scholarly journals Bird activity patterns in the understorey of an evergreen forest in Oaxaca, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gabriela Pérez-Irineo ◽  
Antonio Santos-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Behavioural Ecology ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Temporal Partitioning ◽  
Temporal Niche ◽  
Basic Biology

Activity patterns of species are related to their physiology, their behaviour and the environment and can change in response to different factors, such as interactions between species. Bird species, typical of the understorey, show morphological and ecological similarities and must thus have some mechanism of ecological separation, such as temporal niche partitioning. The objective of this study was to provide information about activity patterns and activity overlap of bird species typical of the understorey. We expected temporal niche partitioning between ecologically-similar species. We placed camera traps in 29 sampling points in a high evergreen forest in the southeast of Mexico between 2011 and 2013. All species were mainly diurnal and, contrary to what we expected, there was temporal partitioning between tinamids, but not in galliforms and columbiforms. The degree of activity overlap might reflect a solitary or group lifestyle of the three sets of species, as well as shared behavioural preferences and similar adaptations. These results contribute to our knowledge of the basic biology and behavioural ecology of birds of the understorey.

scholarly journals Temporal niche partitioning as a novel mechanism promoting co-existence of sympatric predators in marine systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1954) ◽  
pp. 20210816
Author(s):  
Karissa O. Lear ◽  
Nicholas M. Whitney ◽  
John J. Morris ◽  
Adrian C. Gleiss
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Interference Competition ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Multiple Predators ◽  
Temporal Partitioning ◽  
Marine Systems ◽  
Temporal Niche ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Sensory Adaptations

Niche partitioning of time, space or resources is considered the key to allowing the coexistence of competitor species, and particularly guilds of predators. However, the extent to which these processes occur in marine systems is poorly understood due to the difficulty in studying fine-scale movements and activity patterns in mobile underwater species. Here, we used acceleration data-loggers to investigate temporal partitioning in a guild of marine predators. Six species of co-occurring large coastal sharks demonstrated distinct diel patterns of activity, providing evidence of strong temporal partitioning of foraging times. This is the first instance of diel temporal niche partitioning described in a marine predator guild, and is probably driven by a combination of physiological constraints in diel timing of activity (e.g. sensory adaptations) and interference competition (hierarchical predation within the guild), which may force less dominant predators to suboptimal foraging times to avoid agonistic interactions. Temporal partitioning is often thought to be rare compared to other partitioning mechanisms, but the occurrence of temporal partitioning here and similar characteristics in many other marine ecosystems (multiple predators simultaneously present in the same space with dietary overlap) introduces the question of whether this is a common mechanism of resource division in marine systems.

scholarly journals A sparse observation model to quantify species interactions in time and space

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadoune Ait Kaci Azzou ◽  
Liam Singer ◽  
Thierry Aebischer ◽  
Madleina Caduff ◽  
Beat Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Observation Model ◽  
Occupancy Models ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Imperfect Detection ◽  
Mobile Species

SummaryCamera traps and acoustic recording devices are essential tools to quantify the distribution, abundance and behavior of mobile species. Varying detection probabilities among device locations must be accounted for when analyzing such data, which is generally done using occupancy models. We introduce a Bayesian Time-dependent Observation Model for Camera Trap data (Tomcat), suited to estimate relative event densities in space and time. Tomcat allows to learn about the environmental requirements and daily activity patterns of species while accounting for imperfect detection. It further implements a sparse model that deals well will a large number of potentially highly correlated environmental variables. By integrating both spatial and temporal information, we extend the notation of overlap coefficient between species to time and space to study niche partitioning. We illustrate the power of Tomcat through an application to camera trap data of eight sympatrically occurring duiker Cephalophinae species in the savanna - rainforest ecotone in the Central African Republic and show that most species pairs show little overlap. Exceptions are those for which one species is very rare, likely as a result of direct competition.

