Varlam Shalamov. Rilke and Drozhzhin

In the publication V.T. Shalamov’s notes of the early 1970s about the meeting of the famous Austrian poet R.M. Rilke with the peasant poet S.D. Drozhzhin are introduced into academic study for the first time. The meeting took place in 1900 during Rilke’s second trip to Russia. The notes preserved in Shalamov’s archives represent preliminary observations for the future essay, which remained unfinished. The introductory article traces the history of Shalamov’s acquaintance with Rilke’s work and reconstructs Rilke’s image as perceived by Shalamov in the context of his biography and work. It also reconstructs, on the basis of letters and notebooks, the stages of an unrealized plan related to the theme of “Rilke and Drozhzhin”, suggested to Shalamov by B.L. Pasternak, but read by him in the subjective optics of the poet, who considered his main achievement “understanding of nature”. This subjective optics, which distinguishes Shalamov’s text from all subsequent interpretations of this historical and literary plot, is manifested especially clearly in the correlation of the figures of Rilke and Drozhzhin with Soviet writers who were Shalamov’s contemporaries (Tvardovsky, Dzhambul, Stalsky, etc.). The new archival material makes it possible to supplement the picture of the Soviet “Rilkeana” and to expand the understanding of Shalamov’s range of interests.

НАУЧНЫЙ ПУТЬ МАРИНЫ МИХАЙЛОВНЫ ГРОМЫКО

Аннотация. Историографический анализ трудов доктора исторических наук, профессора М. М. Громыко позволяет понять, как складывалось «православное направление» в русской этнографии постсоветского периода. Одна из крупных фигур в современной этнографии русского народа, М. М. Громыко прошла долгий путь в науке, одно время ее отличал славянофильский подход (насколько это было возможно в то или иное время) в изучении русского народа. В 1990-е годы произошла замена светского подхода религиозным. Главным ее достижением стали исследования в области нравственной культуры. Сегодня православное направление продолжает развивать свою методологию, которая должна соответствовать изучаемой русской традиционной культуре. Abstract. Historiographic analysis of the works of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor M.M. Gromyko makes it possible to understand how the “Orthodox trend” took shape in Russian ethnography in the post-Soviet period. One of the major figures in the modern ethnography of the Russian people, M.M. Gromyko has come a long way in science, at one time she was distinguished by the Slavophil approach (as far as it was possible at one time or another) in the study of the Russian people. Then, in the 1990s, the secular approach was replaced by a religious one. Her main achievement was research in the field of moral culture. Today the Orthodox direction is on the way to developing its own methodology, which should correspond to the studied Russian traditional culture.

Conclusion

This final chapter summarizes the main achievement of this research on the “musical tears” of the Roma of Ceuaş. It shows what light it sheds, more generally, on European Roma communities and on the question of musical emotions. The chapter raises the question of how the gap between laboratory research and fieldwork can be reduced, and poses the foundations of an interdisciplinary approach to musical emotions.

Three Authentication Schemes without Secrecy over Finite Fields and Galois Rings

We provide three new authentication schemes without secrecy. The first two on finite fields and Galois rings, using Gray map for this link. The third construction is based on Galois rings. The main achievement in this work is to obtain optimal impersonation and substitution probabilities in the schemes. Additionally, in the first and second scheme, we simplify the source space and obtain a better relationship between the size of the message space and the key space than the one given in a recent paper. Finally, we provide a third scheme on Galois rings.

Three authentication schemes without secrecy over finite fields and Galois rings

We give three new authentication schemes without secrecy. The first two on finite fields and Galois rings, using Gray map for this link. The third construction is given on Galois rings. The main achievement in this work is to obtain optimal impersonation and substitution probabilities in the schemes. Additionally, in the first and second scheme, we simplify the source space and bring a better relationship between the size of the message space and the key space than the given in [8]. Finally, we provide a third scheme on Galois rings, which generalizes the scheme over finite fields constructed in [9].

