The Case for Group Heterogeneity

2017 ◽  
pp. 1852-1871
Author(s):  
Teigan Margetts ◽  
Elise Holland
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Top Management Teams ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Dichotomous Variable ◽  
Group Heterogeneity ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
And Gender

In this chapter, the case for group heterogeneity in organisations, from a gender perspective, will be put forward. The chapter will argue that diversity within top management teams (TMTs) and boards is necessary to ensure the proper functioning of the group decision-making process, and also to increase innovation across the firm. Whilst gender is not a dichotomous variable, females do bring a level of difference to any given group. For decision-making, this level of difference is critical to prevent groupthink, cascades and polarisation. The chapter will also argue that ‘diversity' cannot mean the ‘token' introduction of one female, rather, diversity is most valuable when equality is achieved. Given that incremental increases are associated with diversity for innovation, the chapter will also argue that equality leads to better innovation. Overall, the chapter will aim to demonstrate that group heterogeneity and gender diversity results in better decisions, better innovations, and better overall performance for organisations.

The Case for Group Heterogeneity

2015 ◽  
pp. 146-165
Author(s):  
Teigan Margetts ◽  
Elise Holland
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Top Management Teams ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Dichotomous Variable ◽  
Group Heterogeneity ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
And Gender

In this chapter, the case for group heterogeneity in organisations, from a gender perspective, will be put forward. The chapter will argue that diversity within top management teams (TMTs) and boards is necessary to ensure the proper functioning of the group decision-making process, and also to increase innovation across the firm. Whilst gender is not a dichotomous variable, females do bring a level of difference to any given group. For decision-making, this level of difference is critical to prevent groupthink, cascades and polarisation. The chapter will also argue that ‘diversity' cannot mean the ‘token' introduction of one female, rather, diversity is most valuable when equality is achieved. Given that incremental increases are associated with diversity for innovation, the chapter will also argue that equality leads to better innovation. Overall, the chapter will aim to demonstrate that group heterogeneity and gender diversity results in better decisions, better innovations, and better overall performance for organisations.

scholarly journals A New Grey Approach for Using SWARA and PIPRECIA Methods in a Group Decision-Making Environment

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 1554
Author(s):  
Dragiša Stanujkić ◽  
Darjan Karabašević ◽  
Gabrijela Popović ◽  
Predrag S. Stanimirović ◽  
Muzafer Saračević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Grey System Theory ◽  
Multiple Criteria ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Grey System ◽  
Criteria Weights

The environment in which the decision-making process takes place is often characterized by uncertainty and vagueness and, because of that, sometimes it is very hard to express the criteria weights with crisp numbers. Therefore, the application of the Grey System Theory, i.e., grey numbers, in this case, is very convenient when it comes to determination of the criteria weights with partially known information. Besides, the criteria weights have a significant role in the multiple criteria decision-making process. Many ordinary multiple criteria decision-making methods are adapted for using grey numbers, and this is the case in this article as well. A new grey extension of the certain multiple criteria decision-making methods for the determination of the criteria weights is proposed. Therefore, the article aims to propose a new extension of the Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) and PIvot Pairwise Relative Criteria Importance Assessment (PIPRECIA) methods adapted for group decision-making. In the proposed approach, attitudes of decision-makers are transformed into grey group attitudes, which allows taking advantage of the benefit that grey numbers provide over crisp numbers. The main advantage of the proposed approach in relation to the use of crisp numbers is the ability to conduct different analyses, i.e., considering different scenarios, such as pessimistic, optimistic, and so on. By varying the value of the whitening coefficient, different weights of the criteria can be obtained, and it should be emphasized that this approach gives the same weights as in the case of crisp numbers when the whitening coefficient has a value of 0.5. In addition, in this approach, the grey number was formed based on the median value of collected responses because it better maintains the deviation from the normal distribution of the collected responses. The application of the proposed approach was considered through two numerical illustrations, based on which appropriate conclusions were drawn.

Method for Selecting Storage Enterprises Based on IFHA

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 1769-1772
Author(s):  
Jie Wu ◽  
Lei Na Zheng ◽  
Tie Jun Pan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Problems ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Multiple Decision Makers ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy ◽  
Averaging Operator

In order to reflect the decision-making more scientific and democratic, modern decision problems often require the participation of multiple decision makers. In group decision making process,require the use of intuitionistic fuzzy hybrid averaging operator (IFHA) to get the final decision result.

Managing consistency and consensus measures and adjustment strategies in group decision making with probabilistic linguistic preference relations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Pei Liang ◽  
Junhua Hu ◽  
KwaiSang Chin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Similarity Measure ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Preference Relations ◽  
Consistency Measure ◽  
Consensus Measure ◽  
Adjustment Strategies ◽  
Consensus Reaching

The use of probabilistic linguistic preference relations (PLPRs) in pairwise comparisons enhances the flexibility of quantitative decision making. To promote the application of probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs) and PLPRs, this paper introduces the consistency and consensus measures and adjustment strategies to guarantee the rationality of preference information utilized in the group decision making process. First of all, a novel entropy-based similarity measure is developed with PLTSs. Hereafter an improved consistency measure is defined on the basis of the proposed similarity measure, and a convergent algorithm is constructed to deal with the consistency improving process. Furthermore, a similarity-based consensus measure is developed in a given PLPR, and the consensus reaching process is presented to deal with the unacceptable consensus degree. The proposed consistency improving and consensus reaching processes follow a principle of minimum information loss, called a local adjustment strategy. In particular, the presented methods not only overcome the deficiencies in existing studies but also enhance the interpretation and reduce the complexity of the group decision making process. Finally, the proposed consistency measure and improving process, as well as consensus measure and reaching process are verified through a numerical example for the medical plan selection issue. The result and in-depth comparison analysis validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methods.

Who Should be Involved in the Selection Of Venous Access Devices?

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Cynthia Chernecky ◽  
Katherine Nugent ◽  
Jennifer L. Waller ◽  
Denise Macklin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Vascular Access Devices ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The purposes of this study were to describe who should be involved in the vascular access device (VAD) decision-making process, according to patients and caregivers, and to describe if there were differences associated with persons involved in the selection of VADs according to race and gender. Convenience sample included 32 oncology out-patients and 10 caregivers from the southern United States. There were differences by race and sex in decision-making priorities of patients with vascular access devices indwelling; however, these were not statistically significant. Patients, physicians, and oncology nurses were viewed by both patients and caregivers as significant to the decision-making process. In contrast, caregivers were ranked as the least significant by both patients and caregivers. Females chose the physician as the primary decision-maker while males chose the patient as the primary decision-maker.

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