scholarly journals EVALUATING THE ACCURACY OF POST-PROCESSED KINEMATIC (PPK) POSITIONING TECHNIQUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Atınç Pırtı
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Reference Station ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Least Squares Adjustment ◽  
Store Location ◽  
High Production ◽  
Positioning Technique ◽  
Observation Times ◽  
Basic Statistical Analysis

Post-processing kinematics (PPK) is positioning process in which signals received from a mobile receiving device store location data can be adjusted using corrections from a reference station after data has been collected. The processed kinematic screening method provides the surveyor with a technique for high production survey measurements and can be used in areas with minimal satellite barriers. PPK uses significantly reduced observation times compared to static or fast static observations. This method requires least squares adjustment or another multiple basic statistical analysis that can produce a weighted average of observations. The results obtained using PPK are between 1 cm and 3 cm for horizontal coordinates and from 1 cm to 10 cm for vertical coordinates.

Emerging Retail Strategies in Urban Canada

2012 ◽  
pp. 114-131
Author(s):  
Tony Hernandez ◽  
Magnus Svindal
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Resident Population ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Urban Markets ◽  
Store Location ◽  
Retail Chains ◽  
Corporate Concentration ◽  
Market Saturation

In this article, the authors examine the spatial distribution of major retail chains across Canada. Using store location data for 2001 and 2006, the geospatial approach adopted in this study allows for the analysis of retail chains’ store portfolios by the size of the resident population of the ‘markets’ within which they operate. The analysis presented highlights the dominance of chain locations within and proximal to Canada’s major urban markets and provides further evidence of increasing interest amongst a number of major chains in ‘small town’ (or ‘C’) markets. It points to a future in which these smaller markets will become more competitive with an increased presence of major retail chains. The findings reported can be seen as the locational imprint of the processes of corporate concentration taking place across Canada, fuelled by the interplay of increased competition, concerns over market saturation and the need to sustain growth.

Using GIS to Explore the Retail Structure of Market Towns in Ireland

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill Dwan
Keyword(s):  
Retail Sector ◽  
Threshold Analysis ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Market Town ◽  
Store Location ◽  
Retail Demand ◽  
Retail Structure ◽  
Retail Activity ◽  
Market Towns

The paper presents a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based approach to quantifying and comparing retail structures. It explores the retail landscape of the three largest market towns in County Tipperary, Republic of Ireland, namely: Clonmel, Thurles and Nenagh. The context for the study is provided through an overview of recent changes in the Irish retail sector, the dynamic of market towns and the associated challenges inherent in defining retail structure. Using demographic and retail store location data a demand threshold analysis is undertaken on custom-defined catchments for each market town (derived using a Huff Model). The paper highlights that applied GIS approaches can effectively be used to examine retail structure and to benchmark the relative under- or over-penetration of retail activity within a given set of markets. The paper also underlines the limitations inherent in such analysis and the need for high quality longitudinal data on retail demand and supply.

The Market Inscribed Landscape: An Institutional Logic of Food Deserts

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 344-368
Author(s):  
Jarrett Thibodeaux
Keyword(s):  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Economically Disadvantaged ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Food Deserts ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Institutional Logic ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Grocery Industry ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Store Location

Focusing on the institutional logics of the grocery industry, this paper argues that the “neighborhood effects” of a lack of resources provided by organizations to economically disadvantaged areas are moderated by institutional logics. From the 1930s to early 1970s, the grocery industry had a logic of “economies of scale.” A new “mix–margin” logic developed after the mid–1970s: using low margins on high–demand items to gain foot traffic needed to sell high–margin items. Using company–specific store location data (from 1970 to 1983), this paper analyzes whether differences in company philosophy affect their presence in economically disadvantaged zip codes. Results show that supermarkets were less likely to locate in economically disadvantaged zip codes when operating under a mix–margin philosophy. These results indicate a shift to a “mix–margin” institutional logic corresponded with an exodus from economically disadvantaged areas by the grocery industry after the mid–1970s.

