scholarly journals Emergency logistics for disaster management under spatio-temporal demand correlation: The earthquakes case

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 2369-2387
Author(s):  
Rodrigo A. Garrido ◽  
◽  
Ivan Aguirre ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Emergency Logistics ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Demand Correlation

scholarly journals Effects of Disaster Management Programs on Individuals' Preparedness in Mount Merapi

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Otani ◽  
Djoko Legono ◽  
Suseno Darsono ◽  
Suharyanto Suharyanto
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Physical Vulnerability ◽  
Emergency Logistics ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Contingency Plans

Disaster management to mitigate or avoid impacts of hazards by reducing vulnerability has been conducted in Mount Merapi since 1969. Vulnerability introduced since 1980s has two main characteristics, such as physical vulnerability (i.e., impacts of hazards) and social vulnerability (i.e., composite characteristics including social, economic and environmental factors). As regulations in Indonesia, i.e. Law of Republic Indonesia No. 24 Year 2007, emphasizes the community involvement in disaster management, individuals or groups of individuals have significant roles in reducing social vulnerability. To promote the community involvement effectively in disaster management, this research hypothesized nine relationships between disaster management programs to assess effects of disaster management programs on the community involvement, such as individuals’ preparedness. Since disaster management programs are not measurable quantitatively, variance-based partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to test hypothesized causal relationships between the programs. As a result, all nine hypotheses were substantiated. The model revealed that individuals’ preparedness is significantly influenced by emergency logistics and financial aid through self-efficacy, and contingency plans affect reconstruction significantly and successively reconstruction affects rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Dimensions of the Use of Volunteered Geographic Information in Mass Crisis Events

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Xiannian Chen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Volunteered Geographic Information ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Web Gis ◽  
Kent State University ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Mass Evacuation

Recent studies have suggested that catastrophic events that trigger mass evacuation require surrounding communities to be well-prepared to act as ingress or pass-through areas for potential evacuees; however surrounding rural communities may have insufficient disaster-related logistical resources. In the response phase of disaster management, officials must be able to deploy resources to demand locations in types and quantities based on real-time requirements. Effective cross-jurisdictional disaster management needs real-time information, which is usually unavailable from official, authoritative sources. Conversely, VGI (volunteered geographic information) has the capability to provide real-time and local information in disaster management. This study investigates the possibility of utilizing real-time or near real-time VGI in mass evacuation scenarios. The study identifies a potential VGI data source, Tweets from Twitter and how to search for, discover and select relevant Tweets. The dissertation proposes research methods for harvesting, managing live Tweets and saving them to a distributed geodatabase for further spatio-temporal analysis and dissemination to users, such as responders and evacuees.;The study implements a Web GIS application, which includes a tweets discovery component, a geo-tagged tweets mapping component, and an online geo-tagged tweets operation component. The major research goals include designing an application programing interface (API) to harvest relevant Tweets and implement a distributed geodatabase system for storage, analysis, and display of the harvested Tweets so that vital information can be distributed in near real-time. Two case studies, based on Super Storm Sandy in 2012 and a shooting at Kent State University in 2014, were used to evaluate the pros and cons of Tweets from Twitter for response in emergency management and offered prototypes for the development of the final on-line Web GIS.

Spatio‐temporal behaviour after an earthquake: a case study of Kawaguchi town, Japan

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Gismondi ◽  
Otto Huisman
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Seismic Event ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Temporal Behaviour ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The City

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a method to examine the differences in behaviour during a post‐quake period.Design/methodology/approachFieldwork and questionnaires were used to collect the households’ members’ movement behaviours after the 2004 Chuetsu Earthquake. In total, three study areas were selected in Kawaguchi town (Niigata Prefecture) in order to enhance how the visualisation process can provide support in better understanding the behaviour during evacuation and recovery process. For this purpose the Space‐Time‐Cube (STC) was used to represent and analyse residents’ movement paths over time.FindingsDifferences appear in the spatio‐temporal paths of the three study areas, implying a connection between the geographical location and movement patterns. The city centre shows disorganized Spatio‐Temporal‐Patterns (STPs) during the first week of the recovery process, eventually becoming organized after the rescuers’ arrival. Moving towards the isolated areas of the town, a progressive STP organisation can be observed, explaining the faster response after the seismic event.Research limitations/implicationsSpatio‐temporal data are difficult and costly to collect, especially if a long period of time passes between the seismic event and the survey.Practical implicationsThe STC can be used as tool to enhance the disaster management techniques and provide support in crisis situations.Originality/valueThe paper provides a practical approach to investigate the reactions after a seismic event and can be used in larger study areas to develop better strategies in disaster management.

