scholarly journals Pathogenetic features of acute naphazoline poisoning in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Karpushkina ◽  
Olga A. Zhdanova ◽  
Galina A. Batishcheva ◽  
Yulia A. Petukhova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Imidazoline Receptors ◽  
Adrenergic Agonist ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Agonist Action ◽  
Nasal Decongestants ◽  
Poisoning In Children ◽  
Severe Degree ◽  
Selection Of

Introduction: Acute poisoning by nasal decongestants is an important issue in pediatrics due to physiological and anatomical characteristics of the child’s body and pharmacokinetics of drugs in early childhood. Epidemiology: The number of poisonings by this group of drugs ranged from 4% to 39% during the period from 2000 to 2018. All the studies reported that the most severe degree of intoxication was observed in children aged 1–3 years. Mechanism of action of nasal decongestants: The peculiarity of selective alpha2-adrenergic agonists is that when taken orally, misused or overdosed, they lose their selectivity for the target receptor. As a result, the drug causes acute poisoning and most often this effect occurs in children and adolescents. Clinical features and diagnostic criteria: Clinical signs of acute poisoning can appear both as a result of an overdose of the nasal decongestants and due to a therapeutic use of the drug according to the instruction. The symptoms are manifested by hypothermia, skin pallor, bradycardia, arterial hypotension, profuse sweating, and acrocyanosis. Imidazoline receptors and new opportunities: It is assumed that toxic effect of topical decongestants occurs not only by activation of alpha2-adrenergic receptors, but also through their influence on the selective imidazoline receptors. Based on the structure of these drugs, it is assumed that imidazoline receptors are the primary binding site for these drugs. Conclusion: Understanding the described mechanisms of alpha2-adrenergic agonist action and peculiarities of the child’s symptoms in acute poisoning is necessary for the timely diagnosis and selection of the correct treatment strategy.

Acute poisoning in children

1999 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 244-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Schvartsman ◽  
Samuel Schvartsman
Keyword(s):  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Poisoning In Children

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Acute Poisoning in Children at a Teaching Hospital in Lalitpur

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajaya Kumar Dhakal ◽  
D Shrestha ◽  
A Shakya ◽  
SC Shah ◽  
H Shakya
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Poisoning In Children

Introduction: Acute poisonings are one of the common cause of emergency visits and hospital admissions and is potentially preventable cause of childhood mortality and morbidity. The objectives of this study were to identify the common type of poisoning in children, to determine types of poisoning according to age and to find out the common age group in which the incidence of poisoning was high.Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive observational study done in a teaching hospital in Lalitpur, Nepal in patients aged 1 month to 18 years who visited the emergency department and were admitted to hospital with history of alleged poisoning from 2009 July to 2014 January.Results: Fifty patients were included. Drugs, kerosene and organophosphorus were most common cause of poisoning. Drugs and kerosene below 10 years of age and organophosphorus and drugs above 10 years of age were common types of poisoning. Maximum numbers (50%) of children with poisoning cases were below five year of age. Mean duration of hospital stay was 2.1days and mean age of poisoning was 7.8 years with a male(54%) predominance. Majority of poisoning occurred at home (84%) and 68% of patients were symptomatic at presentation to hospital with 84% of patients presenting to hospital within six hours.Conclusion: This study showed that drugs, kerosene and organophosphorus were most common forms of poisoning. Young children were most vulnerable for acute poisoning.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i2.10139J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(2):100-103 

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Study of acute poisoning in children aged under 12 years referred to Imam Reza hospital, 2010-2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Haresabadi ◽  
M Sedaghat ◽  
MA Vejdani ◽  
SH Ahrari ◽  
N Toghian CHaharsougi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Poisoning In Children

Identification of Associations between Clinical Signs and Hosts to Monitor the Web for Detection of Animal Disease Outbreaks

2016 ◽  
pp. 565-586
Author(s):  
Elena Arsevska ◽  
Mathieu Roche ◽  
Pascal Hendrikx ◽  
David Chavernac ◽  
Sylvain Falala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Web Mining ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Expert Elicitation ◽  
Comprehensive Method ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Animal Pathogens ◽  
The Web ◽  
Selection Of

In a context of intensification of international trade and travels, the transboundary spread of emerging human or animal pathogens represents a growing concern. One of the missions of the national veterinary services is to implement international epidemiological intelligence for a timely and accurate detection of emerging animal infectious diseases (EAID) worldwide, and take early actions to prevent their introduction on the national territory. For this purpose, an efficient use of the information published on the web is essential. The authors present a comprehensive method for identification of relevant associations between terms describing clinical signs and hosts to build queries to monitor the web for early detection of EAID. Using text and web mining approaches, they present statistical measures for automatic selection of relevant associations between terms. In addition, expert elicitation is used to highlight the most relevant terms and associations among those automatically selected. The authors assessed the performance of the combination of the automatic approach and expert elicitation to monitor the web for a list of selected animal pathogens.

