scholarly journals Morphological and genetic diversity in Callithrix hybrids in an anthropogenic area in southeastern Brazil (Primates: Cebidae: Callitrichinae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrielle M. Cezar ◽  
Leila M. Pessoa ◽  
Cibele R. Bonvicino
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Saguinus Mystax ◽  
Geographic Structure ◽  
Anthropogenic Area

Two species of Callithrix, C. jacchus (Linnaeus, 1758) and C. penicillata (É. Geoffroy, 1812), are considered invasive in Rio de Janeiro. This study determined the genetic and morphological diversity and verified the species involved in the hybridization of 10 individuals from the municipalities of Silva Jardim (N = 9) and Rio das Ostras (N = 1). We compared the external morphology and skull of C. jacchus (N = 15) and C. penicillata (N = 14) specimens deposited in the collection of the National Museum of Rio de Janeiro (MN- UFRJ). Phylogenetic (maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference) and phylogeographical analyses (network analysis) were performed based on cytochrome b sequences. These analyses included hybrids from the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro (N = 3), C. penicillata (N = 2), C. jacchus (N = 2), C. geoffroyi (N = 2), C. kuhlii (N = 2), C. aurita (N = 1), and as outgroups, Mico emiliae (N = 1) and Saguinus mystax (N = 1). The pelage and skull characters of most hybrids were more closely related to C. jacchus. Skull morphometric analysis revealed an intermediate state for the hybrids. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a high similarity between the hybrids and C. penicillata. Six haplotypes of hybrids were identified. Network analysis including them and C. penicillata recovered the topology generated by phylogenetic analysis. The results corroborate that C. jacchus and C. penicillata participate in the hybridization process. There was no geographic structure between hybrids from the coastal lowlands and from the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro.

scholarly journals GENETIC CONNECTIVITY OF MULLETS (Mugil liza) BETWEEN RODRIGO DE FREITAS LAGOON AND A CONSERVATION UNIT IN STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO, SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 757-762
Author(s):  
Anderson Vilasboa de Vasconcellos ◽  
◽  
Livia Bonetti Villela ◽  
Denise Borges dos Santos Dias ◽  
Karina Alessandra Morelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Genetic Connectivity ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Conservation Unit ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Allelic Frequencies ◽  
Natural Monument ◽  
Shared Alleles

We analyzed the genetic connectivity between mullets (Mugil liza) captured around the protected Natural Monument of Cagarras Islands (MoNa Cagarras) and inside Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon, using microsatellite markers polymorphisms. Our data revealed the occurrence of 31 shared alleles (from 41 sampled), a high similarity in both allelic frequencies and genetic diversity and lack of differentiation between collection points (FST = 0.000, p > 0.05, STRUCTURE best estimative K = 1), results which, analyzed together, are strongly indicative of panmixia. We conclude that individuals collected inside the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon are genetically similar to those individuals collected around MoNa Cagarras. Given the importance of estuaries for the reproduction and development of individuals of M. liza, it is recommended that the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon to be managed in order to maintain genetic connectivity and diversity between the two ecosystems.

Suitable environmental areas for commercial timber in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinna Lopes F. Gomes ◽  
Dayanne de Oliveira Prado ◽  
Tamires Partélli Correia ◽  
Gustavo Bastos Lyra ◽  
Emanuel José Gomes de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil

Genetic and morphological diversity of the cosmopolitan chaetognath Pseudosagitta maxima (Conant, 1896) in the Atlantic Ocean and its relationship with the congeneric species

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1875-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry N. Kulagin ◽  
Tatiana V. Neretina
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
True Diversity

