Cyclodextrins as selectors for mycotoxin recognition

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Galaverna ◽  
C. Dall'Asta ◽  
R. Corradini ◽  
A. Dossena ◽  
R. Marchelli
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Inclusion Complex Formation ◽  
Guest Molecules ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This review deals with the applications of cyclodextrins as selectors for mycotoxin recognition. Complexation by cyclodextrins via formation of inclusion (host-guest) complexes induces significant changes in the physical and chemical properties of mycotoxins as guest molecules, effects that can be used in a variety of analytical techniques. Changes in chromatographic and electrophoretic properties and their applications to set up new separation methods are covered. Among these changes, a significant effect is the enhancement of the mycotoxin fluorescence upon inclusion, a phenomenon which provides a simple and convenient method to significantly increase the sensitivity of fluorescence-based trace analysis. The practical application of this phenomenon to set up new analytical methods is described. Studies on the mechanism of inclusion complex formation are also reported.

The nature of the sulphur-oxygen bond

1950 ◽  
Vol 200 (1062) ◽  
pp. 409-428 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Orbital ◽  
Electronic Structures ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Orbital Method ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Oxygen Bond ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The electronic structures of certain molecules containing oxy-sulphur bonds are analyzed insome detail by means of the molecular orbital method. I t is possible to make rough calculations which, despite the complexity of the system s considered, are nevertheless reasonably reliable. The physical and chemical properties of sulphur dioxide, sulphur trioxide and molecules of the types R 2 SO 2 and R 2 SO are discussed on the basis of these structures. In all these molecules it appears that the oxy-sulphur linkages are best described as double-bonded. A successful correlation between the molecular orbital criterion of bond strengths, namely, the bond orders, and the oxy-sulphur bond force constants may be set up. The measure of agreement attained between observed and predicted properties is quite satisfactory.

scholarly journals Physical and Chemical Properties of Volcanic Ejecta Produced by the Eruption of Mt. Kirishima Shinmoe-dake, Japan -A Case Study After the Explosive Eruption on March 25, 2018-

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Akita
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Explosive Eruption ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Volcanic Ejecta ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Cylindrical Frame ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract The purpose of this study was to clarify the physical and chemical properties of volcanic ejecta that fell after the explosive eruption on March 25, 2018 at Shinmoe-dake. In order to investigate the infiltration capacity, which is one of the physical properties of volcanic ejecta, plots were set up on the outer forest plain, the forest plain, and the forest talus, and a cylindrical frame test was conducted with reference to the method of Takeshita (2011). In addition, soil samples were collected at the three locations where the cylindrical frame test was conducted. The final infiltration capacity of 38-92 mm / h appeared lower in the forest talus than in the forest plain. It is considered that this is due to the small particle size distribution of 0.1 mm or more, regardless of the particle size of the silt / clay particle size classification. When the chemical properties of the collected volcanic ejecta were examined, Ca and SO4 were contained at high values. Since these compounds become the source of gypsum that reduces infiltration capacity when they react with water, it has become clear that they have the potential to contribute to the generation of debris-flow as a chemical property.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF EROSION PROCESS TO FERTILITY OFMOUNTAIN-CHERNOZEM SITUATING IN SOUTH-EAST SLOPE OF GREAT CAUCASIAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 389-394
Author(s):  
Soltanzade Gasim Ali oglu
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Sharp Change ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Village ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The complexity, sharp change in the relief condition, the tension of the anthropogenic factors in the Shamakhi region, where we have investigated, has intensified the erosion process. Because of the lack of agrotechnical measures on the slopes, the erosion process has been intensified, the soil is flooded with soil, the physical and chemical properties of the soil have deteriorated, the nutritional elements have declined, the vegetation has been degraded and reached the limit of destruction. For some reason, the object of research was Shamakhi two land cuts were set up to determine the degree of actual erosion of the soil in the village of Melam. which will result in preventive measures to prevent erosion intensities and to develop and implement appropriate preventive measures

Statistical criteria of stellar population types

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Population ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectrophotometric Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Population Type ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In connection with the spectrophotometric study of population-type characteristics of various kinds of stars, a statistical analysis of kinematical and distribution parameters of the same stars is performed at the Toruń Observatory. This has a twofold purpose: first, to provide a practical guide in selecting stars for observing programmes, second, to contribute to the understanding of relations existing between the physical and chemical properties of stars and their kinematics and distribution in the Galaxy.

Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Berta Ratilla ◽  
Loreme Cagande ◽  
Othello Capuno
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

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