scholarly journals Acute poisoning in children from Jatropha curcas seeds

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Moshobane ◽  
C Wium ◽  
L V Mokgola
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Poisoning In Children

scholarly journals Frequency and Management of Acute Poisoning Among Children Attending an Emergency Department in Saudi Arabia

Pharmacy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Mansour Tobaiqy ◽  
Bandar A. Asiri ◽  
Ahmed H. Sholan ◽  
Yahya A. Alzahrani ◽  
Ayed A. Alkatheeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Jeddah City ◽  
Policy And Strategy ◽  
Poisoning In Children

Background: Acute poisoning is one of the common medical emergencies in children that leads to morbidity and mortality. Medications and chemical agents play a major role in these adverse events resulting in social, economic, and health consequences. Aims of the study: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and management of acute poisoning among children attending the emergency room at East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This study was a retrospective chart review of all acute pediatric poisoning incidences in children (0–16 years of age) from October-21-2016 to March-03-2020 who were attending the emergency department. Data were analyzed via SPSS software. Results: A total of 69 incidences of acute poisoning in children who attended the emergency department at East Jeddah Hospital; males (n = 38, 55.1%). Most children were aged 5 years or younger (n = 41, 59.4%). Unintentional poisoning occurred among 56.5% of observed cases of which 52.2% occurred in children younger than 5 years; 7.20% (n = 5) of patients were 12 to 16 years of age and had deliberate self-poisoning. The association between type of poisoning and age groups was statistically significant (chi-square = 28.5057, p = 0.0001). Most incidences occurred at home (n = 64, 92.8%). Medicines were the most common cause of poisoning (n = 53, 76.8%). An excessive dose of prescribed medicine poisoning accidents was reported in 10.1% cases. Analgesics such as paracetamol were the most documented medication associated with poisoning (39.1%) followed by anticonvulsants and other central nervous system acting medicines (18.8%). The most common route of poisoning was oral ingestion (81.2%). One mortality case was documented. Conclusion: Although not common, accidental and deliberate acute poisoning in children does occur. More can be done to educate parents on safe storage of medicines, household cleaning and other products associated with acute poisoning in children. Likewise, children can be taught more about the risks of poisoning from an early age. As importantly, clinicians need to include more detailed notes in the electronic medical records (EMR) or the system needs to be improved to encourage completeness to more accurately inform the research evidence-base for future service design, health policy and strategy.

Plasma cholinesterase: double-edged parameter in the diagnosis of acute organophosphorus poisoning

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
D R Mahadeshwara Prasad ◽  
Hareesh S Gouda ◽  
Vinay R Hallikeri
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Marker ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticide ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Plasma Cholinesterase ◽  
Pesticide Poisoning ◽  
Organophosphorus Poisoning ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

Biochemical markers are one of the mainstays in the diagnosis of ill health. Plasma cholinesterase is one such marker of the ill health caused by acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. Organophosphorus pesticides are powerful inhibitors of plasma cholinesterase; consequently, the reduced level of this biochemical marker has been used in the diagnosis of cases of acute poisoning. But how dependable is this biochemical marker in the diagnosis of suspected organophosphorus pesticide poisoning without adequate clinical signs and symptoms? In the case reported here, the low level of plasma cholinesterase which was suspected to be due to organophosphorus poisoning was found to be caused by pulmonary Koch's and hepatitis B with associated malnutrition.

scholarly journals Canine Babesiosis: Where Do We Stand?

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilić Petra ◽  
Kuleš Josipa ◽  
Barić Rafaj Renata ◽  
Mrljak Vladimir
Keyword(s):  
Species Recognition ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Canine Babesiosis ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Clinicopathological Findings ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by protozoal haemoparasites of different Babesia species. Babesiosis is one of the most important globally extended and quickly spreading tick-borne infections of dogs. This comprehensive review gives an in-depth overview of Babesia species currently identified in dogs together with relevant vector tick species and their geographical distribution, life cycle and transmission of parasite. The main mechanisms in the pathogenesis of babesiosis are described and elucidated by recent literature overview. As Babesia infection causes a disease with very variable clinical manifestations, special attention is given to clinical signs, laboratory features and clinicopathological findings. The diagnosis of canine babesiosis by microscopy, serological and molecular methods is reviewed, together with recent advances in mass spectrometry based assays. Accurate detection and species recognition are important for the selection of the appropriate therapy, monitoring and prediction of the outcome of the disease. Finally, guidelines for the treatment and prevention of canine babesiosis are given.

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