scholarly journals Molecular Distributions of the Disk/Envelope System of L483: Principal Component Analysis for the Image Cube Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Yuki Okoda ◽  
Yoko Oya ◽  
Shotaro Abe ◽  
Ayano Komaki ◽  
Yoshimasa Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Molecular Line ◽  
Large Correlation ◽  
Complex Organic Molecule ◽  
Molecular Lines ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Complex Organic

Abstract Unbiased understanding of molecular distributions in a disk/envelope system of a low-mass protostellar source is crucial for investigating physical and chemical evolution processes. We have observed 23 molecular lines toward the Class 0 protostellar source L483 with ALMA and have performed principal component analysis (PCA) for their cube data (PCA-3D) to characterize their distributions and velocity structures in the vicinity of the protostar. The sum of the contributions of the first three components is 63.1%. Most oxygen-bearing complex organic molecule lines have a large correlation with the first principal component (PC1), representing the overall structure of the disk/envelope system around the protostar. Contrary, the C18O and SiO emissions show small and negative correlations with PC1. The NH2CHO lines stand out conspicuously at the second principal component (PC2), revealing more compact distribution. The HNCO lines and the high-excitation line of CH3OH have a similar trend for PC2 to NH2CHO. On the other hand, C18O is well correlated with the third principal component (PC3). Thus, PCA-3D enables us to elucidate the similarities and the differences of the distributions and the velocity structures among molecular lines simultaneously, so that the chemical differentiation between the oxygen-bearing complex organic molecules and the nitrogen-bearing ones is revealed in this source. We have also conducted PCA for the moment 0 maps (PCA-2D) and that for the spectral line profiles (PCA-1D). While they can extract part of characteristics of the molecular line data, PCA-3D is essential for comprehensive understandings. Characteristic features of the molecular line distributions are discussed on NH2CHO.

scholarly journals The Classification of Primitive-Shaped Patterns by Using Principal Component Analysis Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
IGA Widagda ◽  
Hery Suyanto
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Moment Invariant ◽  
Pca Method ◽  
The Moment

Abstrak – The recognition or classification of patterns is a major problem in computer vision. Many methods have been applied such as: moment invariant, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), K-mean, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and others. These methods have a few limitations. The moment invariant fashion is highly vulnerable to noise. ANN methods require a long computing time (especially multi-layer ANN) during the training process. On the other hand, the dimensions of the features generated from the methods are relatively high, which requires large storage space (memory). In addition, this leads to the long computing time when the testing process is carried out. Based on these facts, this research makes use of methods that being able to reduce the feature dimensions, namely the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). In the PCA method the dimensions of the sample image are converted to principal components (face space), whose dimensions are much smaller than the dimensions of the sample image itself. Our works exhibit that the PCA method is highly effective in carrying out the pattern classification process. This can be indicated by the relatively high values of Predictive Accuracy, Precision and Recall (close to 1) while the FP Rate is low (close to 0). Moreover, the location of the point coordinates (FP Rate, TP Rate) in ROC graphs is fallen in the upper left region (approaching the perfect classifier region).

scholarly journals A 3-mm molecular line study of the Central Molecular Zone of the Galaxy

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (S251) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Paul A. Jones ◽  
Michael G. Burton ◽  
Vicki Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Galactic Centre ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Molecular Line ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Molecular Lines ◽  
Sgr A ◽  
Cloud Complex

AbstractWe are studying the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) in the inner few degrees around the Galactic Centre, by mapping multiple 3-mm molecular lines, with the 22-m Mopra telescope. During 2006, we covered a 5 × 5 arcmin2 area of the Sagittarius B2 molecular cloud complex (Jones et al. 2008). We find substantial differences in chemical and physical conditions within the complex. We show some results here of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of line features in this Sgr B2 area. During 2007 we covered the larger region of longitude −0.2 to 0.9 deg. and latitude -0.20 to 0.12 deg., including Sgr A and Sgr B2, in the frequency range 85.3 to 91.3 GHz. This includes lines of C3H2, CH3CCH, HOCO+, SO, H13CN, H13CO+, SO, H13NC, C2H, HNCO, HCN, HCO+, HNC, HC3N, 13CS and N2H+.

scholarly journals Intragroup variation in the Pre-Columbian Cuba population: A perspective from cranial morphology

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-255
Author(s):  
Taisiya Syutkina ◽  
Mario Juan Gordillo Pérez ◽  
Silvia Teresita Hernández Godoy ◽  
Carlos Arredondo Antúnez ◽  
Armando Rangel Rivero
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Cranial Morphology ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Metric Traits

