Linked Data

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-113
Author(s):  
Leila Zemmouchi-Ghomari
Keyword(s):  
Linked Data ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Exciting Field ◽  
Data Resource ◽  
Simple Protocol ◽  
Web Of Data ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description ◽  
The Web

The data on the web is heterogeneous and distributed, which makes its integration a sine qua non-condition for its effective exploitation within the context of the semantic web or the so-called web of data. A promising solution for web data integration is the linked data initiative, which is based on four principles that aim to standardize the publication of structured data on the web. The objective of this chapter is to provide an overview of the essential aspects of this fairly recent and exciting field, including the model of linked data: resource description framework (RDF), its query language: simple protocol, and the RDF query language (SPARQL), the available means of publication and consumption of linked data, and the existing applications and the issues not yet addressed in research.

Measuring vocabulary use in the Linked Data Cloud

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Nogales ◽  
Miguel Angel Sicilia-Urban ◽  
Elena García-Barriocanal
Keyword(s):  
Linked Data ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Web Of Data ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description ◽  
The Web

Purpose This paper reports on a quantitative study of data gathered from the Linked Open Vocabularies (LOV) catalogue, including the use of network analysis and metrics. The purpose of this paper is to gain insights into the structure of LOV and the use of vocabularies in the Web of Data. It is important to note that not all the vocabularies in it are registered in LOV. Given the de-centralised and collaborative nature of the use and adoption of these vocabularies, the results of the study can be used to identify emergent important vocabularies that are shaping the Web of Data. Design/methodology/approach The methodology is based on an analytical approach to a data set that captures a complete snapshot of the LOV catalogue dated April 2014. An initial analysis of the data is presented in order to obtain insights into the characteristics of the vocabularies found in LOV. This is followed by an analysis of the use of Vocabulary of a Friend properties that describe relations among vocabularies. Finally, the study is complemented with an analysis of the usage of the different vocabularies, and concludes by proposing a number of metrics. Findings The most relevant insight is that unsurprisingly the vocabularies with more presence are those used to model Semantic Web data, such as Resource Description Framework, RDF Schema and OWL, as well as broadly used standards as Simple Knowledge Organization System, DCTERMS and DCE. It was also discovered that the most used language is English and the vocabularies are not considered to be highly specialised in a field. Also, there is not a dominant scope of the vocabularies. Regarding the structural analysis, it is concluded that LOV is a heterogeneous network. Originality/value The paper provides an empirical analysis of the structure of LOV and the relations between its vocabularies, together with some metrics that may be of help to determine the important vocabularies from a practical perspective. The results are of interest for a better understanding of the evolution and dynamics of the Web of Data, and for applications that attempt to retrieve data in the Linked Data Cloud. These applications can benefit from the insights into the important vocabularies to be supported and the value added when mapping between and using the vocabularies.

Linked Data, Towards Realizing the Web of Data

2018 ◽  
pp. 292-312
Author(s):  
Leila Zemmouchi-Ghomari
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Web Of Data ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
Online Sources ◽  
Significant Effort ◽  
The Web

Data play a central role in the effectiveness and efficiency of web applications, such as the Semantic Web. However, data are distributed across a very large number of online sources, due to which a significant effort is needed to integrate this data for its proper utilization. A promising solution to this issue is the linked data initiative, which is based on four principles related to publishing web data and facilitating interlinked and structured online data rather than the existing web of documents. The basic ideas, techniques, and applications of the linked data initiative are surveyed in this paper. The authors discuss some Linked Data open issues and potential tracks to address these pending questions.

scholarly journals An E-Commerce Platform for Industrialized Construction Procurement Based on BIM and Linked Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2613
Author(s):  
Dandan He ◽  
Zhongfu Li ◽  
Chunlin Wu ◽  
Xin Ning
Keyword(s):  
Data Integration ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Resource Description Framework ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Product Data ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description

