scholarly journals The effect of early and late pharmacological correction with GABA derivatives of psychoemotional state of offspring of rats with experimental preeclampsia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Elena A. Muzyko ◽  
Valentina N. Perfilova ◽  
Kirill V. Suvorin ◽  
Ivan N. Tyurenkov
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Porsolt Test ◽  
Gaba Derivatives ◽  
Psychoemotional State ◽  
Pharmacological Correction ◽  
Derivatives Of

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy, which increases the risk of anxiety disorders and depression in children at different stages of ontogenesis. Materials and methods: The psychoemotional state of 70-day-old offspring of rats with experimental preeclampsia (EP) was studied after pharmacological correction from the 40th to 70th day of offspring life with GABA derivatives – succicard (22 mg/kg), salifen (7.5 mg/kg), phenibut (25 mg/kg) and comparison drug pantogam (50 mg) – in the Open field test, the Elevated plus maze test, and the Marble burying test. The above mentioned tests, together with the Porsolt test, were performed at the age of 18 months. At the second step, the offspring received succicard (44 mg/kg), salifen (15 mg/kg), phenibut (50 mg/kg) and pantogam (100 mg) from the 24th to 25th month of life. After that, the animals were tested. Results and discussion: The EP progeny had an increased level of anxiety and depression, as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder. Early GABA derivatives exposure limited anxiety and depression in the animals aged 70 days and 18 months, with salifen limiting compulsive behavior. Late GABA derivatives “treatment” exerted anti-compulsive and antidepressant effects, with phenibut having a greater degree of anxiolytic activity. Succicard, salifen and phenibut were comparable or superior to pantogam in terms of effectiveness. Conclusion: EP has a negative effect on the psychoemotional state of offspring. Early and late pharmacological correction with derivatives of GABA, such as succicard, salifen and phenibut, reduced anxiety, manifestations of obsessive-compulsive disorder, and depression in offspring of the rats with EP pregnancy.

scholarly journals Four-year course of quality of life and obsessive–compulsive disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 989-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin C. P. Remmerswaal ◽  
Neeltje M. Batelaan ◽  
Adriaan W. Hoogendoorn ◽  
Nic J. A. van der Wee ◽  
Patricia van Oppen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Comorbid Anxiety

Abstract Objective Patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) have high disease burden. It is important to restore quality of life (QoL) in treatment, so that patients become able to live a fulfilling life. Little is known about the longitudinal course of QoL in patients with OCD, its association with remission from OCD, and about factors that contribute to an unfavourable course of QoL in remitting patients. Methods Study on the 4-year course of QoL of patients with chronic (n = 144), intermittent (n = 22), and remitting OCD (n = 73) using longitudinal data of the Netherlands Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Association (NOCDA; complete data: n = 239; imputed data n = 382). The EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D) utility score was used to assess QoL. In patients with remitting OCD, we examined patient characteristics that contributed to an unfavourable course of QoL, including sociodemographics, OCD characteristics, psychiatric comorbidity, and personality traits. Results Course of QoL was associated with course of OCD. QoL improved in those who remitted from OCD; however, even in these patients, QoL remained significantly below the population norms. The correlation between QoL and severity of OCD was only moderate: r = − 0.40 indicating that other factors besides OCD severity contribute to QoL. In remitters, more severe anxiety and depression symptoms were related to a lower QoL. Results were similar in complete and imputed data sets. Conclusions Remission from OCD is associated with improvement of QoL, but comorbid anxiety and depression symptoms hamper the improvement of QoL. QoL could be improved by reducing OCD symptoms in patients with OCD and by treating comorbid anxiety and depression symptoms in remitting patients.