Abstract The paper aims to study intragroup variation inside the two pre-Columbian Cuban populations: the aceramic Archaic and the ceramic Taino groups, based on their cranial morphology. The latter applied artificial cranial deformation to all its members, so the groups are referred to as “non-deformed” and “deformed” samples here. Studies across different disciplines suggest evidence of cultural and biological diversity inside the non-deformed group, while local variations of applying the deforming device can be responsible for shape variation across the deformed group. Cranial metrics and non-metric cranial traits of the 92 crania of Cuban origin were analyzed, although the sample size varied between the analyses due to the incompleteness of the crania. Geometric morphometrics was applied to the deformed crania to study the shape variation across the sample. Three deformed crania from the Dominican Republic were analyzed together with the deformed Cuban sample to test the variability of the practice between the islands. Principal component analysis and the Mantel test did not reveal any geographic differences in the cranial metric traits. No morphological differences associated with the antiquity of materials could be seen either based on the available data. The principal component analysis of the Procrustes coordinates of the cranial vault outline in the lateral norm revealed continuous variability of cranial shapes from the ones with more flattened frontal and occipital bones to the more curved outlines, which is probably explained by individual variation. Non-metric traits variation revealed bilateral asymmetry in the expression of the occipito-mastoidal ossicles among the deformed crania. In conclusion, the study did not support assumptions about morphological diversity inside the studied samples or proved the impossibility of available craniological data to reflect possible intragroup differentiation at the moment.

A German version of the Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ): cultural adaptation and validation

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirchberger ◽  
Finger ◽  
Müller-Bühl
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Completion Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
German Version ◽  
Average Completion Time ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Related Quality

Background: The Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ) is a short questionnaire for the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). The objective of this study was to translate the ICQ into German and to investigate the psychometric properties of the German ICQ version in patients with IC. Patients and methods: The original English version was translated using a forward-backward method. The resulting German version was reviewed by the author of the original version and an experienced clinician. Finally, it was tested for clarity with 5 German patients with IC. A sample of 81 patients were administered the German ICQ. The sample consisted of 58.0 % male patients with a median age of 71 years and a median IC duration of 36 months. Test of feasibility included completeness of questionnaires, completion time, and ratings of clarity, length and relevance. Reliability was assessed through a retest in 13 patients at 14 days, and analysis of Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency. Construct validity was investigated using principal component analysis. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating the ICQ scores with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) as well as clinical measures. Results: The ICQ was completely filled in by 73 subjects (90.1 %) with an average completion time of 6.3 minutes. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient reached 0.75. Intra-class correlation for test-retest reliability was r = 0.88. Principal component analysis resulted in a 3 factor solution. The first factor explained 51.5 of the total variation and all items had loadings of at least 0.65 on it. The ICQ was significantly associated with the SF-36 and treadmill-walking distances whereas no association was found for resting ABPI. Conclusions: The German version of the ICQ demonstrated good feasibility, satisfactory reliability and good validity. Responsiveness should be investigated in further validation studies.

Multifactorial analysis of clinical laboratory signs, the levels of IL-17A, IL-23, IL-33, IL-35, and specific antibodies in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 676-681
Author(s):  
V.V. Sapozhnikova ◽  
◽  
A.L. Bondarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Erythema Migrans ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multifactorial Analysis ◽  
Specific Antibodies

Aim: to determine the association between clinical laboratory parameters, the production of cytokines (IL-17A, -23, -33, -35), and specific IgM and IgG in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans. Patients and Methods: complete blood count, the concentrations of IL-17A, -23, -33, -35, and the levels of specific IgM and IgG were measured during acute infection and convalescence (n=30). The control group included age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (n=30). Statistical analysis was performed using the StatSoft Statistica v 10.0 software (parametric and non-parametric methods and multifactorial analysis, i.e., principal component analysis). Results: most (80%) patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans are the people of working age. In most patients, the combination of the specific antibodies against Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii (76.7%) and severe intoxication and inflammatory process (100%) were detected. Moderate and severe disease associated with meningism was diagnosed in 90% and 10%, respectively. The mean duration of hectic period was 8.3±1.27 days. Abnormal ECG was reported in 40% of patients, i.e., conduction abnormalities in 20%, sinus bradycardia in 16.7%,and sinus tachycardia in 3.3%. The clinical laboratory signs of hepatitis without jaundice were identified in 26.7%. During treatment, the significant reduction in band and segmented neutrophil counts as well as the significant increase in platelet count were revealed compared to these parameters at admission. Abnormal cytokine levels (i.e., the increase in IL-17A, -23, -33 and the deficiency of IL-35) were detected. Conclusions: multifactorial analysis has demonstrated that the severity of immunological abnormalities in patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans is associated with fever, cardiac and liver disorders, the high levels of IL-23 and IL-33, and the lack of IL-35 and specific IgM and IgG. KEYWORDS: tick-borne borreliosis, Lyme disease without erythema migrans, clinical laboratory signs, cytokines, specific antibodies, multifactorial analysis, principal component analysis. FOR CITATION: Sapozhnikova V.V., Bondarenko A.L. Multifactorial analysis of clinical laboratory signs, the levels of IL-17A, IL-23, IL-33, IL-35, and specific antibodies in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(11):676–681. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-11-676-681.

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