Industrialized construction has raised the requirements of procurement methods used in the construction industry. The rapid development of e-commerce offers efficient and effective solutions, however the large number of participants in the construction industry means that the data involved are complex, and problems arise related to volume, heterogeneity, and fragmentation. Thus, the sector lags behind others in the adoption of e-commerce. In particular, data integration has become a barrier preventing further development. Traditional e-commerce platform, which considered data integration for common product data, cannot meet the requirements of construction product data integration. This study aimed to build an information-integrated e-commerce platform for industrialized construction procurement (ICP) to overcome some of the shortcomings existing platforms. We proposed a platform based on Building Information Modelling (BIM) and linked data, taking an innovative approach to data integration. It uses industrialized construction technology to support product standardization, BIM to support procurement process, and linked data to connect different data sources. The platform was validated using a case study. With the development of an e-commerce ontology, industrialized construction component information was extracted from BIM models and converted to Resource Description Framework (RDF) format. Related information from different data sources was also converted to RDF format, and Simple Protocol and Resource Description Framework Query Language (SPARQL) queries were implemented. The platform provides a solution for the development of e-commerce platform in the construction industry.

Storing massive Resource Description Framework (RDF) data: a survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongmin Ma ◽  
Miriam A. M. Capretz ◽  
Li Yan
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Resource Description Framework ◽  
Relational Databases ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Current State ◽  
Rdf Data ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description ◽  
Flexible Model ◽  
The Web

AbstractThe Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a flexible model for representing information about resources on the Web. As a W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) Recommendation, RDF has rapidly gained popularity. With the widespread acceptance of RDF on the Web and in the enterprise, a huge amount of RDF data is being proliferated and becoming available. Efficient and scalable management of RDF data is therefore of increasing importance. RDF data management has attracted attention in the database and Semantic Web communities. Much work has been devoted to proposing different solutions to store RDF data efficiently. This paper focusses on using relational databases and NoSQL (for ‘not only SQL (Structured Query Language)’) databases to store massive RDF data. A full up-to-date overview of the current state of the art in RDF data storage is provided in the paper.

scholarly journals gst-store: Querying Large Spatiotemporal RDF Graphs

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Lei Zou ◽  
Dongyan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Query Language ◽  
Data Management System ◽  
Rdf Graph ◽  
Spatiotemporal Information ◽  
Simple Protocol ◽  
Rdf Data ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Query Algorithm ◽  
Rdf Graphs ◽  
Resource Description

Abstract The Simple Protocol and RDF Query Language (SPARQL) query language allows users to issue a structural query over a resource description framework (RDF) graph. However, the lack of a spatiotemporal query language limits the usage of RDF data in spatiotemporal-oriented applications. As the spatiotemporal information continuously increases in RDF data, it is necessary to design an effective and efficient spatiotemporal RDF data management system. In this paper, we formally define the spatiotemporal information-integrated RDF data, introduce a spatiotemporal query language that extends the SPARQL language with spatiotemporal assertions to query spatiotemporal information-integrated RDF data, and design a novel index and the corresponding query algorithm. The experimental results on a large, real RDF graph integrating spatial and temporal information (> 180 million triples) confirm the superiority of our approach. In contrast to its competitors, gst-store outperforms by more than 20%-30% in most cases.

scholarly journals Linked Data Technologies and What Libraries Have Accomplished So Far

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongming Wang ◽  
Sharon Q Yang
Keyword(s):  
Linked Data ◽  
Query Language ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hard Time ◽  
Library Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
National Libraries ◽  
Resource Description

For the past ten years libraries have been working diligently towards Linked Data and the Semantic Web. Due to the complexity and vast scope of Linked Data, many people have a hard time to understand its technical details and its potential for the library community. This paper aims to help librarians better understand some important concepts by explaining the basic Linked Data technologies that consist of Resource Description Framework (RDF), the ontology, and the query language. It also includes an overview of the achievements by libraries around the world in their efforts to turn library data into Linked Data including those by Library of Congress, OCLC, and some other national libraries. Some of the challenges and setbacks that libraries have encountered are analyzed and discussed. In spite of the difficulties, there is no way to turn back. Libraries will have to succeed.