The comorbidity of cluster C personality disorders in obsessive compulsive disorder as a marker of anxiety and depression severity

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S202-S203
Author(s):  
A. Pozza ◽  
S. Domenichetti ◽  
G.P. Mazzoni ◽  
D. Dèttore
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Tailored Treatment ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionComorbid Cluster C Personality Disorders (PDs) are the most prevalent PDs in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Investigating clinical correlates associated to OCD with Cluster C PDs may allow identifying tailored treatment strategies.ObjectivesThe current study examined whether OCD with comorbid cluster C PDs is associated to more severe OCD symptoms, anxiety and depression relative to OCD with comorbid cluster B PDs or OCD alone.MethodsTwo hundred thirty-nine patients with OCD were included (mean age = 35.64, SD = 11.08, 51% females). Seventeen percent had a comorbid Cluster C PD, 8% had a comorbid Cluster B PD, and 75% had OCD alone. The Structured Clinical Interview for Axis II Disorders, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II were administered.ResultsPatients with comorbid Cluster C PDs reported more severe depression and anxiety than those with comorbid Cluster B PDs (F = 10.48, P < 0.001) or with OCD alone (F = 9.10, P < 0.001). Patients with comorbid Cluster C PDs had more severe OCD symptoms than those with OCD alone but not than those with comorbid Cluster B PDs (F = 3.12, P < 0.05).ConclusionsOCD with Cluster C PDs could be a subtype with more severe anxiety and depression. These findings could be explained with the fact that Cluster C PDs are characterized by behaviours, which can be seen as maladaptive attempts to cope with anxiety and depression. Tailored treatment strategies for OCD with comorbid Cluster C PDs are discussed to target co-occurring anxiety and depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Anxiety and Depression

1987 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Julian Gojer ◽  
Sumant Khanna ◽  
S. M. Channabasavanna
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Rapid mental health screening in conflict zones: a translation and cross-cultural adaptation into Arabic of the shortened Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS-25)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon D. Perkins ◽  
Julieta Alós
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Mental Health Screening ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Abstract Background During conflict, children and adolescents are at increased risk of mental health problems and in particular, anxiety and depression. However, mental health screening in conflict settings is problematic and carries risk making the need for fast, easy-to-administer, screening instruments paramount. The shortened version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS-25) is one method of rapidly assessing anxiety and depressive symptoms in youths. This self-report questionnaire demonstrates good internal consistency and diagnostic capacity in clinical and non-clinical populations. Nevertheless, few studies have tested the psychometric properties of translated versions of the RCADS-25 limiting its applicability worldwide. Objectives To expand the reach and utility of the RCADS-25, the present study sought to develop an Arabic version of the instrument (RCADS25-Arabic) and to explore its reliability and underlying factor structure. In light of changes to DSM classification, the effects of removing indicator variables for obsessive-compulsive disorder on the psychometrics of the RCADS25-Arabic were also explored. Method The scale was back translated into Modern Standard Arabic and administered to 250 Arabic speaking schoolchildren between 8 and 15 years of age in Syria. Mean and standard deviation were used to characterise the sample and summarize scores. The reliability and factor structure of the RCADS25-Arabic was explored using confirmatory factor analysis. Results Females were 127 and mean age was 12.11 ± SD 2.35. Males scored lower on anxiety (M 15.05 SD ± 8.0, t(248) = − 3.15, p = .003, d = 0.39) and internalizing factors (M 26.1 SD ± 13.1, t(248) = − 2.36, p = .0160, d = 0.31) with no statistical gender difference recorded for depression (t(248) = − 1.27, p = .202). Fit statistics were good for two- and one-factor solutions (χ2/df = 1.65, RMSEA 0.051, CFI .91, TLI .90 and χ2/df = 1.64 and RMSEA 0.051, CFI .91 and TLI .89 respectively). DIFFTEST showed no significant difference between models (χ2diff (1) = 0.03, p < 0.86) indicating a one-factor (internalizing) solution was preferable. No improvement in scale integrity was found after deleting obsessive-compulsive disorder items. Conclusion The RCADS25-Arabic is useful for rapid screening of depression and anxiety but is better used to identify a one-factor internalizing construct. Obsessive-compulsive disorder items should be retained in the RCADS-25.

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