Heavy Metals Assessment in Urban Air of National Capital Region of Delhi Using Spider Webs as Bioindicator

The quality of ground water in any region of the world entirely depends on different types of chemical constituents and their concentration levels in surrounding environment or dissolved in water. The main aim of this study was to assess some basic hydro-chemical parameters and heavy metals in ground water of National Capital Region (NCR), India. Thus, we have collected ground water samples from different sources viz., Najafargarh (NG), Bindapur (BP), Dwarka (BC and BG), Uttam Nagar (UN) and Sonipat (SP) in the NCR and analyzed electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, Arsenic (As), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni), Zinc (Zn), and Lead (Pb). The values of EC, TDS and salinity across the study sites range from 0.32 to 11.41 mS/cm, 233 to 8100 ppm and 154 to 6310 ppm respectively. Whereas, the mean level of heavy ion concentration in ground water was in the sequence of Zn > Ni > Cr > Pb > As > Cu > Cd across the study sites. It has been concluded that, except for Uttam Nagar, ground water from all study sites is contaminated with heavy metals like Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb and As. Therefore, the ground water from study sites that are polluted is unfit for drinking purpose and may pose health risks.

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Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils of National Capital Region, Delhi: Levels and Ecological Risk

Current World Environment ◽

10.12944/cwe.16.3.13 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 804-817

Author(s):

Jyoti Rani ◽

Tripti Agarwal ◽

Sudesh Chaudhary

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Ecological Risk ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Contamination Factor ◽

Soil Samples ◽

National Capital Region ◽

Capital Region ◽

National Capital ◽

Irrigated Soils

This study was conducted to assess heavy metals concentrations in agricultural soils in the National Capital Region, Delhi. A total of 84 soil samples were collected from selected agricultural areas located near industries, national highways, state highways, Yamuna floodplain, residential complexes, and wastewater irrigated soils. Heavy metal concentrations, pH, and organic carbon (%) were analyzed in the collected soil samples. The average value of pH, and organic carbon (%) in the soil samples were 7.79±0.49 and 0.53±0.17 percent respectively. Average concentrations of heavy metals (mg kg-1) in the agricultural soils were found in the order of Fe > Al > Mn > Zn > Ni > Cr > Cu > Pb > Co > Cd with value as 14916.92, 13538.87, 277.16, 74.53, 35.34, 33.68, 22.94, 18.45, 1.88, and 0.92 . The concentrations of Zn, Ni, and Mn reported in the present study were several times higher than their concentration in Indian natural background soils. A significant potential ecological risk has been noticed in nearly all the agricultural soil samples except for the samples collected nearby residential areas. The contamination factor has shown that most of the soil samples were moderately contaminated with Mn, Ni, Fe, and Cr and some soil samples were considerably to strongly contaminated with Zn, Pb, Cd, and Ni. Wastewater irrigated soils showed a moderate to a strong degree of accumulation of Zn, Cd, and Ni.

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Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Through the Consumption of Vegetables in the National Capital Region, India

10.21203/rs.3.rs-561551/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jyoti Rani ◽

Tripti Agarwal ◽

Sudesh Chaudhary

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Health Risk ◽

Winter Season ◽

World Health ◽

Common Source ◽

National Capital Region ◽

Capital Region ◽

Vegetable Samples ◽

National Capital

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the heavy metal contamination in the vegetables growing in the national capital region of India and to assess the health risk in human resulting from consumption of these vegetables. A total of 99 vegetable samples were collected from the selected study area during the winter season and were analyzed for heavy metals contamination by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The relative abundance of heavy metal in the vegetable samples was in the following order: Fe > Al > Mn > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cd > Co. The mean concentration of Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn, in the vegetables was 158.01 mg kg− 1dw − 1, 0.23 mg kg− 1 dw− 1, 0.04 mg kg− 1 dw− 1, 3.70 mg kg− 1 dw− 1 7.82 mg kg− 1 dw− 1, 297.87 mg kg− 1 dw− 1, 39.81 mg kg− 1 dw− 1, 1.78 mg kg− 1 dw− 1, 0.52 mg kg− 1 dw− 1, and 32.21 mg kg− 1 dw− 1 for respectively. The statistical analysis supported the formation of two primary clusters Al-Fe-Pb and Cu-Zn, indicating their common source of origin. Most of the vegetable samples exceeded the permissible limit of heavy metals prescribed by the Food and agricultural organization/ World health organization (FAO/WHO) standards. The total target hazard quotient was greater than 1 for all types of vegetables, indicating appreciable health risk due to the consumption of these vegetables in the study area.

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