Semantic Cloud Architecture An Integration of Cloud and Semantic Web

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayalakshmi Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
It Services ◽  
Cloud Architecture ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Data Portability ◽  
Resource Description ◽  
The Web

In the last few years, the amount of structured data made available on the Web in semantic formats has grown by several orders of magnitude. On one side, the Linked Data effort has made available online hundreds of millions of entity descriptions based on the Resource Description Framework (RDF) in data sets. On the other hand, the Web 2.0 community has increasingly embraced the idea of data portability, and the first efforts have already produced billions of RDF equivalent triples either embedded inside HTML pages using micro formats or exposed directly using eRDF (embedded RDF) and RDFa (RDF attributes). In another side Cloud Computing is offering utility concerned IT services to users worldwide. It enables hosting of applications from consumers, scientific and business domains. The beauty of cloud computing is its simplicity. This paper focuses on the process of transitioning from IT architectures of today to Semantic Cloud Architecture. The emphasis is on collaborative work of business and enterprise architects to reduce operational costs and to achieve heights.

On the Graph Structure of the Web of Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Nogales Moyano ◽  
Miguel Angel Sicilia ◽  
Elena Garcia Barriocanal
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
Graph Structure ◽  
Principal Mechanism ◽  
Web Of Data ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
The One ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
Resource Description ◽  
The Web ◽  
Bow Tie

This article describes how the Web of Data has emerged as the realization of a machine readable web relying on the resource description framework language as a way to provide richer semantics to datasets. While the web of data is based on similar principles as the original web, being interlinked in the principal mechanism to relate information, the differences in the structure of the information is evident. Several studies have analysed the graph structure of the web, yielding important insights that were used in relevant applications. However, those findings cannot be transposed to the Web of Data, due to fundamental differences in the production, link creation and usage. This article reports on a study of the graph structure of the Web of Data using methods and techniques from similar studies for the Web. Results show that the Web of Data also complies with the theory of the bow-tie. Other characteristics are the low distance between nodes or the closeness and degree centrality are low. Regarding the datasets, the biggest one is Open Data Euskadi but the one with more connections to other datasets is Dbpedia.

scholarly journals LINKDALE: A LIGHTWEIGHT LEARNING ENVIRONMENT FOR (GEOSPATIAL) LINKED DATA

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W8 ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
S. Ronzhin ◽  
G. Bosch ◽  
E. Folmer ◽  
R. Lemmens
Keyword(s):  
Linked Data ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Sparql Query ◽  
Design Consideration ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Modern software tools for managing Linked Data are often designed for skilled users. Therefore, they cannot be used for education purposes because they require substantial a priori knowledge about the Resource Description Framework and the SPARQL query language. LinkDaLe is a single page application designed to teach students the concept of Linked Data and work with linked data at the same time. In the paper we showcase the interface and functionality of LinkDaLe by triplifying data on Geo4All member organizations. The application was built and evaluated within The Business Process Integration Lab, a master programme course in 2016 and 2017 years. Positive feedback from both students and teachers proved the relevance of the proposed design consideration. LinkDaLe showed usability working with domain specific data e.g. geospatial and logistic data.</p>

Towards Massive RDF Storage in NoSQL Databases

2019 ◽  
pp. 263-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongmin Ma ◽  
Li Yan
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nosql Databases ◽  
Current State ◽  
Data Store ◽  
Rdf Data ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description ◽  
The Web

The resource description framework (RDF) is a model for representing information resources on the web. With the widespread acceptance of RDF as the de-facto standard recommended by W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) for the representation and exchange of information on the web, a huge amount of RDF data is being proliferated and becoming available. So, RDF data management is of increasing importance and has attracted attention in the database community as well as the Semantic Web community. Currently, much work has been devoted to propose different solutions to store large-scale RDF data efficiently. In order to manage massive RDF data, NoSQL (not only SQL) databases have been used for scalable RDF data store. This chapter focuses on using various NoSQL databases to store massive RDF data. An up-to-date overview of the current state of the art in RDF data storage in NoSQL databases is provided. The chapter aims at suggestions for future research.

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