Potential diagnostic role of diffusion tensor imaging in early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is typified by motor signs and symptoms but can also lead to significant cognitive impairment and dementia Parkinson's Disease Dementia (PDD). While dementia is considered a nonmotor feature of PD that typically occurs later, individuals with PD may experience mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) earlier in the disease course. Olfactory deficit (OD) is considered another nonmotor symptom of PD and often presents even before the motor signs and diagnosis of PD. We examined potential links among cognitive impairment, olfactory functioning, and white matter integrity of olfactory brain regions in persons with early-stage PD. Cognitive tests were used to established groups with PD-MCI and with normal cognition (PD-NC). Olfactory functioning was examined using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) while the white matter integrity of the anterior olfactory structures (AOS) was examined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) analysis. Those with PD-MCI demonstrated poorer olfactory functioning and abnormalities based on all DTI parameters in the AOS, relative to PD-NC individuals. OD and microstructural changes in the AOS of individuals with PD may serve as additional biological markers of PD-MCI.

Download Full-text

Role of diffusion tensor imaging or magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the diagnosis and disability assessment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Journal of the Neurological Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jns.2014.12.004 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 348 (1-2) ◽

pp. 206-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Chanchan Liu ◽

Rifeng Jiang ◽

Xiyan Yi ◽

Wenzhen Zhu ◽

Bitao Bu

Keyword(s):

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Disability Assessment ◽

Lateral Sclerosis

Download Full-text

The Diagnostic Role of Sputum miRNA in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

10.21203/rs.3.rs-62275/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zaoxiu Hu ◽

Yonghe Zhao ◽

Yanlong Yang ◽

Zhenghai Shen ◽

Yunchao Huang

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Early Stage ◽

Small Cell ◽

Stage I ◽

Small Cell Lung ◽

Diagnostic Role

Abstract Objective: Recent studies indicated sputum miRNAs may provide a promising approach for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosis. But some results were still inconsistent. So, we performed meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic role of sputum miRNAs for the detection of NSCLC.Methods: Eligible studies that estimated the diagnostic accuracy of sputum miRNAs in NSCLC were searched in Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Data from the eligible studies were collected and pooled; sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratios, weighted symmetric summary ROC curve and the area under the curve (AUC) were calculated by bi-variate random effects model. The between-study heterogeneity was evaluated by Q test and I2 statistics.Results: 30 studies from 16 articles were included for analysis. The overall analysis yielded the sensitivity of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.73–0.81) and specificity of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.83–0.90), with an area under the SROC curve (AUC) of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.86–0.91). Subgroup analysis revealed the diagnostic accuracy in multiple miRNAs studies was higher than single miRNA (the sensitivity, specifcity and an AUC of multiple miRNAs were 0.76, 0.88 and 0.90; and for single miRNA, it was 0.74, 0.74, and 0.80). The diagnostic performance in early stage NSCLC was also very high (the sensitivity, specifcity and an AUC of stage I/II was 0.76, 0.88 and 0.91; and for stage I, it was 0.79, 0.85, and 0.87). We also found miR-210, miR-21, miR-31 and miR-126-3p might serve as potential biomarkers for lung cancer.Conclusion: Sputum miRNAs was useful noninvasive biomarkers for NSCLC diagnosis.

Download Full-text

Role of Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Detection and Lateralization of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

The Medical Journal of Cairo University ◽

10.21608/mjcu.2018.57880 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 86 (9) ◽

pp. 2501-2505

Author(s):

NERMEEN M.S. GARHY, M.D.; AMR O.M.A. AZAB, M.D. ◽

RANIA Z. HASSAN, M.D.; ASMAA M. EBRAHEIM, M.D.

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Diffusion Tensor

Download Full-text

Role of diffusion tensor imaging in the evaluation of ulnar nerve involvement in leprosy

British Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1259/bjr.20210290 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 20210290

Author(s):

Ankita Aggarwal ◽

Chandan Jyoti Das ◽

Neena Khanna ◽

Raju Sharma ◽

Deep Narayan Srivastava ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Ulnar Nerve ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Cross Sectional Area ◽

Ulnar Neuropathy ◽

Control Group ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective: Early detection of peripheral neuropathy is extremely important as leprosy is one of the treatable causes of peripheral neuropathy. The study was undertaken to assess the role of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in ulnar neuropathy in leprosy patients. Methods: This was a case–control study including 38 patients (72 nerves) and 5 controls (10 nerves) done between January 2017 and June 2019. Skin biopsy proven cases of leprosy, having symptoms of ulnar neuropathy (proven on nerve conduction study) were included. MRI was performed on a 3 T MR system. Mean cross-sectional area, fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of ulnar nerve at cubital tunnel were calculated. Additional ancillary findings and appearance of base sequences were evaluated. Results: Ulnar nerve showed thickening with altered T2W signal in all the affected nerves, having an average cross-sectional area of 0.26 cm2. Low FA with mean of 0.397 ± 0.19 and high ADC with mean of 1.28 ± 0.427 x 10 −3 mm2/s of ulnar nerve in retrocondylar groove was obtained. In the control group, mean cross-sectional area was 0.71cm2 with mean FA and ADC of 0.53 ± 0.088 and 1.03 ± 0.24 x 10 −3 mm2/s respectively. Statistically no significant difference was seen in diseased and control group. Cut-off to detect neuropathy for FA and ADC is 0.4835 and 1.1020 × 10 −3 mm2/s respectively. Conclusion: DTI though is challenging in peripheral nerves, however, is proving to be a powerful complementary tool for assessment of peripheral neuropathy. Our study validates its utility in infective neuropathies. Advances in knowledge: 1. DTI is a potential complementary tool for detection of peripheral neuropathies and can be incorporated in standard MR neurography protocol. 2. In leprosy-related ulnar neuropathy, altered signal intensity with thickening or abscess of the nerve is appreciated along with locoregional nodes and secondary denervation changes along with reduction of FA and rise in ADC value. 3. Best cut-offs obtained in our study for FA and ADC are 0.4835 and 1.1020 × 10 −3 mm2/s respectively.

Download Full-text