scholarly journals Parents' Involvement in the Education of their Children with Autism: Related Research and its Results

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (14) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Irene Chaidi ◽  
Athanasios Drigas
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Parent Behavior ◽  
Parent Child Interactions ◽  
Parents Involvement ◽  
Socioemotional Skills

Parents' active participation in the diagnostic and therapeutic process of children with developmental disorders is considered by experts to be an important factor in the long-term struggle to educate people with autism. According to relevant bibliographical references, the benefits of parental education have been proven for decades. Researchers [1], [2] underline the positive outcomes of parent behavior training programs for children with developmental disabilities. Surveys conducted to date show that results show parents can implement the strategies they have recently learned and are generally very pleased with parent's education programs. However, findings related to children's communication and socioemotional skills, parent-child interactions were unclear [3].

Social Support, Education Levels, and Parents’ Involvement: A Comparison Between Mothers and Fathers of Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Sharabi ◽  
Dafna Marom-Golan
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Parents Involvement

Parental involvement plays a critical role in the development of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and can promote children’s developmental and educational outcomes. This study aimed to compare mothers and fathers of children with ASD’s social support and education levels in relation to their level of involvement. Participants included 107 parents (61 mothers, 46 fathers) of children with ASD aged 2 to 7 years. Three instruments measured parents’ involvement, formal and informal social support, and education levels. As hypothesized, mothers reported higher levels of involvement than fathers, which related to their informal support (non-formal relatives), while fathers reported receiving greater formal support than mothers. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed unique gender differences in the predictors of parental involvement. For example, parental education positively predicted involvement only among fathers. Practical implications for services and child–family interventions are discussed.

Lost Glory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit K. Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
State Sector ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Industrial Landscape ◽  
Intellectual Origins ◽  
Automobile Manufacturer ◽  
High Output

Lost Glory: India’s Capitalism Story describes India’s industrialization experiences. Questions about long-term industry and productivity evolution, and their impact on economic growth, lie at the heart of discourses of capitalism. The book is based on detailed empirical analyses of India’s industrialization over a period of almost seven decades, and a case study of Maruti Suzuki, India’s largest automobile manufacturer. The deeply nuanced depiction of the historical political economy that has affected India’s industrialization is a unique feature. This history will enlighten everyone interested in India. The presentation takes readers on a definitive evidence-based survey of India’s industrial landscape. It includes a detailed historical description of the intellectual origins of India’s modern industrialization, anchored in a privileged view of economic policymaking. Grounded in historical and political analyses, the facts derived on India’s long-term economic performance are used to set the record straight. It is unsparing in its assessments where the evidence warrants such conclusions. Its findings will transform debate, and set the agenda for thoughtfully assessing the future course of India’s prosperity. The author overturns the assumptions that India’s much-vaunted private sector firms only engender positive outcomes, finding State-sector firms to have become efficient, and the molecular sector to be as effective overall, while also challenging the notion that privatization is necessary for progress. Conversely, it is found that competition policy innovations to have had positive impact. Practical suggestions are provided and three fundamental reforms, one administrative, one structural, and one behavioral, necessary to regenerate high output, are advocated.

Guideline for the management of long tunnelled external ventricular drains in chronic hydrocephalus

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 416-421
Author(s):  
Phillip Correia Copley ◽  
John Emelifeonwu ◽  
Pasquale Gallo ◽  
Drahoslav Sokol ◽  
Jothy Kandasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Chronic Hydrocephalus ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Viable Treatment

This article reports on the journey of a child with an inoperable hypothalamic-origin pilocytic astrocytoma causing hydrocephalus, which was refractory to treatment with shunts, and required a new approach. With multidisciplinary support, excellent nursing care and parental education, the child's hydrocephalus was managed long term in the community with bilateral long-tunnelled external ventricular drains (LTEVDs). This article describes the patient's journey and highlights the treatment protocols that were created to achieve this feat. Despite the difficulties in initially setting up these protocols, they proved successful and thus the team managing the patient proposed that LTEVDs are a viable treatment option for children with hydrocephalus in the context of inoperable tumours to help maximise quality of life.

Helping Children with Special Needs: Who Receives Tympanostomy Tubes?

