A New Annual 14C Dataset for Calibrating the Thera Eruption

Radiocarbon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 953-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronny Friedrich ◽  
Bernd Kromer ◽  
Lukas Wacker ◽  
Jesper Olsen ◽  
Sabine Remmele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Oak Tree ◽  
Thera Eruption

ABSTRACTAnnually resolved tree-ring samples of the time period 1625–1510 BCE were analyzed from the German oak tree-ring chronology. Blocks of the same tree rings were previously used to generate IntCal calibration data. The new dataset shows an offset to the calibration data IntCal13 of 24 years and resembles annual data for the same time period derived from tree-ring records in other growth locations. A subset of samples of the period 1625–1585 BCE was additionally measured in three other laboratories (ETH, AAR, AA) for quality control.

scholarly journals Bomb-Produced 14C in Tree Rings

Radiocarbon ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dai Kaimei ◽  
Qian Youneng ◽  
C. Y. Fan
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Liquid Scintillation ◽  
Equilibrium Distribution ◽  
Latitude Zone ◽  
Novaya Zemlya ◽  
Longitudinal Mixing ◽  
Oak Tree ◽  
Global Equilibrium ◽  
Northern And Southern Hemispheres

The 14C content in 1961–1967 and 1970–1983 tree rings of a spruce grown in Dailing, China (47°N, 129°E) was measured by liquid scintillation. As a result of USSR bomb tests at Novaya Zemlya (72°N, 53°E), Δ14C values rose dramatically from 250‰ in 1961 to a maximum 909‰ in 1964, and then gradually decreased to 238‰ in 1983. We compared Δ14C values in the rings of an oak tree grown at 43°N, 74°W and that of a pine grown at 49°N, 9°E, and atmospheric Δ14C values in both northern and southern hemispheres. We observe that: 1) annual tree rings grown in the same latitude zone have the same Δ14C values, reflecting rapid longitudinal mixing of the atmosphere; 2) atmospheric 14C concentrations reached a global equilibrium distribution at the end of 1968, and tree ring 14C content reflects atmospheric 14C concentration; 3) 1976–1982 rings of the Dailing spruce show excessive 14C, likely due to the effect of 1976 and 1980 Chinese bomb tests; 4) Δ14C decreases exponentially, halving every 17 yr.

scholarly journals A 241-Year Cryptomeria fortune Tree-Ring Chronology in Humid Subtropical China and Its Linkages with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Zhipeng Dong ◽  
Dai Chen ◽  
Jianhua Du ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Maowei Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Pacific Decadal Oscillation ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
Asian Summer

Humid subtropical China is an “oasis” relative to other dry subtropics of the world due to the prevailing of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM). Although many long climate sensitive tree-rings have been published to understand the historical climate change over various regions in China, long tree-ring chronologies in humid subtropical China are rare due to the difficulty to find old growth trees. This study established a tree-ring chronology spanning from 1776 to 2016 from Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibrenk ex Otto et Dietr in Liancheng area of humid subtropical China, which is also currently the longest chronology in Fujian province. Similar to the climate-growth relationships in neighboring regions, our tree-ring chronology is limited by cold temperature in winter and spring and drought in summer. In addition, a drought stress before the growing season also played a role in limiting the growth of our tree rings. Our climate sensitive tree rings showed different correlations with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) in different periods, possibly via modulation of the EASM.

scholarly journals Millennial minimum temperature variations in the Qilian Mountains, China: evidence from tree rings

