scholarly journals Diaporthalean fungi associated with canker and dieback of trees from Mount Dongling in Beijing, China

MycoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 67-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Zhu ◽  
Meng Pan ◽  
Guido Bonthond ◽  
Chengming Tian ◽  
Xinlei Fan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Beijing China

Diaporthales is a fungal order comprising important plant pathogens, saprobes and endophytes on a wide range of woody hosts. It is often difficult to differentiate the pathogens in this order, since both the morphology and disease symptoms are similar among the various species. In the current study, we obtained 15 representative diaporthalean isolates from six tree hosts belonging to plant families Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Juglandaceae, Rosaceae, and Ulmaceae from Mount Dongling in China. Six species were identified residing in four families of Diaporthales (Diaporthaceae, Erythrogloeaceae, Juglanconidaceae and Melanconidaceae). Based on morphological comparison and the phylogenetic analyses of partial ITS, LSU, cal, his3, rpb2, tef1-α and tub2 gene sequences, we identified five known species (Diaporthe betulina, D. eres, D. rostrata, Juglamconis oblonga and Melanconis stilbostoma) and one novel species (Dendrostoma donglinensis). These results represent the first study of diaporthalean fungi associated with canker and dieback symptoms from Mount Dongling in Beijing, China.

scholarly journals Discovery of Cytospora species associated with canker disease of tree hosts from Mount Dongling of China

MycoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 97-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Zhu ◽  
Meng Pan ◽  
Jadson D.P. Bezerra ◽  
Chengming Tian ◽  
Xinlei Fan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Wide Range

Members of Cytospora encompass important plant pathogens, saprobes and endophytes on a wide range of woody hosts with a worldwide distribution. In the current study, we obtained seven representative isolates from six tree hosts of Betulaceae, Juglandaceae, Rosaceae, Tiliaceae and Ulmaceae in Mount Dongling of China. Based on morphological comparison and phylogenetic analyses using partial ITS, LSU, act, rpb2, tef1-α and tub2 gene sequences, we identified two known species (Cytospora leucostoma and C. pruinopsis) and two novel species (C. coryli and C. spiraeicola). These results represent the first study on Cytospora species associated with canker disease from Mount Dongling of China.

scholarly journals Colletotrichum species associated with anthracnose of Pyrus spp. in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fu ◽  
P.W. Crous ◽  
Q. Bai ◽  
P.F. Zhang ◽  
J. Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Koch’S Postulates ◽  
Colletotrichum Species ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Koch's Postulates

Colletotrichum species are plant pathogens, saprobes, and endophytes on a range of economically important hosts. However, the species occurring on pear remain largely unresolved. To determine the morphology, phylogeny and biology of Colletotrichum species associated with Pyrus plants, a total of 295 samples were collected from cultivated pear species (including P. pyrifolia, P. bretschneideri, and P. communis) from seven major pear-cultivation provinces in China. The pear leaves and fruits affected by anthracnose were sampled and subjected to fungus isolation, resulting in a total of 488 Colletotrichum isolates. Phylogenetic analyses based on six loci (ACT, TUB2, CAL, CHS-1, GAPDH, and ITS) coupled with morphology of 90 representative isolates revealed that they belong to 10 known Colletotrichum species, including C. aenigma, C. citricola, C. conoides, C. fioriniae, C. fructicola, C. gloeosporioides, C. karstii, C. plurivorum, C. siamense, C. wuxiense, and two novel species, described here as C. jinshuiense and C. pyrifoliae. Of these, C. fructicola was the most dominant, occurring on P. pyrifolia and P. bretschneideri in all surveyed provinces except in Shandong, where C. siamense was dominant. In contrast, only C. siamense and C. fioriniae were isolated from P. communis, with the former being dominant. In order to prove Koch's postulates, pathogenicity tests on pear leaves and fruits revealed a broad diversity in pathogenicity and aggressiveness among the species and isolates, of which C. citricola, C. jinshuiense, C. pyrifoliae, and C. conoides appeared to be organ-specific on either leaves or fruits. This study also represents the first reports of C. citricola, C. conoides, C. karstii, C. plurivorum, C. siamense, and C. wuxiense causing anthracnose on pear.

scholarly journals Polaribacter dokdonensis sp. nov., isolated from seawater

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1251-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Hoon Yoon ◽  
So-Jung Kang ◽  
Tae-Kwang Oh
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

A Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, slightly halophilic bacterial strain, DSW-5T, was isolated from seawater off Dokdo, Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. It grew optimally at 25–28 °C and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain DSW-5T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids detected were phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified phospholipids and an amino-group-containing lipid. The DNA G+C content was 30.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain DSW-5T was most closely related to the genus Polaribacter. Similarity values between the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain DSW-5T and the type strains of recognized Polaribacter species were in the range 96.2–96.8 %. On the basis of its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain DSW-5T (=KCTC 12392T=DSM 17204T) was classified in the genus Polaribacter as the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Polaribacter dokdonensis sp. nov. is proposed.

scholarly journals Algoriphagus terrigena sp. nov., isolated from soil

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Hoon Yoon ◽  
Mi-Hwa Lee ◽  
So-Jung Kang ◽  
Tae-Kwang Oh
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

A Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacterial strain, DS-44T, was isolated from soil from Dokdo in Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. It grew optimally at 25 °C and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain DS-44T contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH as the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C content was 49·0 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain DS-44T belongs to the genus Algoriphagus of the phylum Bacteroidetes. Similarity values between the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain DS-44T and those of the type strains of recognized Algoriphagus species were in the range 93·8–95·7 %, making it possible to categorize strain DS-44T as a species that is separate from previously described Algoriphagus species. On the basis of its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain DS-44T (=KCTC 12545T=CIP 108837T) was classified in the genus Algoriphagus as the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Algoriphagus terrigena sp. nov. is proposed.

scholarly journals Morphology and phylogeny of three karyorelictean ciliates (Protista, Ciliophora), including two novel species, Trachelocerca chinensis sp. n. and Tracheloraphis dragescoi sp. n.

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 4084-4097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Xu ◽  
Ying Yan ◽  
Lifang Li ◽  
Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid ◽  
Saleh A. Al-Farraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ssu Rrna ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Approximately Unbiased ◽  
Nuclear Group

This paper investigates the morphology and infraciliature of three karyorelictean ciliates, Trachelocerca chinensis sp. n., Tracheloraphis dragescoi sp. n. and a rarely known form, Geleia acuta (Dragesco, 1960) Foissner, 1998, which were isolated from the intertidal zone of sandy beaches at Zhanjiang and Qingdao, China. Trachelocerca chinensis sp. n. is distinguished from related forms by having 26–30 somatic kineties, a narrow glabrous stripe and a single nuclear group composed of approximately four to six macronuclei and two micronuclei. Tracheloraphis dragescoi sp. n. can be recognized through its 14–22 somatic kineties, wide glabrous stripe and a single nuclear group composed of about four macronuclei. Phylogenetic analyses based on small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequences indicated that the genera Trachelocerca and Tracheloraphis are closely related but that neither of them appears to be a clearly monophyletic group. Nonetheless, the monophyly of Trachelocerca is not rejected by the approximately unbiased (AU) test (P = 0.143, >0.05), although that of Tracheloraphis is rejected (P = 0.011, <0.05). Geleia acuta, meanwhile, branched with Geleia fossata and falls in the Geleia clade.

scholarly journals Arcobacter marinus sp. nov.

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Min Kim ◽  
Chung Yeon Hwang ◽  
Byung Cheol Cho
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Microaerobic Conditions ◽  
Curved Rod ◽  
Sequence Similarities

A slightly curved, rod-shaped marine bacterium, designated strain CL-S1T, was isolated from near Dokdo, an island in the East Sea, Korea. Cells were Gram-negative and grew well under either aerobic or microaerobic conditions. Analyses of the 16S rRNA and gyrA gene sequences of strain CL-S1T revealed an affiliation with the genus Arcobacter within the class Epsilonproteobacteria. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA and gyrA gene sequences showed that strain CL-S1T formed a robust clade with Arcobacter halophilus LA31BT, with sequence similarities of 96.1 and 88.2 %, respectively. DNA–DNA relatedness between strain CL-S1T and A. halophilus DSM 18005T was 44 %, indicating that they represent genomically distinct species. Strain CL-S1T grew optimally at 30–37 °C, at pH 7 and in the presence of 3–5 % NaCl. The dominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1 ω7c (28.4 %), C16 : 0 (26.2 %) and C18 : 1 ω7c (22.3 %). The DNA G+C content of strain CL-S1T was 28 mol%. Strain CL-S1T differed phenotypically from A. halophilus LA31BT based on its ability to grow aerobically at 10 °C and inability to grow under anaerobic conditions. Based on the data presented, strain CL-S1T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Arcobacter, for which the name Arcobacter marinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CL-S1T (=KCCM 90072T =JCM 15502T).