scholarly journals Examination of Location Based Services and User Preferences

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S3) ◽  
pp. 342-346
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Mobile Location ◽  
User Interests ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Store Location ◽  
Year 2000

Recent developments on mobile location information have driven efforts to mine user patterns of interest. Even start-up companies survey user interests to enrich their business. All medium and large organizations are paying attention to collect and store location data. With the support of unlimited computing power and memory of mobile phones we can apply proficient Deep Learning algorithms to determine an optimal solution for user interests. In this article, we aim to complete an overall survey on evolution of Location Based Services and the improvements in recent trends. We have categorized the evolution period in to three divisions covering from the year 2000 to till date.

Emerging Retail Strategies in Urban Canada

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Hernandez ◽  
Magnus Svindal
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Resident Population ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Urban Markets ◽  
Store Location ◽  
Retail Chains ◽  
Corporate Concentration ◽  
Market Saturation

In this article, the authors examine the spatial distribution of major retail chains across Canada. Using store location data for 2001 and 2006, the geospatial approach adopted in this study allows for the analysis of retail chains’ store portfolios by the size of the resident population of the ‘markets’ within which they operate. The analysis presented highlights the dominance of chain locations within and proximal to Canada’s major urban markets and provides further evidence of increasing interest amongst a number of major chains in ‘small town’ (or ‘C’) markets. It points to a future in which these smaller markets will become more competitive with an increased presence of major retail chains. The findings reported can be seen as the locational imprint of the processes of corporate concentration taking place across Canada, fuelled by the interplay of increased competition, concerns over market saturation and the need to sustain growth.

PENERAPAN MIXTURE MODEL KEPADA APLIKASI HELPDESK BERBASIS WEB

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Chandra Kirana ◽  
Landong Moral Etisa
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Mixture Models ◽  
Mixture Model ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Customer Data ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Address Data ◽  
Store Location ◽  
Search For Information ◽  
Number Of Customers

The use of mixture models in the application implementation helpdesk aims to find the spread of data from various data hordes in order to find data near the desired results. It aims to facilitate the search for information derived from the company's technical documents. The use of helpdesk applications is to manage complaint data or any problems that are owned by customers, thus requiring service providers. Because companies engaged in services have a number of customers who are not small and have different problems. As well as having customers in different locations - requiring customer data management that can store location data with ease to use, it is preferred to store customer's address data. For that helpdesk application also uses map mapping online by using google map.Purpose in order to present the data online and can be accessed wherever located.

Location preemption by oligopolists: evidence from the Singapore supermarket industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-146
Author(s):  
Nitin Pangarkar
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Location Strategy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Supermarket Industry ◽  
Thiessen Polygons ◽  
Store Location ◽  
Low Costs

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether new store locations by two incumbent supermarket chains in Singapore were consistent with a preemptive strategy. Design/methodology/approach The methodology involved collecting store location data and using a geographical technique (Thiessen polygons) for inferring the existence of a preemptive strategy. Findings The analyses revealed that while NTUC Fairprice’s (the dominant incumbent) new store location strategy was consistent with a preemptive strategy, the second ranked player’s (Cold Storage) was not. Being the dominant incumbent, NTUC Fairprice had the incentive (protect its dominant position) as well as ability (scale, low costs and a merchandise mix that appealed to the mass market) to adopt a preemptive strategy. Cold Storage, on the other hand, lacked both the incentive (appeal to the narrow expatriate segment) and the ability (scale or low costs) to follow a preemptive location strategy. Research limitations/implications The analyses did not distinguish between the opening of large vs small stores because the data on store sizes were not available. The analyses focused on an earlier time period because the implementation of the analytical technique (construction of polygons) was more feasible during the timeframe. Practical implications The paper identifies conditions under which it may be appropriate for firms to follow a preemptive strategy. Originality/value The paper adopts a highly appropriate methodology (Thiessen polygons) that takes into account the locations of own as well as competitor’s stores for analyzing the new store locations by supermarket chains. The paper’s conclusions about the conditions under which preemptive strategies are likely to be adopted can be useful to future researchers as well as managers.

