 1393 46 1052 45 564 47 353 46 1969 7 d-T 55 1669 63 641 55 212 57 2530 45 1980 46 1014 46 545 45 3539 8 d-CM 63 252 68 82 76 33 65 368 48 219 56 80 42 33 50 332 8 d-OM 61 257 64 161 53 47 61 466 50 191 53 77 56 16 51 284 8 d-T 62 509 65 243 63 80 63 834 49 410 55 157 47 49 50 616 All-CM 56 1272 58 442 60 148 57 1868 44 1288 47 607 43 235 45 2130 All-OM 55 1634 62 731 51 212 56 2582 47 1344 46 695 48 396 47 2435 All-T 55 2906 60 1173 55 360 57 4450 45 2632 47 1302 46 631 46 4565 1ST=stage; CM=critical months (June, July, August, September, and October); OM=other months.

Effect of distance from road intersection on developed traffic noise levels

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Abo-Qudais ◽  
Arwa Alhiary
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Intersection ◽  
Noise Measurements ◽  
Level Meter

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the variation in traffic equivalent noise levels as distance from the road intersection increases. To achieve this objective, traffic volume and equivalent noise level were monitored at 40 signalized intersections in Amman, the capital of Jordan. An integrated sound level meter (ISLM) was used to measure 1 min equivalent noise level along all approaches of the evaluated intersections. A total of 3326 noise measurements were performed. The collected data were analyzed to evaluate the variation of noise levels as distance from the intersection increases. The results indicated that equivalent noise levels were significantly affected by distance from the signal stop line. The equivalent noise levels at distances 50 and 100 m from the intersection were found to be 1.5 to 2.0 dB less than those at 0 m. While at 200, 250, and 300 m from the intersection, the monitored equivalent noise levels were found to be 3.8 to 4 dB higher than that at 0 m. At distances farther than 250 m, the measured equivalent noise levels tend to keep constant value of equivalent noise level as distance increased.Key words: noise, traffic, intersection, environment, pollution.

Firecrackers Noise

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Tandon
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Noise ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
Noise Measurements ◽  
Pressure Peak ◽  
Hearing Damage ◽  
High Sound

Fireworks are used all over the world to celebrate special occasions. Noise produced by firecrackers that are used to celebrate these occasions has been highlighted. This impulse type of noise can cause hearing damage. Noise measurements of firecrackers show that they produce high sound pressure peak levels. Typical firecracker impulse noise levels are given. Noise limits and measurement methods used for the fireworks in some countries are presented.

scholarly journals The Performance of CRTN Model in a Motorcycle City

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Sheng ◽  
Zherui Xu ◽  
Min Li
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Road Traffic Noise ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
Predicted Values

The Calculation of Road Traffic Noise (CRTN) model is one of the first traffic noise prediction models in the world and has been widely used in many Western countries. However, its performance in a motorcycle city has not been well assessed. This study aims to examine the accuracy of the CRTN model in predicting traffic noise in an Asian city with over half of motor vehicles being motorcycles. The performance of the CRTN model in predicting both roadside and vertical distributions of traffic noise levels is assessed. The results show that the performance of the CRTN model is satisfactory in predicting roadside traffic noise levels, with anR2of 0.832 and a mean difference of +0.52 dB(A) between the measured and predicted values. The performance of the CRTN model is also satisfactory in predicting vertical distribution of traffic noise levels, with anR2of 0.836 and a mean difference of +0.28 dB(A) between the measured and predicted values.

scholarly journals Sonic environment of Singapore Botanic Gardens and benchmarking with various urban gardens of the world

Noise Mapping ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Heow Pueh Lee ◽  
Kian Meng Lim ◽  
Saurabh Garg
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Urban Gardens ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
The World ◽  
Sonic Environment

AbstractThe urban parks and gardens are usually surrounded by busy streets, commercial buildings and areas of high noise levels due to human activities and heavy traffic. These parks and gardens therefore have a unique function of providing relatively quiet areas to get away from the hustle and bustle of city lives. In this study, the sonic environment of the Singapore Botanic Gardens, which was the first UNESCO Heritage site in Singapore, was measured on various occasions and benchmarked with various urban gardens and parks around the world, namely the Luxembourg Gardens in Paris, Real Jardín Botánico in Madrid. St James’s Park in London, Old Botanical Gardens Hamburg, and Carlton Gardens in Melbourne. The Leq noise level was found to be compatible with the respective Leq noise level of the other urban parks and gardens. The sonic environment of the Singapore Botanic gardens was found to be dominated by cicada sound, human activities and water features. The sound level of various water features such as mini waterfalls and water fountains were also measured and analysed.

scholarly journals Level of noise pollution at different locations in Tangail municipal area, Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
MMM Hoque ◽  
LK Basak ◽  
M Rokanuzzaman ◽  
Sajal Roy
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
High Noise ◽  
High Noise Level ◽  
The Road ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Hospital Shopping

The study was carried out to ascertain the level of noise pollution at different locations in Tangail municipal area. For this purpose noise levels were measured at different locations at different periods of the day. At all the locations the level of noise were found to be higher than the acceptable level. The intensity of noise was found lower with increasing distance from the road side. The noise level on the main road near hospital, shopping center and bazars was above the standard level recommended by MoEF. From the survey motor vehicles were found as the main cause of high noise level. The most common problems with high noise level were found to increased heart beat, drowsiness, headache and hearing impairment. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsr.v26i1-2.20228 Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 26(1-2): 29-36, December-2013

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