Forty Years of Organizational Communication

Author(s):  
Philip J. Salem ◽  
C. Erik Timmerman

This essay begins with a description of the emergence of organizational communication as a discipline. The authors explain how Murray's notion of a discipline framed a 1976 organizational communication conference and two consequent conferences held twenty years apart. Because all three conferences featured the same distinctive way to present material, the conferences provided a unique opportunity to track the development of the discipline. This chapter provides a representative review of the organizational communication literature over 40 years as an historical context. This chapter begins by explaining Murray's categories, and the authors describe 40 year trends in the literature within each category. The authors end the chapter by highlighting the challenges and opportunities ahead.

Author(s):  
Ashley Ghiaseddin ◽  
Lan B Hoang Minh ◽  
Michalina Janiszewska ◽  
David Shin ◽  
Wolfgang Wick ◽  
...  

Abstract Despite therapeutic advances for other malignancies, gliomas remain challenging solid tumors to treat. Complete surgical resection is nearly impossible due to gliomas’ diffuse infiltrative nature, and treatment is hampered by restricted access to the tumors due to limited transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Recent advances in genomic studies and next-generation sequencing techniques have led to a better understanding of gliomas and identification of potential aberrant signaling pathways. Targeting the specific genomic abnormalities via novel molecular therapies has opened a new avenue in the management of gliomas, with encouraging results in preclinical studies and early clinical trials. However, molecular characterization of gliomas revealed the significant heterogeneity, which poses a challenge for targeted therapeutic approaches. In this context, leading neuro-oncology researchers and clinicians, industry innovators, and patient advocates convened at the inaugural annual Remission Summit held in Orlando, FL in February 2019 to discuss the latest advances in immunotherapy and precision medicine approaches for the treatment of adult and pediatric brain tumors and outline the unanswered questions, challenges, and opportunities that lay ahead for advancing the duration and quality of life for patients with brain tumors. Here, we provide historical context for precision medicine in other cancers, present emerging approaches for gliomas, discuss their limitations, and outline the steps necessary for future success. We focus on the advances in small molecule targeted therapy, as the use of immunotherapy as an emerging precision medicine modality for glioma treatment has recently been reviewed by our colleagues


2021 ◽  
pp. 147821032110409
Author(s):  
Martin Brown ◽  
Herbert Altrichter ◽  
Igor Shiyan ◽  
María José Rodríguez Conde ◽  
Gerry McNamara ◽  
...  

Whether voluntary or enforced, increasing patterns of migration have significantly impacted schools by making them linguistically, culturally, religiously and ethnically more diverse than ever before. This increasing diversity requires school leaders to put in place mechanisms to ensure equity of participation for migration background students. Dimmock and Walker (2005) believe that school leaders need to play a vital role in promoting and sustaining an environment that embraces diversity and, by association, contributes to solving the macro problems of society. To accomplish this emerging role, there is a need for ‘new approaches to educational leadership in which leaders exhibit culturally responsive organisational practices, behaviours and competencies’ (Madhlangobe and Gordon, 2012: p. 177). This is all well and good in theory, but the current and historical context in which school leaders operate, together with the training and supports that are provided, influences, to a significant extent, how culturally responsive leadership can operate in practice. This study, which is part of a European Commission Erasmus+ funded project entitled Supporting Culturally Responsive Leadership and Evaluation in Schools (CReLES), examines these assumptions by mapping out the factors and actors that can hinder and facilitate the flourishing of such practices in four European countries, Austria, Ireland, Russia and Spain.


Perspectiva ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 1205-1228
Author(s):  
Maria De Lourdes Pinto de Almeida ◽  
Cesar Geronimo Tello

Este artigo pretende pensar a escola como um espaço de tolerância e de respeito, que propicie o desenvolvimento de uma cultura democrática, de maneira que o seu funcionamento estimule a participação de todos na tomada de decisões. Isso parece ser utópico e não fazer parte da vontade política das lideranças do mundo globalizado e, sobretudo, capitalista. O trabalho escolar realizado na gestão, na maioria das vezes, perde o sentido de espaço de troca, de construção e de relação social, e é encarado apenas como fator de emancipação econômica, moeda de troca, o que é ilusório, pois a remuneração oferecida de acordo com o mercado não atende, há muito tempo, às reais necessidades. Desse modo, objetiva-se discutir a gestão escolar diante de um contexto histórico na América Latina, ditado por um Estado Neoliberal que não valoriza a Educação Escolar e que entende o trabalho enquanto venda de força produtiva por um salário no final do mês, e não enquanto produção da existência humana.  Education and school management in Latin America: history, challenges and opportunities AbstractThis article intends to think the school as a place of tolerance and respect that fosters the development of a democratic culture, so that its operation encourages the participation of all in decision making processes. This seems to be utopian and not part of the political will of the leaders of the globalized and - especially - capitalist world. The work performed in school management, in most cases, loses the sense of space of exchanges, of social construction and relationship, and is seen only as a factor of economic emancipation and currency exchange, which is illusory because the compensation offered according to the market no long meets the real needs. This way, our goal is to discuss the school management before a historical context in Latin America, which is dictated by a neoliberal state that does not value the school education and that understands labor as sale of productive force for a salary at the end of the month and not as production of human existence.Keywords: School Management in Latin America. Education and Management. School and Management in Latin America. La educación y la gestión de las escuelas en América Latina: historia, retos y posibilidades Resumen Este artículo se propone pensar la escuela como un lugar de tolerancia y de respeto que propicie el desarrollo de una cultura democrática, por lo que su funcionamiento anima a la participación de todos en la toma de decisiones. Esto parece ser una utopía y no forma parte de la voluntad política de los líderes del mundo globalizado y sobre todo capitalista. En el trabajo de gestión en la escuela, la mayoría de las veces, se pierde el sentido del espacio de intercambio, la construcción y las relaciones sociales, y es visto sólo como un factor de emancipación económica, el comercio de divisas, que es ilusorio, porque la remuneración ofrecida a partir de la lógica del mercado no atiende desde hace mucho tiempo las necesidades reales. Por lo tanto, el objetivo es discutir la dirección [gestión] de la escuela en un contexto histórico en América Latina, dictada por un Estado neoliberal que no valora la educación escolar y que entiende el trabajo como la venta de la fuerza productiva para un sueldo a fin de mes, y no como una producción de la existencia humana.Palabras claves: Gestión Escolar en América Latina. Educación y Gestión. Escuela y Gestión en América Latina. 