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1763-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhang ◽  
X. M. Shao ◽  
Z.-Y. Yin ◽  
Y. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Qilian Mountains ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Northeastern Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Reconstructed Temperature ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. A 1343-year tree-ring chronology was developed from Qilian junipers in the central Qilian Mountains of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau (TP), China. The climatic implications of this chronology were investigated using simple correlation, partial correlation and response function analyses. The chronology was significantly positively correlated with temperature variables prior to and during the growing season, especially with monthly minimum temperature. Minimum temperature anomalies from January to August since AD 670 were then reconstructed based on the tree-ring chronology. The reconstruction explained 58% of the variance in the instrumental temperature records during the calibration period (1960–2012) and captured the variation patterns in minimum temperature at the annual to centennial timescales over the past millennium. The most recent 50 years were the warmest period, while 1690–1880 was the coldest period since AD 670. Comparisons with other temperature series from neighbouring regions and for the Northern Hemisphere as a whole supported the validity of our reconstruction and suggested that it provided a good regional representation of temperature change in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. The results of wavelet analysis showed the occurrence of significant quasi-periodic patterns at a number of recurring periods (2–4, 40–50, and 90–170 years), which were consistent with those associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and solar activity. The comparison between the reconstructed temperature and the index of tropical volcanic radiative forcing indicated that some cold events recorded by tree rings may be due to the impact of tropical volcanic eruptions.

scholarly journals Informing Conservation: Towards 14C Wiggle-Matching of Short Tree-Ring Sequences from Medieval Buildings in England

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 985-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bayliss ◽  
P Marshall ◽  
C Tyers ◽  
C Bronk Ramsey ◽  
G Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Comparable Level ◽  
Annual Growth Rings ◽  
Short Tree ◽  
Oak Tree ◽  
Calendar Dates

AbstractThis study tested whether accurate dating by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon wiggle-matching of short tree-ring series (~30 annual rings) in the Medieval period could be achieved. Scientific dating plays a central role in the conservation of historic buildings in England. Precise dating helps assess the significance of particular buildings or elements of their fabric, thus allowing us to make informed decisions about their repair and protection. Consequently, considerable weight, both financial and legal, can be attached to the precision and accuracy of this dating. Dendrochronology is the method of choice, but in a proportion of cases this is unable to provide calendar dates. Hence, we would like to be able to use 14C wiggle-matching to provide a comparable level of precision and reliability, particularly on shorter tree-ring sequences (~30 annual growth rings) that up until now would not routinely be sampled. We present the results of AMS wiggle-matching five oak tree-ring sequences, spanning the period covered by the vast majority of surviving Medieval buildings in England (about AD 1180–1540) when currently we have only decadal and bidecadal calibration data.

scholarly journals Improved Precision 14C Measurements and Natural 14C Variations Around 10,000 Cal BP

Radiocarbon ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 833-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Goslar ◽  
Mieczysław F Pazdur
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Calibration Data

Thirty-one samples of 5 tree rings from a single oak trunk with 300 tree rings were measured with improved precision to study natural 14C variations in the period from ca 9750 – 10,050 cal bp. Negative correlation was found between Δ 14C values and tree-ring indices. The pattern of 14C changes in the studied interval closely resembles the changes observed in several periodically spanned intervals within the limits of high-precision calibration data sets.

Dendrochronology of the English Neolithic

Antiquity ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (243) ◽  
pp. 210-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hillam ◽  
C. M. Groves ◽  
D. M. Brown ◽  
M. G. L. Baillie ◽  
J. M. Coles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Historic Period ◽  
East Anglia ◽  
Oak Tree ◽  
Site Chronology ◽  
A Site ◽  
Very High

In the period 1970–85, tree-ring research in Europe had resulted in the production of long oak chronologies for both Ireland and Germany going back over 7000 years (e.g. Brown et al. 1986; Leuschner & Delorme 1984). In England, there was a network of regional chronologies covering the historic period, and almost no chronological coverage for the prehistoric. For the archaeologist this meant that, provided a site from the historic period produced a replicated site chronology, the chances of dating by dendrochronology were very high. The chances of this happening for a prehistoric site were poor by comparison, although some sites were successfully dated, for example the Iron Age causeway from Fiskerton in Liricolnshire and the Hasholme log boat found in North Humberside (Hillam 1987).The period 1985–88 saw an intense effort to outline a prehistoric oak tree-ring chronology in England (Baillie & Brown 1988). This work centred on sub-fossil oaks from East Anglia and Lancashire and built on a previous chronology from Swan Carr, near Durham which spanned 1155–381 BC (Baillie et al. 1983). The approach to chronology-building was to produce wellreplicated chronology units which could be located precisely in time against the existing Irish (Pilcher et al. 1984) and North German (Leuschner & Delorme 1984) chronologies.

