scholarly journals Simulation of Pedestrians and Motorised Traffic

2016 ◽  
pp. 1646-1662
Author(s):  
Eleonora Papadimitriou ◽  
J.M. Auberlet ◽  
George Yannis ◽  
S. Lassarre
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Macroscopic Models ◽  
Agent Simulation ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Pedestrian Simulation

The objective of this paper is the analysis of the state of the art in pedestrian simulation models and the identification of key issues for further research, with particular focus on the modelling of pedestrians and motorised traffic. A review and a comparative assessment of pedestrian simulation models are carried out, including macroscopic models, earlier meso- and miscosimulation models (mostly in Cellular Automata) and more recent Multi-Agent simulation models. The reviewed models cover a broad range of research topics: pedestrian flow and level of service, crowd dynamics and evacuations, route choice etc. However, pedestrian movement in urban areas and the interactions between pedestrians and vehicles have received notably less attention. A number of challenges to be addressed in future research are outlined: first, the need to and account for the hierarchical behavioural model of road users (strategic / tactical / operational behaviour); second, the need for appropriate description and parameterization of vehicle and pedestrian networks and their crossing points; third, the need to exploit in the simulation models the results of statistical and probabilistic models, which offer valuable insight in the determinants of pedestrian behaviour. In each case, recent studies towards addressing these challenges are outlined.

Simulation of Pedestrians and Motorised Traffic

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Papadimitriou ◽  
J.M. Auberlet ◽  
G. Yannis ◽  
S. Lassarre
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Macroscopic Models ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Agent Simulation ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Pedestrian Simulation

The objective of this paper is the analysis of the state of the art in pedestrian simulation models and the identification of key issues for further research, with particular focus on the modelling of pedestrians and motorised traffic. A review and a comparative assessment of pedestrian simulation models are carried out, including macroscopic models, earlier meso- and miscosimulation models (mostly in Cellular Automata) and more recent Multi-Agent simulation models. The reviewed models cover a broad range of research topics: pedestrian flow and level of service, crowd dynamics and evacuations, route choice etc. However, pedestrian movement in urban areas and the interactions between pedestrians and vehicles have received notably less attention. A number of challenges to be addressed in future research are outlined: first, the need to and account for the hierarchical behavioural model of road users (strategic / tactical / operational behaviour); second, the need for appropriate description and parameterization of vehicle and pedestrian networks and their crossing points; third, the need to exploit in the simulation models the results of statistical and probabilistic models, which offer valuable insight in the determinants of pedestrian behaviour. In each case, recent studies towards addressing these challenges are outlined.

scholarly journals Multi-Agent Simulation and Management Practices

2011 ◽  
pp. 645-652
Author(s):  
Peer-Olaf Siebers ◽  
Uwe Aickelin ◽  
Helen Celia ◽  
Chris Clegg
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Agents ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stochastic Systems ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Agent Simulation ◽  
Computer Scientists ◽  
Multi Agent

Intelligent agents offer a new and exciting way of understanding the world of work. Agent-based simulation (ABS), one way of using intelligent agents, carries great potential for progressing our understanding of management practices and how they link to retail performance. We have developed simulation models based on research by a multidisciplinary team of economists, work psychologists, and computer scientists. We will discuss our experiences of implementing these concepts working with a well-known retail department store. There is no doubt that management practices are linked to the performance of an organisation (Reynolds, Howard, Dragun, Rosewell, & Ormerod, 2005; Wall & Wood, 2005). Best practices have been developed, but when it comes down to the actual application of these guidelines considerable ambiguity remains regarding their effectiveness within particular contexts (Siebers, Aickelin, Battisti, et al., 2008). Most operational research (OR) methods can only be used as analysis tools once management practices have been implemented. Often they are not very useful for giving answers to speculative “what-if” questions, particularly when one is interested in the development of the system over time rather than just the state of the system at a certain point in time. Simulation can be used to analyse the operation of dynamic and stochastic systems. ABS is particularly useful when complex interactions between system entities exist, such as autonomous decision making or negotiation. In an ABS model the researcher explicitly describes the decision process of simulated actors at the micro level. Structures emerge at the macro level as a result of the actions of the agents and their interactions with other agents and the environment. We will show how ABS experiments can deal with testing and optimising management practices such as training, empowerment or teamwork. Hence, questions such as “will staff setting their own break times improve performance?” can be investigated.