2021 ◽  
pp. 000348942098742
Author(s):  
David W. Wassef ◽  
Nehal Dhaduk ◽  
Savannah C. Roy ◽  
Gregory L. Barinsky ◽  
Evelyne Kalyoussef
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Hospital Charges ◽  
Tympanostomy Tube ◽  
Tube Insertion ◽  
Tympanostomy Tubes

Objectives: Tympanostomy tubes can prevent sequelae of otitis media that adversely affect long term hearing and language development in children. These negative outcomes compound the existing difficulties faced by children who are already diagnosed with developmental disorders. This study aims to characterize this subset of children with developmental disorders undergoing myringotomy and tympanostomy tube insertion. Methods: A retrospective review using the Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID) was conducted, with codes from International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision used to query data from the years 2003 to 2012 to determine a study group of children with a diagnosis of a developmental disorder undergoing myringotomy and tympanostomy insertion. This group was compared statistically to patients undergoing these procedures who did not have a diagnosed developmental disorder. Results: In total, 21 945 cases of patients with myringotomy with or without tympanostomy tube insertion were identified, of which 1200 (5.5%) had a diagnosis of a developmental disorder. Children with developmental disorders had a higher mean age (3.3 years vs 2.9 years, P = .002) and higher mean hospital charges ($43 704.77 vs $32 764.22, P = .003). This cohort also had higher proportions of black (17.6% vs 12.3%, P < .001) and Hispanic (23.9% vs 20.6%, P = .014) patients, and had lower rates of private insurance coverage (39.6% vs 49%, P < .001). Conclusion: The population of children with developmental disorders undergoing myringotomy or tympanostomy tube placement has a different demographic composition than the general population and faces distinct financial and insurance coverage burdens. Further study should be done to assess if these differences impact long term outcomes.

scholarly journals Exploring How Exposure to Truth and State-Sponsored Anti-Tobacco Media Campaigns Affect Smoking Disparities among Young Adults Using a National Longitudinal Dataset, 2002–2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7803
Author(s):  
David C. Colston ◽  
Yanmei Xie ◽  
James F. Thrasher ◽  
Sherry Emery ◽  
Megan E. Patrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Effect Modification ◽  
Daily Smoking ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Monitoring The Future

Background. Little is known regarding long-term impacts of anti-tobacco media campaigns on youth smoking and related disparities in the United States. Methods. We examined longitudinal cohort data from Monitoring the Future (MTF) between 2000 and 2017 in modified Poisson regression models to understand the long-term impacts of televised Truth and state-sponsored ad campaign exposure at baseline (age 18) on first cigarette and daily smoking initiation 1 to 2 years later (at modal ages 19/20). We also used additive interactions to test for potential effect modification between campaign exposure and smoking outcomes by sex, race/ethnicity, and parental educational attainment. Results. We found no evidence for baseline media campaign exposure to be associated with first cigarette or daily smoking initiation at modal age 19/20. Further, results showed no evidence for effect modification between campaign exposure and first cigarette or daily smoking initiation. Conclusions. We found no evidence that baseline Truth and state-sponsored ad exposure was associated with first cigarette or daily smoking initiation at follow up, nor did we find any evidence for effect modification by sex, race/ethnicity, or parental education. We hypothesize that anti-tobacco media campaigns might have had a short-term impact on smoking behaviors, though these effects were not sustained long term.

A long-term study of children with autism playing with a robotic pet

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothée François ◽  
Stuart Powell ◽  
Kerstin Dautenhahn
Keyword(s):  
Play Therapy ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study

This paper presents a novel methodological approach of how to design, conduct and analyse robot-assisted play. This approach is inspired by nondirective play therapy. The experimenter participates in the experiments, but the child remains the main leader for play. Besides, beyond inspiration from non-directive play therapy, this approach enables the experimenter to regulate the interaction under specific conditions in order to guide the child or ask her questions about reasoning or affect related to the robot. This approach has been tested in a long-term study with six children with autism in a school setting. An autonomous robot with zoomorphic, dog-like appearance was used in the studies. The children’s progress was analyzed according to three dimensions, namely, Play, Reasoning and Affect. Results from the case-study evaluations have shown the capability of the method to meet each child’s needs and abilities. Children who mainly played solitarily progressively experienced basic imitation games with the experimenter. Children who proactively played socially progressively experienced higher levels of play and constructed more reasoning related to the robot. They also expressed some interest in the robot, including, on occasion, affect. Keywords: Human–Robot Interaction, Robot-Mediated Therapy, Robot-Assisted Play, Non-Directive Play Therapy, Assistive Technology, Autism, Children

scholarly journals Support, Health, Activities, Resources, & Education (SHARE): New Program Innovations for Early-Stage Families