Abstract Until recently many oceanic zooplankton species have been considered as cosmopolitan organisms. At present it became evident that some of them comprise many distinct molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) that often are regarded as cryptic species. As they can significantly change our perceptions of large-scale biogeographic patterns, it is important to characterize the true diversity within common and ecologically important groups. We have analysed the molecular and morphological diversity of the cosmopolitan mesopelagic chaetognath Pseudosagitta maxima throughout the Atlantic Ocean from 60° S to 85° N and its position within the genus Pseudosagitta. Three distinct mitochondrial clades within P. maxima were revealed with phylogenetic analyses (Maximum Likelihood, Bayesian Inference) and were geographically separated. The subsequent analyses of nuclear markers (H3, ITS1) have shown that P. maxima most likely comprises two distinct MOTUs, tropical and bipolar, that also have some morphological differences. The latter MOTU consists of two genetically slightly divergent populations: southern and northern. The morphological examination allowed the determination of a character (type of hook coloration) that accurately distinguishes juveniles of the P. maxima complex from the other congeneric species. Molecular data have shown that evolutionary P. lyra and P. gazellae are more closely related to each other than to P. maxima. Number of hooks, number of anterior and posterior teeth and the arrangement of ova in the ovary were proposed to be the most useful morphological characters to distinguish between tropical and bipolar MOTUs within the P. maxima complex. The first three characters should be determined for each maturity stage separately.

scholarly journals The snake community of Serra do Mendanha, in Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil: composition, abundance, richness and diversity in areas with different conservation degrees

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 795-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAL. Pontes ◽  
RC. Pontes ◽  
CFD. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Abundance Distribution ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Undisturbed Forest ◽  
Banana Plantations ◽  
Janeiro State

We studied and compared parameters of the snake community of the Serra do Mendanha, Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil (22º 48'-22º 51' S and 43º 31'-43º 28' W), such as: abundance distribution, richness, species diversity and biomass, between forested areas, areas under regeneration and agriculture areas (banana plantations); to obtain information about the natural history and facilitate the development of future research. For capturing the snakes we used: pitfall traps, drift-fences and visual search (diurnal and nocturnal) along four transects for each habitat. The captured snakes were measured with a tape and caliper, weighed with dynamometers and sexed with the use of a catheter. The animals marked (with ventral scales cut) were released for posterior recapture. One individual per species was fixed and deposited at the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. We undertook an effort of 840 man/hour, and captured a total of 207 snakes belonging to 25 species (Colubridae 80.2%, Elapidae 12.6%, Viperidae 6.3% and Boidae 0.9%). The most abundant were: Liophis miliaris (n = 33), Micrurus corallinus and Chironius fuscus (both with n = 26); the least abundant: Elapomorphus quinquelineatus, Siphlophis compressus and Tropidodryas serra (all with n = 1). The species that contributed the greatest biomass were Spilotes pullatus (7,925 g), Chironius laevicollis (4,694 g), Liophis miliaris (3,675 g) and Pseustes sulphureus (3,050 g); those that contributed the lowest biomass were: Siphlophis compressus, Tropidodryas serra (both with 4 g) and Elapomorphus quinquelineatus (3 g). We found significant differences between the sampled habitats at the Serra do Mendanha (undisturbed forest, secondary forest and banana plantations). The results showed that a great reduction in the abundance, richness, diversity and biomass of the snakes occurs when the native forest is replaced by banana plantations.

scholarly journals An albino armored catfish Schizolecis guntheri (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from an Atlantic Forest coastal basin

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo F. G. de Brito ◽  
Érica P. Caramaschi
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Janeiro State ◽  
Coastal Basin

We report here on an albino specimen of Schizolecis guntheri caught in the rio Bonito in the rio Macaé basin, Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil. The hypothesis that albinism is more common in fishes with cryptobiotic and/or nocturnal habits is strengthened by additional records of this chromatic anomaly.

scholarly journals Sea-level fluctuations and coastal evolution in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 671-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOÃO WAGNER A. CASTRO ◽  
KENITIRO SUGUIO ◽  
JOSÉ C.S. SEOANE ◽  
ALINE M. DA CUNHA ◽  
FABIO F. DIAS
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Evolution ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
First Time