scholarly journals Tree Rings and the Chronology of Ancient Egypt

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (04) ◽  
pp. S85-S92
Author(s):  
Pearce Paul Creasman
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Potential Solution ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Egyptian History

A fundamental aspect of ancient Egyptian history remains unresolved: chronology. Egyptologists (and researchers in related fields that synchronize their studies with Egypt) currently rely on a variety of insufficiently precise methodologies (king lists, radiocarbon dating, etc.) from which to derive seemingly “absolute” dates. The need for genuine precision has been recognized for a century, as has the potential solution: dendrochronology. This manuscript presents a case for further progress toward the construction of a tree-ring chronology for ancient Egypt.

A LONG SUB-FOSSIL OAK TREE-RING CHRONOLOGY FROM THE NORTH OF IRELAND

1977 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. PILCHER ◽  
J. HILLAM ◽  
M. G. L. BAILLIE ◽  
G. W. PEARSON
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
The North ◽  
Oak Tree

scholarly journals 14C Record and Wiggle-Match Placement for the Anatolian (Gordion Area) Juniper Tree-Ring Chronology ~1729 to 751 Cal BC, and Typical Aegean/Anatolian (Growing Season Related) Regional 14C Offset Assessment

Radiocarbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1571-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sturt W Manning ◽  
Bernd Kromer ◽  
Christopher Bronk Ramsey ◽  
Charlotte L Pearson ◽  
Sahra Talamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Multiple Measurements ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The East Mediterranean Radiocarbon (inter-)Comparison Project (EMRCP) has measured the 14C ages of a number of sets of tree rings from the Gordion Area dendrochronology from central Anatolia at the Heidelberg Radiocarbon Laboratory. In several cases, multiple measurements were made over a period from the 1980s to 2009. This paper presents the final data set from this work (128 high-precision measurements), and considers (i) the relationship of these data against the standard Northern Hemisphere 14C calibration data set (IntCal09), and (ii) the optimum calendar dating of this floating tree-ring record on the basis of the final set of high-precision 14C data. It finds good agreement between the Anatolian data and IntCal09 in some important intervals (e.g. ∼1729 to 1350 cal BC) and observes one period (9th–8th centuries BC) where there appears to be some indication of a regional/growing season signal, and another period (later 14th–13th centuries BC) where IntCal09 may not best reflect the real 14C record. The scale of the typical growing-season-related regional 14C offset (ΔR) between the Aegean/Anatolian region and IntCal09 is also assessed (for the mid-2nd millennium BC and mid-2nd millennium AD), and found to be usually minor (at times where there are no major additional forcing factors and/or issues with the IntCal09 data set): of the order of 2–4 ± 2–4 yr.

scholarly journals 14C Concentrations of Single-Year Tree Rings from About 22,000 Years Ago Obtained Using A Highly Accurate Measuring Method

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 949-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Gandou ◽  
Hirohisa Sakurai ◽  
Wataru Katoh ◽  
Yousuke Takahashi ◽  
Syuichi Gunji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Time Profile ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
Ring Sample ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Counting Statistics ◽  
Calendar Dates

We have measured the radiocarbon concentrations in single-yr tree rings of old wood by accelerated mass spectrometry (AMS) using a multicathode. The 14C concentrations of 10 single-yr tree rings were measured in 100 tree rings at intervals of 10. For each single-yr tree-ring sample, typically 80 measurements of the 14C concentrations were carried out using multicathodes. The sample standard deviations indicated that there are other fluctuations of typically 1.5%, in addition to the fluctuation of the Poisson counting statistics which is typically 3% for each measurement. The average 14C date of the tree rings was 22,130 ± 306 BP for all 624 data of single-yr tree-ring samples measured by the multicathodes. From the calibration data of Lake Suigetsu, the calendar dates of these 100 tree rings were located between 25,400 cal BP and 26,150 cal BP. The 14C dates changed between 21,979 BP and 22,272 BP, with an error of approximately 50 BP, corresponding to a precision of approximately 0.5%. There was a step with a change of approximately 144 BP for each 10 yr in the time profile.

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