Activity patterns and temporal niche partitioning of dogs and medium-sized wild mammals in urban parks of Xalapa, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isac Mella-Méndez ◽  
Rafael Flores-Peredo ◽  
Jairo Pérez-Torres ◽  
Sergio Hernández-González ◽  
Dino Ulises González-Uribe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Temporal Niche

Population density and habitat loss of Chestnut-headed Partridge Arborophila cambodiana in south-west Cambodia

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-526
Author(s):  
SOPHEA CHHIN ◽  
NICHOLAS J. SOUTER ◽  
DUSIT NGOPRASERT ◽  
STEPHEN J. BROWNE ◽  
TOMMASO SAVINI
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Potential Habitat ◽  
South West ◽  
Line Transects

SummaryThirty-two percent of bird species in South-East Asia are likely to become extinct by the end of this century. However, due to a lack of data this number may be an underestimate. The Chestnut-headed Partridge Arborophila cambodiana found in south-west Cambodia’s Cardamom Mountain range is a largely unknown potentially at-risk species. We used line transects and camera traps to survey A. cambodiana in four protected areas in the Cardamom Mountains to estimate population densities. We also assessed their current distribution range and broad scale habitat changes from 1996 to 2016. We found A. cambodiana in evergreen and semi-evergreen forest at a density of 1.23 calling males/km2, and at altitudes above 400 m and where the slope was between 11 and 43o. From 1996 to 2016 A. cambodiana’s potential habitat decreased by 11%, whilst the total evergreen forest cover in the Cardamom Mountains decreased by 20%. A. cambodiana has a very restricted range within which the habitat has been fragmented. Compounded by human disturbance and development activities that negatively affect the species, we suggest a revision of its IUCN Red List status from ‘Least Concern’ to ‘Near Threatened’ as it partially meets a range of threatened Red List species criteria.

scholarly journals Small cat surveys: 10 years of data from Central Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 13478-13491
Author(s):  
Karen Anne Jeffers ◽  
Adul , ◽  
Susan Mary Cheyne
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Temporal Partitioning ◽  
Leopard Cat ◽  
The Government

We present an update on the photographic detections from camera traps and the activity patterns of Borneo’s four small cats, namely, Sunda Leopard Cat Prionailurus javanensis, Flat-headed Cat P. planiceps, Marbled Cat Pardofelis marmorata, and Bay Cat Catopuma badia, at two sites in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia.  Camera trap survey data of 10 years (2008–2018) from the first site in Sebangau provide details about the temporal partitioning of these small cats from each other but overlap with Sunda Clouded Leopard Neofelis diardi.  The activity of Flat-headed Cat was higher after midnight and that of Leopard Cat at night with no clear preference before or after midnight.  The Marbled Cat is predominantly diurnal, but the remaining three cats have flexible activity periods.  While limited data are available from Rungan, the second site, we confirmed the presence of all four small cat species found on Borneo, though we have insufficient data to comment on the Bay Cat.  The cat sightings, however, are intermittent and may reflect the unprotected status of this forest.  Leopard Cats appear relatively unaffected by habitat disturbance based on encounter rates on camera traps.  Conservationists, both NGOs and the government, must pay particular attention to specialists like Flat-headed Cats and Bay Cats when assessing habitat suitability for long-term cat conservation.

Unusual temporal niche overlap in a phytophagous bat ensemble of western Cuba

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 511-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Mancina ◽  
Ivan Castro-Arellano
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Temporal Niche ◽  
Artibeus Jamaicensis ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Tropical Evergreen Forest ◽  
Reproductive Females ◽  
Temporal Overlap

