Digital Identity of Researchers 2.0

This chapter results from an investigation into the digital identity of a community of researchers, part of a PhD study on Education focused on Personal Learning Networks (PLN). Today the social web is a massive reality in academic research, which leads to question the importance of the digital presence of researchers in these informal contexts and how they relate to each other. With the evolution of the internet, new challenges are posed to researchers, both socially (social web) and academically. Immersion in these digital environments promotes the development of open research practices, with evidence of interactions between group members, stressing the collaborative way we interact in the context of learning throughout life. Thus, the social web allows the researcher 2.0 to access the work of other researchers quickly and effectively, sharing content and collaborating with others through a PLN. This personal network requires a range of skills related to the digital identity of researchers, considering the environment in which they are operating.

Data Storages in Wireless Sensor Networks to Deal With Disaster Management

Sensor networks are dense wired or wireless networks used for collecting and disseminating environmental data. They have some limitations like energy that usually provide by battery and storages in order that we cannot save any generated data. The most energy consumer of sensors is transmitting. Sensor networks generate immense amount of data. They send collected data to the sink node for storage to response to users queries. Data storage has become an important issue in sensor networks as a large amount of collected data need to be archived for future information retrieval. The rapid development and deployment of sensor technology is intensifying the existing problem of too much data and not enough knowledge. Sensory data comes from multiple sensors of different modalities in distributed locations. In this chapter we investigate some major issues with respect to data storages of sensor networks that can be used for disaster management more efficiently.

Context-Aware Presentation of Linked Data on Mobile

In this paper the authors focus on context-aware adaptation for linked data on mobile. They split up the problem in two sub-questions: how to declaratively describe context at RDF presentation level, and how to overcome context imprecisions and incompleteness when selecting the proper context description at runtime. The authors answer their two-fold research question with PRISSMA, a context-aware presentation layer for Linked Data. PRISSMA extends the Fresnel vocabulary with the notion of mobile context. Besides, it includes an algorithm that determines whether the sensed context is compatible with some context declarations. The algorithm finds optimal error-tolerant subgraph isomorphisms between RDF graphs using the notion of graph edit distance and is sublinear in the number of context declarations in the system.

Lexical Co-Occurrence and Contextual Window-Based Approach With Semantic Similarity for Query Expansion

Query expansion (QE) is an efficient method for enhancing the efficiency of information retrieval system. In this work, we try to capture the limitations of pseudo-feedback based QE approach and propose a hybrid approach for enhancing the efficiency of feedback based QE by combining corpus-based, contextual based information of query terms, and semantic based knowledge of query terms. First of all, this paper explores the use of different corpus-based lexical co-occurrence approaches to select an optimal combination of query terms from a pool of terms obtained using pseudo-feedback based QE. Next, we explore semantic similarity approach based on word2vec for ranking the QE terms obtained from top pseudo-feedback documents. Further, we combine co-occurrence statistics, contextual window statistics, and semantic similarity based approaches together to select the best expansion terms for query reformulation. The experiments were performed on FIRE ad-hoc and TREC-3 benchmark datasets. The statistics of our proposed experimental results show significant improvement over baseline method.

From Finding to Explaining

Supporting anomaly analysis in the maritime field is a challenging problem because of the dynamic nature of the task: the definition of abnormal or suspicious behaviour is subject to change and depends on user interests. This paper provides a novel approach to support anomaly analysis in the maritime domain through the exploration of large collections of interpretation reports. Based on observables or more sophisticated patterns, the approach provides information retrieval strategies going from basic facts retrieval that guide short-term corrective actions to more complex networks of related concepts that help domain experts to understand or to explain abnormal vessel behaviours. Semantic integration is used to link various information sources, by using a commonly adopted standard. The paper seeks to explore different aspects of using information retrieval to support the analysis and interpretation of abnormal vessel behaviours for maritime surveillance.

Readable Diagrammatic Query Language ViziQuer

End-user interaction with data is one of key aspects in data processing. Nowadays a lot of information systems have a custom made user interface for data input and data querying. From 1970s it is envisioned that a generic, user-friendly approach for data querying could be built, but no wide spread solution has been developed. In the paper we present a diagrammatic query language. We have done an iterative approach to design and improve the diagrammatic query language to make it user readable. Readability is analyzed with questionnaires. Readable diagrammatic query language is the first step to create a more generic and user-friendly data querying.

Towards a Statistical Approach to the Analysis, the Indexing, and the Semantic Search of Medical Videoconferences

In this article, the authors introduce their OSSVIRI information retrieval system which composed of three modules. In the analysis module, they have proposed a statistical technique exploiting the word frequency in order to extract the simple, compound and specific terms from the documents. In the indexing module, the authors used the ontology to associate the terms with their concepts, retrieve the relations between them and disambiguate the concepts to improve the sematic content of the documents. The concepts and relations are represented as a conceptual graph. In the research module, the authors have proposed a technique of users' query reformulation based on external resources and users' profiles and a technique of pairing based on the combined expansion of the requests and the documents guided by the context of the requirement in information and the documentary contents. This system is validated using the metrics from the research information and comparisons with existing statistical approach. The authors show that their approach achieves good results.

To Implement an Open-MAS Architecture for Semantic Web Services Discovery

Recently, several models have been proposed to design distributed and collaborative infrastructures for web services based systems. In this area, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks and Multi-Agents Systems offer many techniques for web services discovery and composition. However, both of the two combinations (P2P/web services and MAS/web services) have suffered from some problems. This article presents a generic P2P/MAS architecture for semantic web services discovery. It tries to merge these two distributed technologies and demonstrate how P2P networks can implement open-MAS architectures to build a collaborative distributed system. The main objective of this article is to find the most appropriate P2P protocol to make such systems. Before the presentation of the proposed architecture, it already presents a background of P2P categories and models. After, it chooses four different P2P protocols wherever it analyzes and discusses, for each one, the stabilization and traffic generation of the network.

Three-Dimensional Information Retrieval (3DIR)

An increasing amount of information is packed into BIMs, with the 3D geometry serving as a central index leading to other information. The 3DIR project investigates information retrieval from such environments. Here, the 3D visualization can be exploited when formulating queries, computing the relevance of information items, or visualizing search results. The need for such a system was specified using workshops with end users. A prototype was built on a commercial BIM platform. Following an evaluation, the system was enhanced to exploit model topology. Relationships between 3D objects are used to widen the search, whereby relevant information items linked to a related 3D object (rather than linked directly to objects selected by the user) are still retrieved but ranked lower. An evaluation of the enhanced prototype demonstrates its effectiveness but highlights its added complexity. Care needs to be taken when exploiting topological relationships, but that a tight coupling between text-based retrieval and the 3D model is generally effective in information retrieval from BIMs.

Using Ontological E-Services Framework to Orchestrate E-Business Process Services

The Internet has come a long way over the past twenty years, and many Internet-era enterprises have had to face daunting challenges while trying to create innovative business models. Many types of Internet interactions can facilitate networking (e.g., The Web, Web services). Since the advent of the Internet, service requesters and service providers have generated diverse electronic services (e-services), and since 2003, many experts have proposed the concept of Web 2.0. People rely on Internet e-services to execute activities and meet requirements; however, e-services lack a standardization method for constructing and managing them. The current study presents a framework design and a comprehensive interface for e-service providers and requesters. The study adopts the concept of Web 2.0 by using Web services with related standards for developing the framework design. Specifically, the study uses semantic Web technologies to complete the construction of e-services. After that, Internet users can quickly and conveniently access the framework to obtain suitable e-services.