scholarly journals Foxed intra- and interspecific differentiation in Leptogorgia (Octocorallia: Gorgoniidae). A description of a new species based on multiple sources of evidence

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mar Soler-Hurtado ◽  
César Megina ◽  
Annie Machordom ◽  
Pablo J. López-González
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Incomplete Lineage Sorting ◽  
Marine Invertebrate ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Ancestral Polymorphism ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Pattern Size ◽  
Correlated Characters ◽  
A New Species

The challenges of delimiting and identifying marine invertebrate species impede estimations of true biodiversity. This is particularly true in the case of gorgonian diversity, in which only classical morphological characters (e.g. branching pattern, size and colouration of the colony and sclerites, etc.), which can be homoplastic and continuous, have been used. In this study, using an integrative taxonomic approach, we analysed two morphs initially considered as two eco-typical variants of Leptogorgia alba Duchassaing and Michelotti, 1864, living sympatrically in the littoral area of Ecuador. We explored the use of classical morphological and morphometric characters to delimit species in combination with the analyses of molecular markers (mtMutS, CoxII-Igr-CoxI, ITSs, and 28S rRNA) to infer phylogenetic relationships. Based on our results, two species should be considered, L. alba and a new species, L. manabiensis n. sp., which showed distinguishing morphological features that cannot be attributed to phenotypic plasticity. Both species also showed significant differences in morphometric, non-correlated characters in all size classes. The phylogenetic analyses showed a polyphyletic L. alba - L. manabiensis n. sp. species complex, and ancestral polymorphism and incomplete lineage sorting as possible evolutionary processes leading to this pattern. In conclusion, the combination of morphological and morphometric evidences provides the best support for the identification and delimitation of these challenging species. In addition, molecular analyses, mainly supported by nuclear markers, allow fundamental aspects of the evolutionary history of these organisms to be discerned.

scholarly journals Taxonomical considerations and molecular phylogeny of the closely related genera Bitylenchus, Sauertylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus (Nematoda: Telotylenchinae), with one new and four known species from Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hosseinvand ◽  
A. Eskandari ◽  
S. Ganjkhanloo ◽  
R. Ghaderi ◽  
P. Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Tail Tip

Abstract During several nematological surveys in cultivated and natural habitats in Khuzestan and Zanjan provinces of Iran, a new species, Bitylenchus parvulus n. sp., two new records for Iran – namely, Tylenchorhynchus agri and Tylenchorhynchus graciliformis – and a population of Bitylenchus parvus and one of Sauertylenchus maximus were recovered and characterized based upon morphological and molecular approaches. The new species is characterized by lip region with five to seven annuli, stylet 17.7 (17.0–18.5) μm long, sub-cylindrical tail narrowing abruptly near terminus giving a bluntly digitate shape to the tail tip, cuticle near anterior part of vulva wrinkled and post-rectal sac occupies whole of tail cavity. The phylogenetic analyses were carried out using molecular data from D2–D3 expansion segments of large ribosomal subunit (28S rRNA) for all studied species and the partial small ribosomal subunit (18S rRNA) for the new species. The representatives of Bitylenchus and Sauertylenchus formed distinct clades from Tylenchorhynchus members, supporting the hypothesis in which Bitylenchus and Sauertylenchus could be considered as valid genera, but rejecting the ‘large-genus’ concept for Tylenchorhynchus. Also, Sauertylenchus ibericus was proposed as a junior synonym of S. maximus based on the results from morphological and phylogenetic analysis. Furthermore, an identification key for all known species included in the three genera Bitylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus and Sauertylenchus is presented herein. The number of transverse annuli on the lip region and presence/absence of post-rectal sac were considered as the main diagnostic characters for classifying the species into seven groups, and other morphological and morphometric characters were subsequently used for distinguishing species in each group.

Paratylenchus jasmineae sp. n. (Nematoda: Paratylenchinae) from rhizosphere of Jasminum sambac in India

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Phani ◽  
Vishal Singh Somvanshi ◽  
Uma Rao ◽  
Matiyar Rahaman Khan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Lateral Lines ◽  
Stylet Length ◽  
Jasminum Sambac ◽  
A New Species

Summary A new species of pin nematode, Paratylenchus jasmineae sp. n., was isolated and described from the rhizosphere of jasmine in India. The new species can be diagnosed by having a relatively larger body length of 248-355 μm, stylet length of 24.6-28.5 μm, lateral field with four lateral lines, the presence of small post-vulval uterine sac and absence of advulval flaps in the females. Additional morphological characters included continuous lip region with small projected submedian lobes, large and oblong-shaped spermatheca, the presence of prevulval swelling, and arcuate conoid tail with finely rounded terminus. Molecular characterisation of the species was carried out based on internal transcribed spacer sequence (ITS rRNA) and D2-D3 expansion segment of 28S rRNA subunit. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS and D2-D3 molecular markers resulted in clear separation of P. jasmineae sp. n. from other Paratylenchus species.

