Food Consumption Expenditure and Standard of Living in Romania

2019 ◽  
pp. 144-173
Author(s):  
Marian Zaharia ◽  
Rodica-Manuela Gogonea
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Detailed Level ◽  
Individual Consumption ◽  
Structure Of Consumption

Food consumption and its structure is significantly influenced by standard of living. But in addition, there are differences in the level and structure of food consumption, determined by characteristics and local habits. Given these considerations, in this chapter, starting from the mean consumption expenditure by detailed level, and the overall structure of consumption expenditure by detailed COICOP level (01-12 - Individual consumption expenditure of households), are analyzed the mean consumption expenditure per inhabitant, types of household, degrees of urbanization, and macro regions of Romania. Also are analyzed the correlations between the evolution of living standards and evolutions structure of consumption expenditure by type of household.

Food Consumption Expenditure and Standard of Living in Romania

2016 ◽  
pp. 245-274
Author(s):  
Marian Zaharia ◽  
Rodica-Manuela Gogonea
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Detailed Level ◽  
Individual Consumption ◽  
Structure Of Consumption

Food consumption and its structure is significantly influenced by standard of living. But in addition, there are differences in the level and structure of food consumption, determined by characteristics and local habits. Given these considerations, in this chapter, starting from the mean consumption expenditure by detailed level, and the overall structure of consumption expenditure by detailed COICOP level (01-12 - Individual consumption expenditure of households), are analyzed the mean consumption expenditure per inhabitant, types of household, degrees of urbanization, and macro regions of Romania. Also are analyzed the correlations between the evolution of living standards and evolutions structure of consumption expenditure by type of household.

THE STANDARD OF LIVING OF HOUSEHOLDS IN POLAND COMPARED TO OTHER EU MEMBER STATES

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 634-638
Author(s):  
Joanna Szwacka Mokrzycka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Structure Of Consumption ◽  
The Eu

The objective of this article is to present the standard of living of households in Poland in comparison with other EU member states. The starting point for analysis was the economic condition of Poland against the background of other EU member states. The next step consisted of assessment of the standard of living of inhabitants of individual EU member states on the basis of financial condition of households and the structure of consumption expenditure. It was found that the differences within the EU in terms of economic development and the standard of living of households still remain substantial.

The Biological Standard of Living in China during the 20th Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 241 ◽  
pp. 191-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre van der Eng ◽  
Kitae Sohn
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Biological Standard Of Living ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Of Menarche ◽  
Biological Standard

AbstractThis article uses the mean age at menarche of women in China as an indicator of changes in the standard of living during the 20th century. It discusses the difficulties of using this indicator. It finds that the mean age of menarche stagnated at 16 to 17 years for women born during the period between the 1880s and 1930s. The age at menarche decreased in some urban areas, indicating improving living standards in, for example, Beijing and Shanghai. The mean age at menarche increased for 1940s’ birth cohorts, in relation not only to the warfare of the 1940s but also the famine of 1959–1962. The mean age at menarche decreased in a sustained way for women born during the 1950s to early 2000s. The decrease is associated with increasing educational attainment since the 1940s and also improvements in nutrition, hygiene and healthcare.

Estimates on poverty in Russia and the additional measures to reduce it at the regional level

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Sadykov
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Social Standard ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sociological Studies

Subject. This article deals with the issues of social justice and a high quality of life, creating favorable economic and social conditions. Objectives. The article aims to assess the rate and changes in poverty in Russia and the Republic of Bashkortostan and develop complementary measures to reduce it. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of logical, comparative, economic and statistical analyses, the results of sociological studies, and official statistics. Results. The article highlights additional measures to reduce poverty in the region, including the establishment of a minimum social standard of living in each particular region that determines the poverty rate. Conclusions. Various factors, such as economic sanctions, economic slowdowns, territorial and regional imbalances, lead to living standards decline and poverty rise.

AGRICULTURAL WORKERS’ STANDARD OF LIVING DURING CENTRAL CHILE'S AGRARIAN EXPANSION, CF. 1870-1930

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Claudio Robles-Ortiz ◽  
Ignacio González-Correa ◽  
Nora Reyes Campos ◽  
Uziel González Aliaga
Keyword(s):  
Living Standards ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Rural Workers ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Urban Workers ◽  
Wage Labour ◽  
Agricultural Labourers

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to determine trends in the wages and living standards of male agricultural labourers in Central Chile during the agrarian expansion, c. 1870-1930. We found that nominal wages increased eightfold; this is relevant because wage labour became the main rural labour regime in this period. Nominal wages rose steadily from the early 1870s until 1910, and with significant fluctuations thereafter, before plummeting with the Great Depression. Real wages also increased, but only slightly. Furthermore, during certain short periods, agricultural labourers' real wages were similar to or higher than those of low-skilled urban workers. However, the persistent gap between agricultural and non-agricultural wages was one of the causal factors of the outmigration of rural workers.

scholarly journals The reproducibility of subjective appetite scores

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Raben ◽  
ANNA TAGLIABUE ◽  
Arne Astrup
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Differences

Although subjective appetite scores are widely used, studies on the reproducibility of this method are scarce. In the present study nine healthy, normal weight, young men recorded their subjective appetite sensations before and during 5 h after two different test meals A and B. The subjects tested each meal twice and in randomized order. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, 10 cm in length, were used to assess hunger, satiety, fullness, prospective food consumption and palatability of the meals. Plasma glucose and lactate concentrations were determined concomitantly. The repeatability was investigated for fasting values, Δ-mean 5 h and mean 5 h values, Δ-peak/nadir and peak/nadir values. Although the profiles of the postprandial responses were similar, the coefficients of repeatability (CR = 2SD) on the mean differences were large, ranging from 2·86 to 5.24 cm for fasting scores, 1·36 to 1·88 cm for mean scores, 2·98 to 5·42 cm for Δ-mean scores, and 3·16 to 6·44 cm for peak and Δ-peak scores. For palatability ratings the CK values varied more, ranging from 2·38 (taste) to 8·70 cm (aftertaste). Part of the difference in satiety ratings could be explained by the differences in palatability ratings. However, the low reproducibility may also be caused by a conditioned satiation or hunger due to the subjects' prior experience of the meals and therefore not just be a reflection of random noise. It is likely, however, that the variation in appetite ratings is due both to methodological day-to-day variation and to biological day-to-day variation in subjective appetite sensations.

ANALYSIS OF THE LIVING STANDARDS OF POPULATION AS AN IMPORTANT ASPECT OF QUALITY OF LIFE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egor Vladimirovich Eroshin ◽  
◽  
Irina Vyacheslavovna Bogatyreva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Standard Of Living

The article considers the indicator of the standard of living of the population as an indicator of the economic characteristics of the quality of life of people, which is a complex socio-economic category. The authors of the article examined various methods for its determination and presented an analysis of the standard of living of the population of the Samara region

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document