scholarly journals Insights on Lulworthiales Inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea and Description of Three Novel Species of the Genus Paralulworthia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 940
Author(s):  
Anna Poli ◽  
Valeria Prigione ◽  
Elena Bovio ◽  
Iolanda Perugini ◽  
Giovanna Cristina Varese
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Posidonia Oceanica ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
Protein Coding Genes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Bayesian Phylogeny

The order Lulworthiales, with its sole family Lulworthiaceae, consists of strictly marine genera found on a wide range of substrates such as seagrasses, seaweeds, and seafoam. Twenty-one unidentified Lulworthiales were isolated in previous surveys aimed at broadening our understanding of the biodiversity hosted in the Mediterranean Sea. Here, these organisms, mostly found in association with Posidonia oceanica and with submerged woods, were examined using thorough multi-locus phylogenetic analyses and morphological observations. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian phylogeny based on nrITS, nrSSU, nrLSU, and four protein-coding genes led to the introduction of three novel species of the genus Paralulworthia: P. candida, P. elbensis, and P. mediterranea. Once again, the marine environment is a confirmed huge reservoir of novel fungal lineages with an under-investigated biotechnological potential waiting to be explored.

scholarly journals Tree inhabiting gnomoniaceous species from China, with Cryphogonomonia gen. nov. proposed

MycoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 71-89
Author(s):  
Qin Yang ◽  
Ning Jiang ◽  
Cheng-Ming Tian
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Polyphasic Approach ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Tree Diseases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cultural Data

Species of Gnomoniaceae are commonly associated with leaf spot diseases of a wide range of plant hosts worldwide. During our investigation of fungi associated with tree diseases in China, several gnomoniaceous isolates were recovered from symptomatic branches and leaves on different woody plants in the Fagaceae, Pinaceae, and Salicaceae families. These isolates were studied by applying a polyphasic approach including morphological, cultural data, and phylogenetic analyses of partial ITS, LSU, tef1, rpb2 and tub2 gene sequences. As a result, three species were identified with characters fitting into the family Gnomoniaceae. One of these species is described herein as Cryphognomonia pinigen. et sp. nov., characterized by developed pseudostromata and ascospores with obvious hyaline sheath; Gnomoniopsis xunwuensissp. nov. is illustrated showing sympodially branched conidiophore, oval or fusiform conidia; and one known species, Plagiostoma populinum. The current study improves the understanding of gnomoniaceous species causing diebacks and leaf spot on ecological and economic forest trees.

scholarly journals Morphological and phylogenetic analyses reveal three new species of Diaporthe from Yunnan, China

MycoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 49-77
Author(s):  
Shengting Huang ◽  
Jiwen Xia ◽  
Xiuguo Zhang ◽  
WenXiu Sun
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Hosts ◽  
Three New Species

Species of Diaporthe have often been reported as plant pathogens, endophytes or saprobes, commonly isolated from a wide range of plant hosts. Sixteen strains isolated from species of ten host genera in Yunnan Province, China, represented three new species of Diaporthe, D. chrysalidocarpi, D. machili and D. pometiae as well as five known species D. arecae, D. hongkongensis, D. middletonii, D. osmanthi and D. pandanicola. Morphological comparisons with known species and DNA-based phylogenies based on the analysis of a multigene (ITS, TUB, TEF, CAL and HIS) dataset support the establishment of the new species. This study reveals that a high species diversity of Diaporthe with wide host ranges occur in tropical rainforest in Yunnan Province, China.

scholarly journals A survey of subtropical nursery plants for fungal diseases in Northland

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 132-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Braithwaite ◽  
C.F. Hill ◽  
S. Ganev ◽  
J.M. Pay ◽  
H.G. Pearson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
New Host ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
First Time

During 2003 and 2004 fortyfive randomly selected wholesale and retail plant nurseries were surveyed for plant diseases The plant families Agavaceae Annonaceae Arecaceae Bromeliaceae Cycadaceae and Musaceae were targeted Plants were examined in situ for disease symptoms as well as samples being collected for laboratory analyses Fungi were identified using morphological characteristics and where necessary with molecular techniques The survey resulted in a range of fungi being identified from the target plants These fungi ranged from saprophytes to plant pathogens some of which may have undesirable effects on New Zealands biodiversity or economy Many new host/pathogen records were observed and several fungi were detected for the first time in New Zealand This paper presents and discusses the results of these findings

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