scholarly journals Multi-Agent Simulation in the Inter-Organizational Trust Model and Knowledge Sharing in the Automotive Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Afrin Fauzya Rizana ◽  
Fadillah Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Trust Model ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Agent Simulation ◽  
Multi Agent

Two organizations can share knowledge to determine the success of their collaboration. Effectiveness in sharing knowledge affect the organizational performance and trust between organizations. This study aims to identify the implementation of multi-agent simulations to increase confidence in sharing knowledge between organizations. A multi-agent simulation approach was used in this study. The research model was adopted from previous research. Several hypotheses and path coefficients had tested in simulation models. The results of this study showed that multi-agent simulation is suitable to be implemented as a problem-solving method for a complex problem such as knowledge sharing. Besides, this study found the role of individual factors such as likability and expertise on the success of sharing knowledge between organizations.

scholarly journals Oribatid mite (Acari: Oribatida) communities of urban brownfields in Tallinn, Estonia, and their potential as bioindicators of wasteland successional stage

Acarologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Piret Vacht ◽  
Helin Niglas ◽  
Annely Kuu ◽  
Tiiu Koff ◽  
Sander Kutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Oribatid Mites ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Soil Mesofauna ◽  
Successional Stage ◽  
Urban Brownfields

Urban brownfields are ecologically valuable ecosystems that have been and are under various anthropogenic influences. Because brownfields are subject to rapid development in urban areas, their biological communities, including soil mesofauna, are overlooked and seldom researched, even though they could provide valuable insight into the ecological functioning of these areas. This exploratory study describes the community characteristics of oribatid mite fauna of 12 brownfields in Tallinn, Estonia, and analyzes the potential of oribatid mites as bioindicators of brownfield successional stage. This study provides the first faunistic list of oribatid mites from the brownfields of Tallinn. No significant changes in species abundance or richness depending on the successional stage were discovered. While some changes in community structure were noted, due to low overall abundance, no clear indicators of brownfield successional stage were identified. For future research on urban brownfield oribatid fauna with the intention of finding potential bioindicators of brownfield properties, increasing the sampling size and inclusion of other groups of soil mesofauna is recommended.

Fundamentals of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics

2009 ◽  
pp. 124-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schadschneider ◽  
Hubert Klüpfel ◽  
Tobias Kretz ◽  
Christian Rogsch ◽  
Armin Seyfried
Keyword(s):  
Social Systems ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Safety Analysis ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Agent Simulation ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Modelling Approaches

Multi-Agent Simulation is a general and powerful framework for understanding and predicting the behaviour of social systems. Here the authors investigate the behaviour of pedestrians and human crowds, especially their physical movement. Their aim is to build a bridge between the multi-agent and pedestrian dynamics communities that facilitates the validation and calibration of modelling approaches which is essential for any application in sensitive areas like safety analysis. Understanding the dynamical properties of large crowds is of obvious practical importance. Emergency situations require efficient evacuation strategies to avoid casualties and reduce the number of injured persons. In many cases legal requirements have to be fulfilled, for example, for aircraft or cruise ships. For tests already in the planning stage reliable simulation models are required to avoid additional costs for changes in the construction. First, the empirically observed phenomena are described, emphasizing the challenges they pose for any modelling approach and their relevance for the validation and calibration. Then the authors review the basic modelling approaches used for the simulation of pedestrian dynamics in normal and emergency situations, focussing on cellular automata models. Their achievements as well as their limitations are discussed in view of the empirical results. Finally, two applications to safety analysis are briefly described.