Description of Discocriconemella sinensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Criconematidae) from the rhizosphere of Camellia sinensis in China

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 779-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munawar Maria ◽  
Ruihang Cai ◽  
Sergei A. Subbotin ◽  
Jingwu Zheng
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Pharyngeal Bulb ◽  
En Face ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Partial 18S ◽  
Group 1

Summary Discocriconemella sinensis n. sp. isolated in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, from the rhizosphere of Camellia sinenis is described. The new species was characterised morphologically and molecularly. Important morphological details were elucidated by SEM photographs. The new species is characterised by an uninterrupted rounded cephalic disc, en face showing a rectangular labial plate with slit-like oral apertures, labial plate surrounded by slightly elevated projections resembling rudimentary lobes, R = 66 (64-69), Rex = 21 (17-24), stylet 74 (67-81) μm long, excretory pore located at the base of the pharyngeal bulb, vulva open, tail short and conoid with a lobed terminus. The species belongs to the group 1 lip pattern. Morphologically, it is most similar to D. discolabia, D. mauritiensis, D. mineira and D. perseae. This is the first new Discocriconemella species described from China. Phylogenetic analyses based on analysis of the D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA, partial 18S rRNA, and COI gene revealed that the new species formed a separate clade from other criconematid species, thereby supporting its status as a new species of the genus. The new species showed close relationships with Criconemoides informis.

Nothotylenchus persicus n. sp. (Nematoda: Anguinidae) from Kermanshah province, Iran

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrab Esmaeli ◽  
Ramin Heydari ◽  
Pablo Castillo ◽  
Juan E. Palomares-Rius
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Female Tail ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the genus Nothotylenchus, N. persicus n. sp. was collected around the roots of grapevine and is described and illustrated herein based on morphological and molecular studies. The new species is characterised by a body length of 776-900 μm, delicate stylet 5-6 μm long, six lines in the lateral field, post-vulval uterine sac short, 10-18 μm long, female tail elongate-conoid with pointed terminus, and bursa covering 40-45% of tail length. Morphologically, N. persicus n. sp. appears closer to four known species of the genus, namely: N. hexaglyphus, N. affinis, N. medians and N. taylori. The results of phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of D2-D3 expansion region of 28S rRNA gene confirmed the close molecular relationship between N. persicus n. sp. and other anguinids, but Nothotylenchus claded separately from Ditylenchus species.

Description of a new species of Auriculostoma (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) from Characidium heirmostigmata (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from Argentina, using morphological and molecular data

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Montes ◽  
J. Barneche ◽  
Y. Croci ◽  
D. Balcazar ◽  
A. Almirón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
The Family ◽  
Parasitological Survey ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Abstract During a parasitological survey of fishes at Iguazu National Park, Argentina, specimens belonging to the allocreadiid genus Auriculostoma were collected from the intestine of Characidium heirmostigmata. The erection of the new species is based on a unique combination of morphological traits as well as on phylogenetic analysis. Auriculostoma guacurarii n. sp. resembles four congeneric species – Auriculostoma diagonale, Auriculostoma platense, Auriculostoma tica and Auriculostoma totonacapanensis – in having smooth and oblique testes, but can be distinguished by a combination of several morphological features, hosts association and geographic distribution. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from both A. diagonale and A. platense by the egg size (bigger in the first and smaller in the last); from A. tica by a shorter body length, the genital pore position and the extension of the caeca; and from A. totonacapanensis by the size of the oral and ventral sucker and the post-testicular space. Additionally, one specimen of Auriculostoma cf. stenopteri from the characid Charax stenopterus (Characiformes) from La Plata River, Argentina, was sampled and the partial 28S rRNA gene was sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. guacurarii n. sp. clustered with A. tica and these two as sister taxa to A. cf. stenopteri. The new species described herein is the tenth species in the genus and the first one parasitizing a member of the family Crenuchidae.

Asian Betylobraconinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with description of a new genus and phylogenetic affinities of the tribe Facitorini

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Sáez ◽  
Kaoru Maeto ◽  
Alejandro Zaldivar-Riverón ◽  
Sergey Belokobylskij
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
One New Species ◽  
Rrna Sequences

AbstractThe taxonomy of the Asian genera of the subfamily Betylobraconinae, a small and understudied group within the hymenopteran family Braconidae, is revised. A new genus exclusively from the Asian region, Asiabregma gen. nov., containing three species (A. ryukyuensis sp. nov. (type species, Japan and Malaya), A. makiharai sp. nov. (Japan) and A. sulaensis (van Achterberg), comb. nov. (Indonesia)) is described. One new species of Aulosaphobracon, A. striatus sp. nov. from Vietnam, and one of Facitorus, F. amamioshimus sp. nov. from Japan, are also described. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses using COI mtDNA and 28S rRNA sequences, the three genera previously placed in the tribe Facitorini, Facitorus, Conobregma and Jannya, together with Asiabregma gen. nov., are transferred to the rogadine tribe Yeliconini.

