Nano World

2014 ◽  
pp. 218-247
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Venture Capitalists ◽  
Atoms And Molecules ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Molecular Scale

This part of the book provides information and projects for the readers about the omnipresence of nanoscale objects – soft matter, colloids, liquid crystals, carbon nanotubes, nanoshells, and the developments in nanoscale and molecular-scale technologies involving these small structures. Nanotechnology concerns structures measuring between 1 and 100 nanometers and allows manipulating individual atoms and molecules. Since Norio Taniguchi of Tokyo Science University first used the term nanotechnology in 1974, the governments, corporations, and venture capitalists invest every year billions of dollars in nanotechnology and more than a half of advanced technologies incorporate nanotechnology products in different ways. In addition, developments in nanotechnology demand hiring in millions of trained nanotechnology workforce (Nano.gov, 2012).

Introduction to molecular simulations in soft matter

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-L. Barrat ◽  
J. J. de Pablo
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Soft Interfaces ◽  
Molecular Scale ◽  
Soft Matter Physics ◽  
The Continuum

We describe the main features of the coarse-grained models that are typically useful in modelling soft interfaces, from force fields to the continuum descriptions involving density fields. We explain the theoretical basis of the main numerical methods that are used to explore the phase space associated with these models. Finally, three recent examples, illustrating the spirit in which relatively simple simulations can contribute to solving pending problems in soft matter physics, are briefly described. Clearly, a short series of lectures can offer, at best, a biased and restricted view of the available approaches. Our aim here will be to provide the reader with such an overview, with a focus on methods and descriptions that ‘bridge the scale’ between the molecular scale and the continuum or quasi-continuum one. The objective to present a guide to the relevant literature—which has now to a large extent appeared in the form of textbooks.

scholarly journals Emergence and stabilization of transient twisted defect structures in confined achiral liquid crystals at a phase transition.

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose X Velez ◽  
Zhaofei Zheng ◽  
Daniel A. Beller ◽  
Francesca Serra
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Capillary Tube ◽  
Nematic Liquid Crystals ◽  
Defect Structures

Spontaneous emergence of chirality is a pervasive theme in soft matter. We report a transient twist forming in achiral nematic liquid crystals confined to a capillary tube with square cross...

Towards Efficient Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in Thermotropic Liquid Crystals

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 3350-3357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Schymura ◽  
Martin Kühnast ◽  
Vanessa Lutz ◽  
Stefan Jagiella ◽  
Ursula Dettlaff-Weglikowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Thermotropic Liquid Crystals

scholarly journals Tailor-designed polyphilic promotors for stabilizing dispersions of carbon nanotubes in liquid crystals

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (37) ◽  
pp. 6989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kühnast ◽  
Carsten Tschierske ◽  
Jan Lagerwall
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Liquid Crystals

Modelling and computation of liquid crystals

Acta Numerica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 765-851
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Pingwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Crystalline Solids ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tremendous Progress

Liquid crystals are a type of soft matter that is intermediate between crystalline solids and isotropic fluids. The study of liquid crystals has made tremendous progress over the past four decades, which is of great importance for fundamental scientific research and has widespread applications in industry. In this paper we review the mathematical models and their connections to liquid crystals, and survey the developments of numerical methods for finding rich configurations of liquid crystals.

4. States of matter

2014 ◽  
pp. 51-69
Author(s):  
Peter Atkins
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Van Der Waals ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Van Der Waals Equation ◽  
Intermediate States

‘States of matter’ describes the three traditional states — gas, liquid, and solid — and the models used to predict and understand their behaviour. The van der Waals equation of state captures many of the properties of real gases. The classical way of studying the motion of molecules in liquids is to measure its viscosity. Techniques include neutron scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance. X-ray diffraction is used to determine the structures of solids. Intermediate states of matter — where liquid meets gas and liquid meets solid — are also considered. Examples include supercritical fluids, soft matter such as liquid crystals, and graphene, a remarkable and essentially two-dimensional material.

Looking at Nature from the Perspective of Physical Sciences

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-103
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
General Information ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Universe

This chapter of the book looks at the structure of our environment, including our bodies, by examining the wide spectrum of dimensions of objects. Themes discussed provide some general information about concepts of data, information, and knowledge; dimensions of objects and the ways to look on and interpret them; ways to watch events and how they depend on various factors, especially within a nano-world. These issues are further examined with reference to our bodies and microbes that used to inhabit or attack us. Discussion involves materials such as soft matter, liquid crystals, and colloids, and then events occurring as waves in the quantum world, including the very beginnings of the universe, processes going now in nature, and plans concerning Mars colonization in the near future. Further text tells about carbon in its various forms, dimensions, existing reservoirs, and its role in living organisms.

Microwave absorption in liquid crystals and carbon nanotubes

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Dahiya ◽  
Ragu Athinarayanan ◽  
J. A. Roberts ◽  
J. M. Tour ◽  
D. W. Price, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Microwave Absorption
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