Long Oak Tree-Ring Chronologies from Central Russia and Their Potential for Dating

The 14C content in 1961–1967 and 1970–1983 tree rings of a spruce grown in Dailing, China (47°N, 129°E) was measured by liquid scintillation. As a result of USSR bomb tests at Novaya Zemlya (72°N, 53°E), Δ14C values rose dramatically from 250‰ in 1961 to a maximum 909‰ in 1964, and then gradually decreased to 238‰ in 1983. We compared Δ14C values in the rings of an oak tree grown at 43°N, 74°W and that of a pine grown at 49°N, 9°E, and atmospheric Δ14C values in both northern and southern hemispheres. We observe that: 1) annual tree rings grown in the same latitude zone have the same Δ14C values, reflecting rapid longitudinal mixing of the atmosphere; 2) atmospheric 14C concentrations reached a global equilibrium distribution at the end of 1968, and tree ring 14C content reflects atmospheric 14C concentration; 3) 1976–1982 rings of the Dailing spruce show excessive 14C, likely due to the effect of 1976 and 1980 Chinese bomb tests; 4) Δ14C decreases exponentially, halving every 17 yr.

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A New Annual 14C Dataset for Calibrating the Thera Eruption

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/rdc.2020.33 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 953-961 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ronny Friedrich ◽

Bernd Kromer ◽

Lukas Wacker ◽

Jesper Olsen ◽

Sabine Remmele ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

Tree Ring ◽

Tree Rings ◽

Annual Data ◽

Calibration Data ◽

Tree Ring Chronology ◽

Time Period ◽

Oak Tree ◽

Thera Eruption

ABSTRACTAnnually resolved tree-ring samples of the time period 1625–1510 BCE were analyzed from the German oak tree-ring chronology. Blocks of the same tree rings were previously used to generate IntCal calibration data. The new dataset shows an offset to the calibration data IntCal13 of 24 years and resembles annual data for the same time period derived from tree-ring records in other growth locations. A subset of samples of the period 1625–1585 BCE was additionally measured in three other laboratories (ETH, AAR, AA) for quality control.

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Wavelet analysis of low-frequency variability in oak tree-ring chronologies from east Central Europe

Open Geosciences ◽

10.1515/geo-2016-0044 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Asok K. Sen ◽

Zoltán Kern

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Wavelet Analysis ◽

Central Europe ◽

Tree Ring ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Wavelet Coherence ◽

Time Interval ◽

East Central Europe ◽

East Central ◽

Oak Tree

AbstractThis study investigates the low-frequency (interannual and longer period) variability in three hydroclimatic records from east Central Europe. Two of these records consist of climate proxies derived from oak-tree rings in Bakta forest, and Balaton Highlands in Hungary, for the time interval 1783-2003. The third record consists of homogenized instrumental precipitation data from Budapest, Hungary, from 1842 to 2003. Using wavelet analysis, the three time series are analyzed and compared with one another. It is found that all three time series exhibit strong interannual variability at the 2-4 years timescales, and these variations occur intermittently throughout the length of each record. Significant variability is also observed in all the records at decadal timescales, but these variations persist for only two to three cycles. Wavelet coherence among the various time series is used to explore their time-varying correlation. The results reveal significant coherence at the 2-4 years band. At these timescales, the climatic variations are correlated to the tree-ring signal over different time intervals with changing phase. Increased (decreased) contribution of large-scale stratiform precipitation offers a potential explanation for enhanced (faded) coherence at the interannual timescale. Strong coherence was also observed occasionally at decadal timescales, however these coherences did not appear uniformly. These results reinforce the earlier assertion that neither the strength nor the rank of the similarity of the local hydroclimate signals is stable throughout the past two centuries.