Military Involvement in Disaster Preparedness, Organisation, and Disaster Relief — Civilian Military Co-Operation (CIMIC)

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (S2) ◽  
pp. S25
Author(s):  
Rannveig Bremer Fjær ◽  
Knut Ole Sundnes
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Humanitarian Emergencies ◽  
Military Involvement ◽  
Military Forces

In frequent humanitarian emergencies during the last decades, military forces increasingly have been engaged through provision of equipment and humanitarian assistance, and through peace-support operations. The objective of this study was to evaluate how military resources could be used in disaster preparedness as well as in disaster management and relief.

E3 ubiquitin ligases

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 15-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen C. Ardley ◽  
Philip A. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Substrate Protein ◽  
Protein Ubiquitination ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Full Complement ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms

The selectivity of the ubiquitin–26 S proteasome system (UPS) for a particular substrate protein relies on the interaction between a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2, of which a cell contains relatively few) and a ubiquitin–protein ligase (E3, of which there are possibly hundreds). Post-translational modifications of the protein substrate, such as phosphorylation or hydroxylation, are often required prior to its selection. In this way, the precise spatio-temporal targeting and degradation of a given substrate can be achieved. The E3s are a large, diverse group of proteins, characterized by one of several defining motifs. These include a HECT (homologous to E6-associated protein C-terminus), RING (really interesting new gene) or U-box (a modified RING motif without the full complement of Zn2+-binding ligands) domain. Whereas HECT E3s have a direct role in catalysis during ubiquitination, RING and U-box E3s facilitate protein ubiquitination. These latter two E3 types act as adaptor-like molecules. They bring an E2 and a substrate into sufficiently close proximity to promote the substrate's ubiquitination. Although many RING-type E3s, such as MDM2 (murine double minute clone 2 oncoprotein) and c-Cbl, can apparently act alone, others are found as components of much larger multi-protein complexes, such as the anaphase-promoting complex. Taken together, these multifaceted properties and interactions enable E3s to provide a powerful, and specific, mechanism for protein clearance within all cells of eukaryotic organisms. The importance of E3s is highlighted by the number of normal cellular processes they regulate, and the number of diseases associated with their loss of function or inappropriate targeting.

Elucidating cyclic AMP signaling in subcellular domains with optogenetic tools and fluorescent biosensors

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1733-1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Klausen ◽  
Fabian Kaiser ◽  
Birthe Stüven ◽  
Jan N. Hansen ◽  
Dagmar Wachten
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenylyl Cyclases ◽  
Temporal Precision ◽  
Fluorescent Biosensors ◽  
Subcellular Domains ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Cyclic Amp Signaling

The second messenger 3′,5′-cyclic nucleoside adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) plays a key role in signal transduction across prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Cyclic AMP signaling is compartmentalized into microdomains to fulfil specific functions. To define the function of cAMP within these microdomains, signaling needs to be analyzed with spatio-temporal precision. To this end, optogenetic approaches and genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors are particularly well suited. Synthesis and hydrolysis of cAMP can be directly manipulated by photoactivated adenylyl cyclases (PACs) and light-regulated phosphodiesterases (PDEs), respectively. In addition, many biosensors have been designed to spatially and temporarily resolve cAMP dynamics in the cell. This review provides an overview about optogenetic tools and biosensors to shed light on the subcellular organization of cAMP signaling.

Spatio-temporal source analysis

1997 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
M Scherq
Keyword(s):  
Source Analysis ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Nonlinear Spatio-Temporal Dynamics and Chaos in Semiconductors

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckehard Schöll
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spatio Temporal
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