The present paper aims to investigate the relative sea-level and the coastal evolution during the Holocene in the Rio de Janeiro coastline, based on geological and biological indicators. Using topographic survey, excavation and coring, and 14C dating of these coastal deposits and beachrocks outcrops, we have reconstructed a sea-level curve for the Holocene. For the first time on the Brazilian coast it was identified a negative record of relative sea-level during Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene transition. After the transition, a relatively rapid increase of sea-level began. At approximately at 8500 cal yr BP, the sea-level was 0.5 m below the current level, was overtaken for the first time in the Holocene, at approximately 7500 cal yr BP. The maximum level of +2.5 m was reached between 4770 and 4490 cal yr BP. At the point of maximum transgression, the sea-level began a general behavior of lowering until the present. These results confirm other data already obtained elsewhere along the Atlantic coast of South America. The results of this study are consistent with previous researches and they help to refine the Holocene sea-level record along the Brazilian coast.

scholarly journals Diet and helminths of Enyalius brasiliensis (Lacertilia, Iguania, Leiosauridae) in an Atlantic Rainforest remnant in southeastern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Dorigo ◽  
T Maia-Carneiro ◽  
M Almeida-Gomes ◽  
CC Siqueira ◽  
D Vrcibradic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The State ◽  
Atlantic Rainforest ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Helminth Parasites

Our study aimed to add information about the diet and endoparasites of Enyalius brasiliensis from an Atlantic Rainforest remnant in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. Regarding diet, E. brasiliensis consumed arthropods, with caterpillars and beetles being the most important preys. Regarding helminth parasites, overall prevalence was low (9.5%), with 238 nematodes of the genus Physaloptera found in the stomach of one specimen and one nematode of the genus Rhabdias inside the lung of another. Our results corroborate the observations of previous studies that indicate that lizards of the genus Enyalius tend to feed mainly on relatively large-bodied arthropods and to harbour depauperate endoparasite fauna.

scholarly journals Habitat partitioning, habits and convergence among coastal nektonic fish species from the São Sebastião Channel, southeastern Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Zaniolo Gibran
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Divergent Evolution ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Ecological Performance ◽  
Intimate Link

Based on a fish survey and preliminary underwater observations, 17 "morphotypes" were identified that characterize the morphological diversity found within 27 nektonic fish species sampled at São Sebastião Channel. Such "morphotypes" were studied using an ecomorphological approach, with the intention to investigate similarities and differences in shape and habits. Underwater field observations were also performed, to verify if the lifestyle of these species, such as vertical occupation of the water column and the habitat use, are in accordance with their distribution in the morphospace. The results, complemented with data from scientific literature on the taxonomy and phylogenies of these species, allowed discussing some of the typical cases of convergent and divergent evolution. Some of the ecomorphological clusters had no phylogenetic support although this is probably due to the environmental conditions in which theirs members have evolved. The body shape and fins positions of a fish clearly influence its ecological performance and habitat use, corroborating the ecomorphological hypothesis on the intimate link between phenotype and ecology.

scholarly journals Vertical segregation of two species of Hyphessobrycon(Characiformes: Characidae) in the Cabiúnas coastal lagoon, southeastern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio M. Q. Lima ◽  
André A. Cunha ◽  
Jorge I. Sánchez-Botero ◽  
Érica P. Caramaschi
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Coastal Lagoon ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Predation Pressure ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Vertical Segregation ◽  
Macrophyte Cover

Segregation in the use of the water column by two congeneric species of Characidae, Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus and H. luetkenii, was investigated through underwater observations in the Cabiúnas coastal lagoon in northeastern Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The use of the water column by the two species differed significantly. Hyphessobrycon luetkenii occupied mainly the uppermost stratum, with 79% of the observations within 20 cm of the surface; whereas H. bifasciatus was more common between 20 cm and 40 cm below the surface (55% of the observations). Predation pressure, macrophyte cover and nutrient distribution may influence this vertical segregation.

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