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Annual 14C Tree-Ring Data Around 400 AD: Mid- and High-Latitude Records

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/rdc.2019.34 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 61 (5) ◽

pp. 1305-1316 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ronny Friedrich ◽

Bernd Kromer ◽

Frank Sirocko ◽

Jan Esper ◽

Susanne Lindauer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cycle ◽

Tree Ring ◽

High Latitude ◽

Spatial Distance ◽

Pine Tree ◽

Solar Cyclicity ◽

Tree Ring Data ◽

Oak Tree ◽

Annual Resolution ◽

Periodic Changes

ABSTRACTTwo tree-ring series, one from a high-latitude pine tree (located in northern Scandinavia) and one from a mid-latitude oak tree (located in eastern Germany) were analyzed for radiocarbon (14C) at annual resolution. The new records cover the calendar date ranges 290–460 AD and 382–486 AD, respectively, overlapping by 79 yr. The series show similar trends as IntCal13. However, some significant deviations around 400 AD are present with lower Δ14C (higher 14C ages). An average offset between the two new series and IntCal13 of about 20 years in conventional 14C age is observed. A latitudinal 14C offset between the tree sites in central and northern Europe, as would be expected due to the relatively large spatial distance, is not recorded, however. Periodic changes in the 14C records are resolved that can be attributed to the “11-year” solar cycle (Schwabe cycle) with cycle length from 9 to 11 years. The magnitude of changes in Δ14C due to the solar cycle is between 1.5 and 3‰. Since solar cyclicity is only partially synchronous between the two new series, reasons for asynchronicity are explored.

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Informing Conservation: Towards 14C Wiggle-Matching of Short Tree-Ring Sequences from Medieval Buildings in England

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/rdc.2016.61 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 985-1007 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

A Bayliss ◽

P Marshall ◽

C Tyers ◽

C Bronk Ramsey ◽

G Cook ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Ring ◽

Historic Buildings ◽

Calibration Data ◽

Medieval Period ◽

Growth Rings ◽

Comparable Level ◽

Annual Growth Rings ◽

Short Tree ◽

Oak Tree ◽

Calendar Dates

AbstractThis study tested whether accurate dating by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon wiggle-matching of short tree-ring series (~30 annual rings) in the Medieval period could be achieved. Scientific dating plays a central role in the conservation of historic buildings in England. Precise dating helps assess the significance of particular buildings or elements of their fabric, thus allowing us to make informed decisions about their repair and protection. Consequently, considerable weight, both financial and legal, can be attached to the precision and accuracy of this dating. Dendrochronology is the method of choice, but in a proportion of cases this is unable to provide calendar dates. Hence, we would like to be able to use 14C wiggle-matching to provide a comparable level of precision and reliability, particularly on shorter tree-ring sequences (~30 annual growth rings) that up until now would not routinely be sampled. We present the results of AMS wiggle-matching five oak tree-ring sequences, spanning the period covered by the vast majority of surviving Medieval buildings in England (about AD 1180–1540) when currently we have only decadal and bidecadal calibration data.

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Confirming the existence of gaps and depletions in the Irish oak tree-ring record

Dendrochronologia ◽

10.1016/j.dendro.2010.09.003 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 85-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

D.M. Brown ◽

M.G.L. Baillie

Keyword(s):

Tree Ring ◽

Oak Tree

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Dendrochronology of the English Neolithic

Antiquity ◽

10.1017/s0003598x00077826 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 64 (243) ◽

pp. 210-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

J. Hillam ◽

C. M. Groves ◽

D. M. Brown ◽

M. G. L. Baillie ◽

J. M. Coles ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Ring ◽

Iron Age ◽

Tree Ring Chronology ◽

Historic Period ◽

East Anglia ◽

Oak Tree ◽

Site Chronology ◽

A Site ◽

Very High

In the period 1970–85, tree-ring research in Europe had resulted in the production of long oak chronologies for both Ireland and Germany going back over 7000 years (e.g. Brown et al. 1986; Leuschner & Delorme 1984). In England, there was a network of regional chronologies covering the historic period, and almost no chronological coverage for the prehistoric. For the archaeologist this meant that, provided a site from the historic period produced a replicated site chronology, the chances of dating by dendrochronology were very high. The chances of this happening for a prehistoric site were poor by comparison, although some sites were successfully dated, for example the Iron Age causeway from Fiskerton in Liricolnshire and the Hasholme log boat found in North Humberside (Hillam 1987).The period 1985–88 saw an intense effort to outline a prehistoric oak tree-ring chronology in England (Baillie & Brown 1988). This work centred on sub-fossil oaks from East Anglia and Lancashire and built on a previous chronology from Swan Carr, near Durham which spanned 1155–381 BC (Baillie et al. 1983). The approach to chronology-building was to produce wellreplicated chronology units which could be located precisely in time against the existing Irish (Pilcher et al. 1984) and North German (Leuschner & Delorme 1984) chronologies.

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