Abstract:We assessed the differences and similarities in diel activities among five phytophagous bat species at two habitats over two seasons within the Sierra del Rosario Biosphere Reserve in Cuba. We characterized temporal patterns of activity and overlap of temporal activity for frugivore and nectarivore bat species (Artibeus jamaicensis, Monophyllus redmani, Phyllonycteris poeyi, Phyllops falcatus and Brachyphylla nana) that occur in tropical evergreen forest sites with distinct altitude and vegetation structure during wet and dry seasons. Capture frequencies using mist-nets of 1180 capture events were the empirical basis for analyses. For each species we compared activity patterns between habitats, between seasons, between males and females, as well as between reproductive and non-reproductive females. We also assessed temporal overlap among each possible pair of species at each habitat and used Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate assemblage-wide temporal niche overlap using a new algorithm, termed Rosario, designed specifically for temporal data. The two habitats had the same species composition and bat diel rhythms tended to be consistent across habitats, seasons and sexes for most bat species. In general bat species pairwise temporal niche overlap was high, and the ensemble-wide temporal overlap was consistently high across habitats and seasons indicating a common constraint for bat activities. Activity peaks of most bat species coincided at 4–5 h after sunset, this being in sharp contrast to other Neotropical bat assemblages at continental sites where activity peaks usually overlap within the first 2 h after sunset. This strong disparity in timing of activity peaks between continental and insular bat assemblages can provide the framework for the generation of hypotheses that explain the potential role of time as a mediator of ecological interactions in bat assemblages.

Predation risk increases intraspecific heterogeneity in white-tailed deer diel activity patterns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A Crawford ◽  
L Mike Conner ◽  
Gail Morris ◽  
Michael J Cherry
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Intraspecific Interactions ◽  
Temporal Partitioning ◽  
Diel Activity Patterns ◽  
Predator Exclusion ◽  
And Control

Abstract Prey species often mitigate predation risk through alteration of spatiotemporal diel activity patterns whereby prey access high-quality resources in risky areas during predator downtimes. However, dominance hierarchies exist in some prey species, and temporal partitioning is a mechanism thought to reduce aggressive intraspecific interactions. How demographic-specific responses to predation risk influence intraspecific temporal partitioning in prey are largely unknown and could be key to understanding the effects of predators on intraspecific interactions in prey. To assess the effects of predation risk on intraspecific interactions in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), we monitored deer diel activity during the fawning season in four pairs of predator exclusion and control plots (~40 ha) from 2015 to 2018 using 16 camera traps. We examined the effect of predation risk on diel activity of males, females, and nursery groups by comparing the within-group coefficient of activity overlap (d̂) across predator exclusion and control plots. We then examined within-treatment activity overlap between groups in the predator exclosure and control plots. All groups maintained different diel activity patterns in safe and risky areas. Unconstrained by predation risk, all groups behaved more similarly, and interspecific group overlap was greater in the predator exclusion plots than control plots. Male-nursery group overlap exhibited the strongest treatment effect, increasing 24% in predator exclusion plots (d̂ = 0.91, confidence interval [CI]: 0.87–0.95) relative to control plots (d̂ = 0.67, CI: 0.57–0.76). Our results suggest predators increase heterogeneity in prey behavior and may be important drivers of behavioral processes, such as temporal partitioning, that minimize antagonistic intraspecific interactions of prey.

Little spatial and temporal segregation between coexisting lionfishes (Pterois miles and Pterois radiata) in the Red Sea

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tal Gavriel ◽  
Jonathan Belmaker
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Temporal Partitioning ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Pterois Miles ◽  
Temporal Segregation ◽  
Coexistence Mechanisms ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Spatial and temporal niche partitioning are common strategies to reduce competition between closely related species. While spatial partitioning is widely studied, temporal partitioning, especially in marine environments, is much less documented. The lionfish Pterois miles is common in the Red Sea and have recently established populations within the Mediterranean Sea. However, to date, the sympatric and closely related Pterois radiata has yet to become established outside its native range. In this study, we focus on describing spatio-temporal patterns of activity in P. miles and P. radiata within their native range. This may help understand their coexistence mechanisms and whether the presence of one species can influence the probability of the other species to become established. We used visual surveys across day and night to assess activity patterns and the tendency of the species to co-occur. We found that while P. miles is a flexible crepuscular, P. radiata is strictly nocturnal. However, we detected only slight spatio-temporal segregation between the species. Hence, the coexistence of these two species may not be related to habitat or temporal partitioning. However, we do find a more generalist behavior of P. miles in terms of activity duration, which adds to its known broad diet and habitat use patterns, and may jointly explain its introduction success.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document