Evolving Business Models in the Renewable Energy

2017 ◽  
pp. 121-145
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Performance Contracts ◽  
New Energy ◽  
New Business

New business models in the solar PV business were pushed from government policies worldwide for reducing GHG emissions. Therefore, PV system installments increase exorbitant in the last years with the consequences of constant falling of prices for PV system and energy. All these quickly changed conditions, means new flexible BM. Power purchase agreements, Product Service Systems, demand resource provider, energy performance contracts are evolving rapidly in the renewable energy business. There is a variation of new PV BM for use. PV represent a new energy source for producing H2 as a storable renewable fuel in an overcapacity situation. Using H2 in combination with other systems, like hybrid systems, heat pumps gives new unique business opportunities. Decentralization will be the key to success. Other applications like mobility and long term storage are other further alternatives in connections or combination with the volatile renewable energy sources.

Evolving Business Models in the Renewable Energy

2020 ◽  
pp. 395-413
Author(s):  
Adrian Tantau ◽  
Robert Staiger
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Performance Contracts ◽  
New Energy ◽  
New Business

New business models in the solar PV business were pushed from government policies worldwide for reducing GHG emissions. Therefore, PV system installments increase exorbitant in the last years with the consequences of constant falling of prices for PV system and energy. All these quickly changed conditions, means new flexible BM. Power purchase agreements, Product Service Systems, demand resource provider, energy performance contracts are evolving rapidly in the renewable energy business. There is a variation of new PV BM for use. PV represent a new energy source for producing H2 as a storable renewable fuel in an overcapacity situation. Using H2 in combination with other systems, like hybrid systems, heat pumps gives new unique business opportunities. Decentralization will be the key to success. Other applications like mobility and long term storage are other further alternatives in connections or combination with the volatile renewable energy sources.

scholarly journals Distribution Grid Energy Flexibility: The Ebalance-Plus Technologies Developed for the University of Calabria Demo Site

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Anna Pinnarelli ◽  
Daniele Menniti ◽  
Nicola Sorrentino ◽  
Juan Jacobo Peralta Escalante ◽  
Maurizio Vizza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
New Business ◽  
The University ◽  
New Business Models

The integration of renewable energy sources is one of the principal issues of the electric power system. The ebalance-plus project to achieve this goal will implement and test a management energy platform and new business models. Such solutions will be tested in four demo sites located in Spain, Denmark, France, and Italy. The Italian demo site is considered in this paper. After the first part, in which the configuration of the Italian demo site is described, the technological solutions implemented to provide energy flexibility are listed.

scholarly journals Recent Advancements in Technical Design and Thermal Performance Enhancement of Solar Greenhouse Dryers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7025
Author(s):  
Shiva Gorjian ◽  
Behnam Hosseingholilou ◽  
Laxmikant D. Jathar ◽  
Haniyeh Samadi ◽  
Samiran Samanta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Hybrid Configuration ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

The food industry is responsible for supplying the food demand of the ever-increasing global population. The food chain is one of the major contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and global food waste accounts for one-third of produced food. A solution to this problem is preserving crops, vegetables, and fruits with the help of an ancient method of sun drying. For drying agricultural and marine products, several types of dryers are also being developed. However, they require a large amount of energy supplied conventionally from pollutant energy sources. The environmental concerns and depletion risks of fossil fuels persuade researchers and developers to seek alternative solutions. To perform drying applications, sustainable solar power may be effective because it is highly accessible in most regions of the world. Greenhouse dryers (GHDs) are simple facilities that can provide large capacities for drying agricultural products. This study reviews the integration of GHDs with different solar technologies, including photovoltaic (PV), photovoltaic-thermal (PVT), and solar thermal collectors. Additionally, the integration of solar-assisted greenhouse dryers (SGHDs) with heat pumps and thermal energy storage (TES) units, as well as their hybrid configuration considering integration with other renewable energy sources, is investigated to improve their thermal performance. In this regard, this review presents and discusses the most recent advances in this field. Additionally, the economic analysis of SGHDs is presented as a key factor to make these sustainable facilities commercially available.

scholarly journals Forecasting and Modelling the Uncertainty of Low Voltage Network Demand and the Effect of Renewable Energy Sources

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2151
Author(s):  
Feras Alasali ◽  
Husam Foudeh ◽  
Esraa Mousa Ali ◽  
Khaled Nusair ◽  
William Holderbaum
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Golden Ratio ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Demand Forecast ◽  
Pv System

More and more households are using renewable energy sources, and this will continue as the world moves towards a clean energy future and new patterns in demands for electricity. This creates significant novel challenges for Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) such as volatile net demand behavior and predicting Low Voltage (LV) demand. There is a lack of understanding of modern LV networks’ demand and renewable energy sources behavior. This article starts with an investigation into the unique characteristics of householder demand behavior in Jordan, connected to Photovoltaics (PV) systems. Previous studies have focused mostly on forecasting LV level demand without considering renewable energy sources, disaggregation demand and the weather conditions at the LV level. In this study, we provide detailed LV demand analysis and a variety of forecasting methods in terms of a probabilistic, new optimization learning algorithm called the Golden Ratio Optimization Method (GROM) for an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model for rolling and point forecasting. Short-term forecasting models have been designed and developed to generate future scenarios for different disaggregation demand levels from households, small cities, net demands and PV system output. The results show that the volatile behavior of LV networks connected to the PV system creates substantial forecasting challenges. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for the ANN-GROM model improved by 41.2% for household demand forecast compared to the traditional ANN model.

scholarly journals Optimisation of Energy Accumulation for Renewable Energy Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Milan Belik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Energy Accumulation ◽  
Wind Power Station ◽  
Future Production