scholarly journals Improving the co-production of triacylglycerol and isoprenoids in Chlamydomonas

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1235-1244
Author(s):  
Supakorn Potijun ◽  
Suparat Jaingam ◽  
Nuttha Sanevas ◽  
Srunya Vajrodaya ◽  
Anchalee Sirikhachornkit
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Squalene Epoxidase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Green Microalga ◽  
Triacylglycerol Content ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
High Production ◽  
High Production Cost ◽  
Triacylglycerol Accumulation

Biodiesel and natural products derived from microalgae require a smaller land area and have higher production rates compared to plants and animals and has recently attracted considerable interest. However, biodiesel production from microalgal triacylglycerol is still far from commercial realization due to its high production cost. One way to overcome this obstacle is to improve the triacylglycerol accumulation and couple its production with other high-value compounds. Of particular interest is the sterol biosynthetic pathway with squalene as an intermediate due to its close relationship with triacylglycerol and carotenoid biosynthetic pathways. Besides, both squalene and carotenoids are isoprenoid lipids that have health benefits. Perturbation of one pathway has been suggested to affect other pathways. Three terbinafine-sensitive mutants of the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were isolated using terbinafine, a drug that inhibits squalene epoxidase, leading to squalene accumulation. One of the mutants, tfs2, accumulated twice the amount of wild-type triacylglycerol. As well as squalene accumulation, the presence of terbinafine further increased the triacylglycerol content. The level of prenyl lipid carotenoid and chlorophyll was also more significant than that of the wild type. Growth and photosynthesis were not compromised in this mutant. This is the first study that has demonstrated a mutant screening method to improve the co-production of TAG and isoprenoid lipids in a green microalgae.

scholarly journals The economic resilience of amenity cluster in the post-Covid city: the effect of relatedness on the survival of amenity shops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogang Jun ◽  
Cristian Jara Figueroa ◽  
Donghyeon Yu
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Spatial Clusters ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Store Location ◽  
Coffee Shops

Amenity clusters that consist of coffee shops, restaurants, and other small businesses provide utility to urban life and jobs for city dwellers. While most small business clusters were hard hit by the restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic, others were able to adapt. What determines the economic resilience of amenity clusters? By using store-location data for Seoul during 2016-2021, we identify spatial clusters of amenities and an \textit{amenity space} to examine the effect of relatedness on the resilience of each cluster. We find that businesses are more likely to survive when located in clusters of related amenities.

An integrated screening method for evaluating the pulmonary toxicity of inhaled particulates: Role of microscopic techniques in assessing pulmonary macrophage clearance functions

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 826-827
Author(s):  
David B. Warheit ◽  
Lena Achinko ◽  
Mark A. Hartsky
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Pulmonary Response ◽  
Inhaled Particles ◽  
Cytochemical Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Macrophages ◽  
Integrated Screening

There is a great need for the development of a rapid and reliable bioassay to evaluate the pulmonary toxicity of inhaled particles. A number of methods have been proposed, including lung clearance studies, bronchoalveolar lavage analysis, and in vitro cytotoxicity tests. These methods are often limited in scope inasmuch as they measure only one dimension of the pulmonary response to inhaled, instilled or incubated dusts. Accordingly, a comprehensive approach to lung toxicity studies has been developed.To validate the method, rats were exposed for 6 hours or 3 days to various concentrations of either aerosolized alpha quartz silica (Si) or carbonyl iron (CI) particles. Cells and fluids from groups of sham and dust-exposed animals were recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Alkaline phosphatase, LDH and protein values were measured in BAL fluids at several time points postexposure. Cells were counted and evaluated for viability, as well as differential and cytochemical analysis. In addition, pulmonary macrophages (PM) were cultured and studied for morphology, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis by scanning electron microscopy.

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