Offender Mobility and Crime Pattern Formation from First Principles

Criminal opportunity in most cases is constrained by the fact that motivated offenders and potential targets or victims are not found at the same place at the same time. This ecological fact necessitates that offenders, potential victims, or both move into spatial positions that make crimes physically possible. This chapter develops a series of simple mathematical and agent-based models looking at the relationship between basic movement decisions and emergent crime patterns in two-dimensional environments. It is shown that there may be substantial regularities to crime patterns, including the tendency for crime to form discrete hotspots that arise solely from different movement strategies deployed by offenders.

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Band engineering of two-dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites for solar utilization: the relationship between chemical components and electronic properties

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/c9ta01882d ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (18) ◽

pp. 11530-11536 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

An Chen ◽

Xu Zhang ◽

Zihe Zhang ◽

Sai Yao ◽

Zhen Zhou

Keyword(s):

Electronic Properties ◽

First Principles ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Band Engineering ◽

Designed Materials ◽

The Relationship

We changed the chemical components of RP all-inorganic perovskites, investigated the relationship between chemical components and electronic properties by means of first-principles computations and discussed the potential of designed materials in solar utilization.

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Crime Simulation Using GIS and Artificial Intelligent Agents

Artificial Crime Analysis Systems ◽

10.4018/978-1-59904-591-7.ch011 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 209-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Xuguang Wang ◽

Lin Liu ◽

John Eck

Keyword(s):

Intelligent Agents ◽

Agent Based ◽

Crime Patterns ◽

Loosely Coupled ◽

Artificial Societies ◽

Driven System ◽

Multi Agent ◽

Reported Crime ◽

Crime Pattern ◽

Pattern Simulation

This chapter presents an innovative agent-based model for crime simulation. The model is built on the integration of geographic information systems (GIS) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. An AI algorithm (reinforcement learning) is applied in designing mobile agents that can find their ways on a street network. The multi-agent system is implemented as a Windows desktop program and then loosely coupled with ESRI ArcGIS. The model allows users to create artificial societies which consist of offender agents, target agents, and crime places for crime pattern simulation purposes. This is a theory-driven system, in which the processes that generate crime events are explicitly modeled. The simulated crime patterns are shown to have similar properties as seen in reported crime patterns.

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First-Principles Evaluation of the Potential of Borophene as a Monolayer Transparent Conductor

10.26434/chemrxiv.5439880 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Lyudmyla Adamska ◽

Sridhar Sadasivam ◽

Jonathan J. Foley ◽

Pierre Darancet ◽

Sahar Sharifzadeh

Keyword(s):

First Principles ◽

Density Functional ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Transparent Electrode ◽

Visible Range ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Transparent Conductor ◽

Many Body ◽

Functional Theory ◽

Many Body Perturbation Theory

Two-dimensional boron is promising as a tunable monolayer metal for nano-optoelectronics. We study the optoelectronic properties of two likely allotropes of two-dimensional boron using first-principles density functional theory and many-body perturbation theory. We find that both systems are anisotropic metals, with strong energy- and thickness-dependent optical transparency and a weak (<1%) absorbance in the visible range. Additionally, using state-of-the-art methods for the description of the electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions, we show that the electrical conductivity is limited by electron-phonon interactions. Our results indicate that both structures are suitable as a transparent electrode.

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External uniaxial compressive strain induced built-in electric field in bilayer two-dimensional As2S3 for photocatalytic water splitting: A first-principles study

Applied Surface Science ◽

10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.147701 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 535 ◽

pp. 147701 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xuefei Liu ◽

Bing Lv ◽

Zhao Ding ◽

Zijiang Luo

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Water Splitting ◽

First Principles ◽

Compressive Strain ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Photocatalytic Water Splitting ◽

First Principles Study

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First-principles study of two-dimensional bilayer GaN: structure, electronic properties and temperature effect

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics ◽

10.7567/1347-4065/ab06b2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 58 (SC) ◽

pp. SCCB35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tomoe Yayama ◽

Anh Khoa Augustin Lu ◽

Tetsuya Morishita ◽

Takeshi Nakanishi

Keyword(s):

Temperature Effect ◽

Electronic Properties ◽

First Principles ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

First Principles Study

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Dipole-induced Ohmic contacts between monolayer Janus MoSSe and bulk metals

npj 2D Materials and Applications ◽

10.1038/s41699-021-00253-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ning Zhao ◽

Udo Schwingenschlögl

Keyword(s):

First Principles ◽

Ohmic Contacts ◽

Electrode Materials ◽

Electronic Device ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

First Principles Calculations ◽

Fermi Level Pinning ◽

Common Electrode ◽

Two Sides ◽

Metallic Electrodes

AbstractUtilizing a two-dimensional material in an electronic device as channel layer inevitably involves the formation of contacts with metallic electrodes. As these contacts can dramatically affect the behavior of the device, we study the electronic properties of monolayer Janus MoSSe in contact with different metallic electrodes by first-principles calculations, focusing on the differences in the characteristics of contacts with the two sides of MoSSe. In particular, we demonstrate that the Fermi level pinning is different for the two sides of MoSSe, with the magnitude resembling that of MoS2 or MoSe2, while both sides can form Ohmic contacts with common electrode materials without any further adaptation, which is an outstanding advantage over MoS2 and MoSe2.

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Two-dimensional Weyl points and nodal lines in pentagonal materials and their optical response

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/d1nr00064k ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sergio Bravo ◽

M. Pacheco ◽

V. Nuñez ◽

J. D. Correa ◽

Leonor Chico

Keyword(s):

First Principles ◽

Optical Response ◽

Symmetry Analysis ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

First Principles Calculations ◽

Nodal Lines

A symmetry analysis combined with first-principles calculations of two-dimensional pentagonal materials (PdSeTe, PdSeS, InP5 and GeBi2) based on the Cairo tiling reveal nontrivial spin textures, nodal lines and Weyl points.

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