Description of a New Species ofSternomoera(Crustacea: Amphipoda: Pontogeneiidae) from Japan, with an Analysis of the Phylogenetic Relationships Among the Japanese Species Based on the 28S rRNA Gene

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 475-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ko Tomikawa ◽  
Norio Kobayashi ◽  
Masaki Kyono ◽  
Shin-ichi Ishimaru ◽  
Mark J. Grygier
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Japanese Species ◽  
28S Rrna Gene ◽  
A New Species

Steinernema borjomiense n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Georgia

Nematology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 653-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Gorgadze ◽  
Elena Fanelli ◽  
Manana Lortkhipanidze ◽  
Alberto Troccoli ◽  
Medea Burjanadze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
A New Species

Summary A new species of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema borjomiense n. sp., was isolated from the body of the host insect, Oryctes nasicornis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), in Georgia, in the territory of Borjomi-Kharagauli. Morphological characters indicate that the new species is closely related to species of the feltiae-group. The infective juveniles are characterised by the following morphological characters: body length of 879 (777-989) μm, distance between the head and excretory pore = 72 (62-80) μm, pharynx length = 132 (122-142) μm, tail length = 70 (60-80) μm, ratio a = 26.3 (23.0-29.3), H% = 45 (40-51), D% = 54 (47-59), E% = 102 (95-115), and lateral fields consisting of seven ridges (eight incisures) at mid-body. Steinernema borjomiense n. sp. was molecularly characterised by sequencing three ribosomal regions (the ITS, the D2-D3 expansion domains and the 18S rRNA gene) and the mitochondrial COI gene. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that S. borjomiense n. sp. differs from all other known species of Steinernema and is a member of the monticolum-group.

Soil tardigrades from the Antarctic Peninsula with a description of a new species and some remarks on the genusRamajendas(Eutardigrada: Isohypsibiidae)

Polar Record ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kaczmarek ◽  
Karel Janko ◽  
Jerzy Smykla ◽  
Łukasz Michalczyk
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Antarctic Continent ◽  
Fourth Species ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Mixed Samples ◽  
Hypsibius Dujardini

ABSTRACTIn thirteen (mostly soil) mixed samples, collected from nine localities on the Antarctic continent and some of the neighbouring islands, 788 specimens and 32 eggs of tardigrades were found. In total, five species were identified:Acutuncus antarcticus, Echiniscus jenningsi,Diphascon(D.)victoriae,Hypsibius dujardiniandRamajendas dastychisp. nov.A. antarcticuswas the most abundant (nearly 90% of all specimens) and was the prevailing taxon found in the majority of locations.R. dastychisp. nov. is the fourth species described in the exclusively Antarctic/sub-Antarctic genus. The new species differs from all other congeners by the presence of four gibbosities on the caudo-dorsal cuticle (configuration II:2–2) and also by some morphometric characters. In this paper we also briefly discuss the taxonomy and zoogeography of the genusRamajendas.

A new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Ninh Thuan Province, southern Vietnam

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4999 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-76
Author(s):  
Quyen Hanh Do ◽  
TRUNG MY PHUNG ◽  
HANH THI NGO ◽  
MINH DUC LE ◽  
THOMAS ZIEGLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi Gene ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Dorsal Pattern ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the Cyrtodactylus irregularis group is described from Ninh Thuan Province, southern Vietnam based on molecular divergence and morphological differences. Cyrtodactylus orlovi sp. nov. is distinguished from the remaining Indochinese bent-toed geckos by having the unique combination of the following characters: size medium (SVL 61.0–77.7 mm); dorsal tubercles in 16–20 irregular rows; 36–39 ventral scale rows; precloacal pores absent in females, 5 or 6 in males, in a continuous row; femoral pores absent; 3–8 enlarged femoral scales; postcloacal spurs 1 or 2; lamellae under toe IV 16–19; a continuous neckband; a highly irregular transverse banded dorsal pattern; the absence of transversely enlarged median subcaudal scales. In phylogenetic analyses, the new species was revealed to be the sister taxon to a clade consisting of Cyrtodactylus cattienensis and the most recently described species from Vietnam, C. chungi, with 12.1–12.4% and 11.7 % pairwise genetic divergence from the two species, respectively, based on a fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene.  

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