Book Review: Sharafadina, K.I. (2018) Selam, otkroysya! Floropoetika v Obraznom Yazyke Russkoy i Zarubezhnoy Literatury [Selam, Open Up! Floropoetics in the Figurative Language of Russian and Foreign Literature]. St. Petersburg: NestorIstoriya

The reviewer draws attention to the author’s integrative interdisciplinary methodology. First of all, it is the interdisciplinarity of the research algorithm, which allowed the well-known scholar to conceptualize and present the textual embodiment of the correlation of the “text of life” by the “text of culture” in a new way. This approach allows the author to comprehend the “polygenism” of floristic components of a literary plot. The reviewer considers the creation of the concept of an original and, in many respects, innovative research practice – floropoetology – to be the main achievement of the author, a literary critic with significant research experience. The author proposes refined translations and subscripts of French and English texts, archival materials, which adds to the value of the work. The book is intended for a wide range of readers.

In discord or lockstep: In anticipation of the thirtieth anniversary of the dissolution of Yugoslavia

This paper gives a recapitulation of the Yugoslav crisis and considers the role of western states in the breaking up of Yugoslavia (SFRY and SRY). The author is of the opinion that the transformation of Serbian society began with the "antibureaucratic revolution" and that it concluded with the "bulldozer revolution" on October 5, 2000. The fall of Milosevic marked the final collapse of the entire political course he led during the Yugoslav crisis. The principal defeat of Serbian politics was the state split with Montenegro in 2006, while the de facto loss of Kosovo took place before the rise of Milosevic with the forced evictions of Serbs from this region. Nevertheless, the loss of Kosovo, which unilaterally declared its independence in 2008, is perceived as more painful in the national consciousness. Parallel to this, the main achievement of the Serbs during these troubled times was the creation of the Republic of Srpska in Bosnia and Herzegovina, whose broad autonomy was given international recognition in 1995 after the Dayton Agreement. Tito's Yugoslavia and the states that appeared on its ruins, all their differences notwithstanding, developed and continued to evolve within the framework of general law, which applies to all the countries that occupy the vast region of Central, South-East and East Europe. Serbia is not an exception, although the process of its transformation, for the mentioned reasons, is slower and more painful than that of many of its neighbors.

Robert Spaemann’s Ontology of the Person as a Contribution to Overcoming an Anthropological Crisis

Robert Spaemann (1927–2018) is one of the best-known German philosophers of the present. One of his most important books: Persons contains an ontology of the person that offers a synthesis of metaphysics, anthropology and ethics. The purpose of the article is to present the most important elements of this ontology and to reveal their possible relevance for current ethical problems. Spaemann‘s main achievement is a successful diagnosis of the crisis of the person in the present with the indication of the possibilities of overcoming it through an integral view of the human being.

SCHENGEN ACQUIS AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN LATVIA

Latvia joined the Schengen area in 2007 and has already passed three Schengen evaluations. The novelty of the article is aimed at analysis of Schengen Acquis implementation in Latvia and offer suggestions on its further implementation development. The aim of the study is to develop and propose suggestions on Schengen Acquis content improvement and its judicial systematisation development. The research tasks are to investigate the current EU and national normative regulations, legal practices, the conclusions of Latvian and foreign law researchers by using analytical, historical and comparative methods. The improvement of the national normative regulation was started long before Latvia's accession to the Schengen area. The further development of the Schengen acquis is important from the point of view of the right to free movement of persons and from the point of view of ensuring public security in the face of today's challenges related to terrorism, international crime, uncontrolled migration and the spread of disease. The main achievement of the research is that the author has defined the main areas of Schengen Acquis development.

Is the legacy of Max Weber relevant today? (On the centenary of his death)

The article discusses the main issues of the scientific heritage of the classic of world sociology Max Weber, and discusses the reasons why his legacy remains relevant today. It touches upon the problems and difficulties associated with the translation of Weber’s works from German, which led to the inaccuracies in the interpretation of his ideas. The article emphasized the main achievement of Weber that is the creation of an interpretive sociology and its conceptual apparatus. Much attention is paid to the concept of «freedom from values» in connection with Weber’s interpretation of science as a sphere in which there is no place for any criteria other than scientific ones, and the difference between the sphere of science and the sphere of politics, where the individual can openly show his interests and preferences. The methodological relevance of the problems and concepts disclosed by Weber, in particular, the concepts of «ideal type», «types of domination», «charisma», «social action», rationality», «bureaucracy» is considered.