This project focuses on optimisation of energy accumulation for various types of distributed renewable energy sources. The main goal is to prepare charging – discharging strategy depending on actual power consumption and prediction of consumption and production of utilised renewable energy sources for future period. The simulation is based on real long term data measured on photovoltaic system, wind power station and meteo station between 2004 – 2021. The data from meteo station serve as the input for the simulation and prediction of the future production while the data from PV system and wind turbine are used either as actual production or as a verification of the predicted values. Various parameters are used for trimming of the optimisation process. Influence of the charging strategy, discharging strategy, values and shape of the demand from the grid and prices is described on typical examples of the simulations. The main goal is to prepare and verify the system in real conditions with real load chart and real consumption defined by the model building with integrated renewable energy sources. The system can be later used in general installations on commercial or residential buildings.

scholarly journals Research on Fresh and Hardened Sealing Slurries with the Addition of Magnesium Regarding Thermal Conductivity for Energy Piles and Borehole Heat Exchangers

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5119
Author(s):  
Tomasz Sliwa ◽  
Tomasz Kowalski ◽  
Dominik Cekus ◽  
Aneta Sapińska-Śliwa
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Borehole Heat Exchangers

Currently, renewable energy is increasingly important in the energy sector. One of the so-called renewable energy sources is geothermal energy. The most popular solution implemented by both small and large customers is the consumption of low-temperature geothermal energy using borehole heat exchanger (BHE) systems assisted by geothermal heat pumps. Such an installation can operate regardless of geological conditions, which makes it extremely universal. Borehole heat exchangers are the most important elements of this system, as their design determines the efficiency of the entire heating or heating-and-cooling system. Filling/sealing slurry is amongst the crucial structural elements. In borehole exchangers, reaching the highest possible thermal conductivity of the cement slurry endeavors to improve heat transfer between the rock mass and the heat carrier. The article presents a proposed design for such a sealing slurry. Powdered magnesium was used as an additive to the cement. The approximate cost of powdered magnesium is PLN 70–90 per kg (EUR 15–20/kg). Six different slurry formulations were tested. Magnesium flakes were used in designs A, B, C, and magnesium shavings in D, E and F. The samples differed in the powdered magnesium content BWOC (by weight of cement). The parameters of fresh and hardened sealing slurries were tested, focusing mainly on the thermal conductivity parameter. The highest thermal conductivity values were obtained in design C with the 45% addition of magnesium flakes BWOC.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency – Indoor Air Quality Dilemma in Educational Buildings: A Possible Solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-367
Author(s):  
Liva Asere ◽  
Andra Blumberga
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Educational Buildings ◽  
Electricity Tariff

AbstractThe energy efficiency – indoor air quality dilemma is well known and the main drawback to operate the mechanical ventilation is electricity costs as concluded from previous studies. Educational buildings are one of the places where future taxpayers spend a lot of time. This paper aims to study an alternative solution on how to reduce energy efficiency – indoor air quality dilemma in educational buildings by adopting systems that use renewable energy sources. A typical education building in Latvia is taken as a case study by changing it from a consumer to prosumer. This building type has a specific electricity usage profile that makes the choice of photovoltaics (PV) power quite challenging so the various power options have been analysed and used for an electricity solution. Also, the more decentralised preference is chosen – disconnect from a public heating provider and using a local system with a pellet boiler. Educational buildings using PV can reduce the electricity tariff, but the payback periods are still not very satisfactory without subsidies. The average electricity tariff per month varies between scenarios and the best one is for the scenario with 30 kW installed power. The educational building partly using 16 kW PV system reduces not only its bill for electricity but also reduces CO2 emissions by around 36 tons. The education buildings as energy prosumers using renewable energy sources are reducing GHG emissions by having high indoor air quality.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development and Renewable Energy Sectors: Selected Indicators in European Union and Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (4) ◽  
pp. 250-258
Author(s):  
Anna Klepacka
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Countries

The aim of this article was to show the position of Poland in the renewable energy subsectors among the European Union countries. The research covered the areas of biomass, solar heating and heat pumps, showing the degree of their utilization, power required to drive the system and their production in 2016. The provided information was supplemented with a revenues per employee in thousand euros in chosen subsectors of renewable energy sources in the year 2016. The main tool for carrying out the set objective was the use of descriptive and comparative methods. The results of the survey demonstrated Poland’s prominent place in the sector of liquid biofuels (1st place in EU), thanks to the significant supply of raw materials as well as development perspectives in solar energy, which is confirmed by the world's statistics indicating a record number of photovoltaic installations fitted (PV).

scholarly journals Refurbishment of a house in a historical building: energy saving, electrification and flexibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Giada Romano ◽  
Elisa Pennacchia ◽  
Sofia Agostinelli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Architectural Constraints ◽  
Current Energy

Buildings with architectural constraints and recognized historical values require a careful design process, aiming to combine the needs of conservation and the adaptation of the buildings to the modern use and its accessibility. The feasible interventions consist in improving the energy performance of the building envelope, in inserting efficient technological systems and using renewable energy sources where possible. The compatibility between the architectural constraints of the building and its more sustainable future use represents a crucial challenge. This work presents the interventions designed and realized on a small villa located in the Prati district, in Rome. Starting from the requests of the client, the primary objective was to create a comfortable house both in the winter and in the summer season, with widespread use of automation systems for managing the utilities. In line with the current energy scenario, the interventions were oriented to energy efficiency, the reduction of polluting emissions, the electrification of utilities and the use of renewable energy sources. The proposed solutions showed high gains in terms of energy saving even if the changes to the building envelope were limited by the desire to preserve the values of the cultural heritage. Therefore, a virtuous refurbishment can effectively respond to current energy efficiency goals.

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