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 625-626
Author(s):  
Carol Whitlatch ◽  
Steven Zarit ◽  
Steven Zarit
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Home Monitoring ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Program Support ◽  
Care Partners ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Recent Diagnosis ◽  
Group Version

Abstract Persons living with a recent diagnosis of dementia experience great uncertainty and stress as they and their families try to adjust to the new reality of their lives and futures. One fruitful strategy for intervening with these families is to include both the person living with dementia and their family care partner in the program. Although dyadic approaches are rare among early-stage programs, promising examples exist. The SHARE Program (Support, Health, Activities, Resources, and Education) is one exception where dyadic materials address: 1) current and long- term needs of care partners, and 2) how the family can develop a realistic plan of care based on their care values and preferences. This symposium describes the development and positive outcomes of the original SHARE intervention and the promising adaptations that expand how and to whom the intervention is delivered. Presentations explore: 1) the original SHARE for Dementia program and strategies for expanding its reach into chronic conditions populations (Orsulic-Jeras & Whitlatch), 2) a group version translated into Spanish (“EPIC: Early-stage Partners in Care,” Dr. Coon), and 3) the development of a remote needs assessment and unobtrusive in-home monitoring technology platform that guides care planning and helps to maintain independence (“SHARE-sense,” Dr. Miller). Discussion will focus on the challenges, unique solutions, and positive outcomes when adapting SHARE to different settings and populations (Dr. Zarit).

scholarly journals Clinical Practice Recommendations for Improving Life Participation for People With Aphasia in Long-Term Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-396
Author(s):  
Jamie H. Azios ◽  
Jack S. Damico
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Clinical Tools ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Purpose The purpose of this clinical focus article is to present an overview of the Life Participation Approach to Aphasia as it relates to issues in long-term care (LTC) and provide practical recommendations for implementing the approach in this setting. The Framework for Living With Aphasia is used as a guide to (a) highlight specific challenges to life participation for residents with aphasia in LTC and (b) propose clinical tools that might help clinicians move through the therapeutic process when implementing the Life Participation Approach to Aphasia. Recommendations Clinicians in LTC facilities have the responsibility of delivering services that have a positive impact on communication, social relationships, emotional health, and quality of life. Clinical tools and approaches most appropriate for LTC settings are identified that help to address these goals. Approaches are discussed across several stages representing the therapeutic process, which is ultimately aimed at moving a resident toward recovery and increased independence. Case demonstrations are provided to illustrate approaches.

Experience in the use of transcranial micro polarization in children with autism spectrum disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Ludmila M. Kuzenkova ◽  
Anna V. Lashkova ◽  
Olga M. Konova ◽  
Tatyana G. Petelguzova
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Autistic Disorders ◽  
Positive Effect

Introduction. Autism is a disorder characterized by social interaction disorders, social-emotional reciprocity, responses to other people’s emotions, social use of speech skills, lack of modulations of behavior under the social situation, and limited interest stereotypes. The comprehensive approach using medical and psychological correction with physical methods of influence provides the best result in treating and rehabilitating children with autism. The original study examined the effects of transcranial micro polarization (TCMP) on the dynamics of autistic disorders. TCMP is a modern treatment method consisting of a directed polarizing impact of a low-power DC on specific brain areas. Materials and methods. There were observed 25 children aged from 2 years five months to 6 years with varying degrees of severity of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). For the study, three groups were identified according to the corresponding clinical diagnoses: Childhood autism, Atypical autism, and Other general developmental disorders. The vast majority of children from the first two groups had an intellectual disability of varying severity. The TCMP method was used to assess the technique’s effectiveness, the CARS diagnostic scale and the ATEK test. Results. At the end of the course, with the use of TCMP in all the analyzed groups, there was a shift towards a milder degree of autistic disorders. The most significant positive effect was recorded in children with mild forms of autism in the group of other general developmental disorders due to the initially higher level of development in this group. Conclusion. The results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of TCMP in ASD children. According to the results of the study, the positive effect of this method was revealed in the form of reducing the severity of autistic disorders.

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