Author(s):  
Dr Wian Erlank

On Friday 27th July 2012 the conference on the "Green Paper on Land Reform: Challenges and Opportunities" was held at the Hakunamatata Estate in Muldersdrift. The conference was a joint project by the Konrad Adenauer Foundation (KAS) and the Faculty of Law, North-West University. While the main focus of the conference was on the specific issues raised by the Green Paper on Land Reform of 2011, it also addressed current and contemporary issues relating to the Land Reform issue as experienced in South Africa.Papers were delivered on various aspects of land reform relating to or arising from the Green Paper on Land Reform, 2011. The programme included a large number of excellent and thought provoking papers as well as a number of panel discussions that resulted in enthusiastic audience participation. Of these, the following papers and presentations were collected, evaluated and published in this special edition of PER. The first contribution by Wian Erlank (North-West University) gives an overview and discusses the challenges the Green Paper on Land Reform bring to the fore. It sets the stage for the publication at large. This is followed by Juanita Pienaar (University of Stellenbosch) who deliberates on what she calles the “mechanics of intervention” and the Green Paper on Land Reform. Henk Kloppers and Gerrit Pienaar (North West University) gives a historical context of land reform in South Africa and early policies; and Henk Kloppers then considers Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the context of land reform.  He is followed by Hanri Mostert's (University of Cape Town) contribution on land as a 'National Asset' under the Constitution and what this system change envisaged by the 2011 Green Paper on Land Policy means for property under the Constitution.  Elmien du Plessis (University of Johannesburg) article on the lack of direction on compensation for expropriation in the 2011 Green Paper on Land Reform. This special edition ends with Motsepe Matlala, the President of the National African Farmers Union gave an illuminating oratio on the opportunities and challenges of the 2011 Green Paper on Land Reform for the National African Farmers Union (NAFU SA).The timing of this edition is fortuitous, since a follow-up to this conference was held at Hakunamatata, Muldersdrift on 19 and 20 June 2014 with the specific focus on Land Reform and Food Security.More on the theme.The contributions contained in this special edition provide an extensive overview of land reform, especially in their introductory sections - before delving into the more technical aspects. However, a very brief note on the issue of Land Reform in South Africa might be beneficial for foreign readers. As in most other areas of the world, ownership of and access to land is an important issue in South Africa. This is especially topical in South Africa due to the fact that the racial segregation policies and laws of the past had the effect of removing people from their land, of restricting their access to land, and also in most instances of prohibiting their ownership of land. Ever since the abolition of "apartheid" and the introduction of the new, democratic dispensation, the initiative of "land reform" has been identified as requiring actively promotion in order to address these injustices of the past. Mandated by the Constitution and implemented through legislation, the South African Land Reform Programme has seen many developments over the past few years. While it is clear that much has been done to address these issues, it is also clear that current land reform strategies have not have the intended effect and would need to be adapted before this important programme is resumed. The Green Paper on Land Reform of 2011 is one of the instruments that has been used to create new interest and public engagement both in Land Reform, the development of better public policy and - eventually – of legislation. In the context of this brief description of the existing situation, this issue focusses on the most pressing aspects of land reform at the moment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Colón-López ◽  
Coralia Vázquez-Otero ◽  
Vilnery Rivera-Figueroa ◽  
Glizette O. Arroyo-Morales ◽  
Diana T. Medina-Laabes ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Khalid Zaman ◽  
Asma Mohsin

Internationalization of higher education is not a new phenomenon. The concept has grown more by the time and now it has become an important strategic priority for many institutions and governments. Governments and institutions have invested and continue to invest considerable resource in internationalization. Internationalization of higher education is seen as one of the ways a country responds to the impact of globalization. The aim of this study is to examine how the process of internationalization has evolved overtime, and how it is occurring in today’s global knowledge economy. This article presents the review of the process of internationalization of higher education in a historical context. It also discusses that international mobility of students, scholars, programs, and institutions of higher education is driven by academic, cultural, political, and economic rationales. Furthermore, the study concludes that most of the higher education institutions refrain from aiming to become global institutions because of the academic and economic barriers.


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