A Review of Multi Agent based Production Scheduling in Manufacturing System

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Om Ji Shukla ◽  
Gunjan Soni ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Rashpal S. Ahluwalia
Keyword(s):  
Production Scheduling ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scheduling Problems ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Backgrounds: The manufacturing sector has seen dynamic changes during the last few years, namely the move from product-oriented local economy to customer-driven global economy. In this environment, manufacturing systems have been required to deliver highly flexible, demand-driven and customized products. Hence, multi agent system (MAS) technology can play an important role in making highly responsive production scheduling systems in order to meet dynamic and uncertain changes in demand. Methods: This paper offers a review of MAS for production scheduling problems in manufacturing systems. The objective of the paper is twofold. First, it describes traditional and MAS based approaches for different production scheduling problems and presents advantages of MAS over traditional approaches. Second, it aims to review different MAS platforms and evaluate some key issues involved in MAS based production scheduling. Results: A variety of different MAS applications in production scheduling is reviewed in four categories of key issues: agent encapsulation, agent organization, agent coordination & negotiation and agent learning. Conclusion: Finally, this review presents a conceptual framework to implement MAS in production scheduling and also highlights the future research opportunities as well as challenges.

scholarly journals Multi-Agent Simulation in the Inter-Organizational Trust Model and Knowledge Sharing in the Automotive Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Afrin Fauzya Rizana ◽  
Fadillah Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Trust Model ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Agent Simulation ◽  
Multi Agent

Two organizations can share knowledge to determine the success of their collaboration. Effectiveness in sharing knowledge affect the organizational performance and trust between organizations. This study aims to identify the implementation of multi-agent simulations to increase confidence in sharing knowledge between organizations. A multi-agent simulation approach was used in this study. The research model was adopted from previous research. Several hypotheses and path coefficients had tested in simulation models. The results of this study showed that multi-agent simulation is suitable to be implemented as a problem-solving method for a complex problem such as knowledge sharing. Besides, this study found the role of individual factors such as likability and expertise on the success of sharing knowledge between organizations.

scholarly journals Modeling Trajectory-level Behaviors using Time Varying Pedestrian Movement Dynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniket Bera ◽  
Sujeong Kim ◽  
Dinesh Manocha
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Agents ◽  
Trajectory Prediction ◽  
Pedestrian Movement ◽  
Movement Dynamics ◽  
Movement Characteristics ◽  
Learned Behaviors ◽  
Agent Simulation ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Pedestrian Simulation

We present a novel interactive multi-agent simulation algorithm to model pedestrian movement dynamics. We use statistical techniques to compute the movement patterns and motion dynamics from 2D trajectories extracted from crowd videos. Our formulation extracts the dynamic behavior features of real-world agents and uses them to learn movement characteristics on the fly. The learned behaviors are used to generate plausible trajectories of virtual agents as well as for long-term pedestrian trajectory prediction. Our approach can be integrated with any trajectory extraction method, including manual tracking, sensors, and online tracking methods. We highlight the benefits of our approach on many indoor and outdoor scenarios with noisy, sparsely sampled trajectory in terms of trajectory prediction and data-driven pedestrian simulation.

Business Process Management for Information System Implementation in Discrete Manufacturing Workshops Based on Multi-Agent Simulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 605-607 ◽  
pp. 511-515
Author(s):  
Shang You Zhang ◽  
Ya Qing Tan ◽  
Tian Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Business Process ◽  
Business Process Management ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
System Implementation ◽  
Discrete Manufacturing ◽  
Agent Simulation ◽  
Multi Agent

Information system implementation helps to promote efficiency of the workshops and enterprises’ competitiveness. It requires holistic analyses and investigation in the manufacturing workshops to ensure its success. This research proposes a framework to guide information systems implementation in discrete manufacturing workshops. In the framework, multi-agent simulation models are built to analyze the business processes in the workshops and some techniques from Business Process Management (BPM) are applied to modify or change the processes. The effectiveness of the framework is proved by its application in a discrete manufacturing workshop.

Fields of spatial research on urban areas in the context of organisational solutions to new forms of transportation

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Bartosz Czarnecki
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Main Achievement ◽  
Self Driving Cars

Abstract The paper discusses the spatial consequences of the widespread use of self-driving cars and the resulting changes in the structure of urban areas. Analysing present knowledge on the technology, functionality and future forms of organisation of mobility with this type of means of transportation, conclusions are presented concerning the expected changes in the organisation of space in urban areas. The main achievement of the investigation is an outline of the fields of future research on the spatial consequences of a transportation system with a large share of self-driving cars.

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